EXPERIMENT : PHET SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

1.0 Objective

1.1 To study the magnetic field due to electric current in the coil.
1.2 To explore the Faraday’s law for electromagnet induction

2.0 Apparatus

For the simulation devise, please visit to the PhET website:

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/faraday
Or scan the following QR-code:

3.0 Pre-Lab Tasks

3.1 Study and familiarize with the button and its functions of this PHet
simulation.
3.2 Explain how does current being induced with the existence of magnetic
field.

4.0 Introduction

Experiment shows the current, directly produce the magnetic field , however
magnetic field is inversely proportional with the distance from the wire, . The
proportional relation can be shown by with proportional coefficient given is
, therefore magnetic field becomes:

(8.1)

But when one considers a coil of wire with many loops (or called by solenoid),
equation (1) will change to:
(8.2)
 where the number of loop and is the length of coil.

Faraday’s law for electromagnetic induction is the phenomena of the EMF

induced from the rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop:

(8.3)

where the magnetic flux, is the uniform magnetic, field through a loop
area or, and is the number of turns. The law is very important for
operating principle in electric motor and generators.

5.0 Procedures

PART A: Magnetic field due to electric current

1. The electromagnetic simulation device is shown as in FIGURE 8.1. From

the PhET given pick Electromagnet tab, with fixed distance ( ), use
a ruler to measure the distance and the number of loop (let N=4), slowly
increase the voltage of the DC source from 0 to 10V. Record the
magnetic field in Tesla, T, using field meter.
[Note that 1T = 10,000G]

2. Plot a graph of magnetic field versus varying voltage.

3. Plot a graph of magnetic field versus changing distance of field meter

(use a ruler to measure the distance) with fixed the number of loop and
voltage.

FIGURE 8.1: Schematic diagram of electric current induced magnetic field.

PART B: Electromagnetic induction

Using PhET simulation, choose Pickup Coil tab (FIGURE 8.2) and explore
the simulation by varying the strength of magnetic bar, the number of
loops and loop area. Report your observation.
 FIGURE 8.2: Pickup Coil tab

Now click Transformer tab and repeat the instruction in Pickup Coil tab
(FIGURE 8.3) and report your observation.

FIGURE 8.3: Transformer tab

In Generator tab (FIGURE 8.4), varies the strength of magnetic bar, the
number of loops, loop area and increase the water flow. Report your
observation.
 FIGURE 8 4: Generator tab

6.0 Results and Analysis

PART A – Magnetic field due to electric current

6.1 Attach graph of magnetic field versus voltage with fixed distance
( ) and the number of loop ( ). Fill the following table and
determine the slope of the graph.

Voltage (V) Magnetic field (G)

2
4
6
8
10

6.2 Attach graph of magnetic field versus varies distance of field meter
with fixed number of loop and voltage. Fill the following table and
determine the slope of the graph.

Distance (cm) Magnetic field (G)

3
4
5
6
7
 PART B – Electromagnetic induction

6.3 Report your observation in Pickup Coil tab, Transformer tab and
Generator tab respectively.
6.4 Determine the proportional relation between the brightness of bulb
with the strength of magnetic bar, the number of loops and loop area,
respectively.
6.5 How the water flow in Transformer affects the brightness of bulb. Discuss
with related equation.

7.0 Discussion
From
From The slope obtained in PART A step 1, determine the value of
7.1 constant,
if resistance the coil is 21.4Ω.
7.2
From Refer to the graph (B vs r), identify the value of magnetic field at the
distance of 11 cm.
7.3
From From the result in PART B, what is an appropriate equation of the
observation has made by varying the strength magnetic field, loop area,
the number of loop and water flow?

8.0 Conclusion

8.1 The student must be completed the instruction in this activity and write a
complete report. Please attach the graph that you plot in this activity.