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MARKETING TO THE
AFFLUENT
Brands are leaving no stone unturned in their quest
to attract this consumer group. An analysis.
41
SPECIAL REPORT
INDIAÊS AFFLUENT
C
onsumers in India have Spendings reveal that, for the first CHANGING COLOURS dramatically.
always been pretty tricky
to double-guess. And
business continues to struggle
time, Indian households with high
incomes outnumbered those in the
low category at the end of 2009-10.
T he affluent Indian consumers
have evolved over the years.
They are those who have a large
If earlier, the notion of these
consumers was that of the scions of
the royalty, old Indian business
with defining target markets Today, India has 46.7 million high amount of wealth and spending families or film stars; the list now
based on the most logical meas- income households compared to 41 power, which is most likely to be also includes entrepreneurs, farmers,
ure - household income. million in the low income category. reflected in their high-income pro- employees in large organisations,
Experts have their own definition In another study (Capgemini- file. In 2006, when The Knowledge
and they qualify this with labels like Merrill Lynch World Wealth Report Company (a division of Technopak
super-rich, rich, middle, lower 2010), there are 1.3 lakh dollar-high- Advisors) produced the first compre-
middle or strivers, consuming class, net-worth individuals in India hensive study on trends in Indian
aspirers or affluent, top end of the compared to less than 25,000 a luxury, it pegged 1.6 million
market or mid-market and so on. decade ago. These are individuals affluent/rich households in
These labels, instead of reassuring, who have in excess of $1 million as India. In 2009, the Nielsen
often leave one feeling even more investible surplus annually. UMAR (upper middle and
anxious. Such classifications are However, the NCAER findings rich) report put a figure of 2.6
hotly debated or accepted with a classifies households earning over Rs million to households with Unlike affluence,
sceptical shrug. 1.8 lakh a year (under 2001-2 base monthly incomes of over Rs luxury is more of an
The prime reason leading to price) in the high income category. It 40,000.
guesses about the consumer’s class is is in this paradox that the Indian “When we set out on indulgence than a
that private wealth creation in India affluent reside. estimating the number of new necessity. Though luxury
has accelerated rapidly. If the Says Santosh Desai, managing super-rich households, we
economic reforms of the ’90s director and CEO, Futurebrands defined households with an has never been easy to
unleashed the pent-up energy of India, “The heterogeneity of the annual income of Rs 40 lakh
India’s entrepreneurs, the past Indian consumer makes it difficult or more,” says Arvind
define, the elusiveness
decade has seen rapid growth of the for marketers to slot a single group as Singhal, chairman, and concept of mystery is
affluent class. affluent. A farmer buying a high-end Technopak Advisors. In a
The recent National Council of truck is perhaps more affluent than a span of less than five years highly desired amongst
Applied Economic Research city slick senior management staff in the stereotype of the affluent luxury consumers.
(NCAER) report on Earnings and a large organisation.” class has changed
traders - both retail and wholesale, education, geography or health, but THE NEW MARKET DYNAMICS
agricultural commodity traders, the ability to splurge good money
contractors and professionals such as over good and bad products alike,
lawyers and doctors. distinguishes them,” says Harish
Geographically too, the Indian Bijoor, CEO, Harish Bijoor
urban growth story that until now Consults. Mumbai, Û Metros
was driven largely by metros, is now To some, it also means lavishness, Kolkata, Delhi,
moving beyond, into smaller towns comfort, opulence, sumptuousness, Chennai, Bengaluru,
where the affluent profile is fast or even extravagance. It is these Hyderabad
emerging. “The growing affluence varying factors that are making
levels, increased awareness due to marketers, advertisers and brand Û Key Urban Towns
media penetration, improved managers alike warm up and reach Pune, Chandigarh, Jaipur,
connectivity and significant changes out to this consumer class. Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Ludhiana,
in consumption patterns with high Cochin, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Nagpur,
Patna, Surat, Coimbatore, Jamshedpur,
aspiration levels of small-town India FINDING THE AFFLUENT
Amritsar, Trivandrum, Nasik, Bhopal, Indore,
are compelling marketers to take
notice of a new affluent class,” says
Ashok Rajgopal, partner, media and
T here has been a gradual
increase in spending power
which has moved from the metros
Vadodara, Kanpur, Madurai
Û Rest of urban
entertainment, Ernst & Young. to the satellite towns around them, Aurangabad, Allahabad, Gwalior, Jodhpur, Raipur, India: Urban
The one commonality, across the over the years. Now it is going fur- Bhubaneshwar, Goa, Pondicherry, Aligarh, Moradabad, cities other
class of affluent, that emerges is that ther, and the demands of Rohtak, Rourkela, Udaipur, Anand, Faizabad, Hassan, than rural
these are people who are financially consumers here are different. “The Shimla, Roorkee, Shillong India
well-enabled. “They may have sale of luxury goods beyond the
lacunae in many other areas such as top 15 cities including the metros
Source: Ernst & Young, The New Market Shehers Report
eat very little, savour the best things of life Û In India, the HNWI population grew Û In 2001-02, the number of high
and do most of their eating with their eyes 50.9% in 2009. income families was only 13.8 million
Û India also has a relatively high Û 62% of Indian households belong to
rather than with their mouths.” market-cap-to-GDP ratio raising the the middle class that comprises the
HARISH BIJOOR, HNI population affluent at the top end
CEO, HARISH BIJOOR CONSULTS Source: Capgemini-Merrill Lynch, World Wealth Report 2010 Source: NCAER, Earnings and Spendings report, 2010
consumers would imply larger the target market, as it will allow In India, the diversity was target audience. While the realities of
numbers being added in these them to communicate better with astounding. In Bhopal, they found the affluent beyond the metros may
markets than in the metros. what is fast emerging as the new 213 types and in Vijayawada 171 be different from the urban or metro
future market. They also need to types. “This is why marketing in consumer, his expectations and
A COMPELLING CASE understand the psychographics of India is regarded much more aspirations are the same.
INDIAÊS AFFLUENT
S
omeone truly said that the rich
are different from most of us
because they have the money.
But the rich are unlike each other
too.
Savvy marketers know that
finding this difference is the key to
success in marketing to them. The
language for the affluent is different
from what is used in most mass
communication. Moreover,
PHOTOGRAPH COURTESY: IMAGESBAZAAR.COM
STRAIGHT TALK communication that can turn into a “Social media could be harnessed well for
I t is a tough call for marketers to
create that halo around their brand
to attract the affluent. “The aura of
cocktail or dinner table conversation,
achieves the task of reaching them,”
suggests Suthan.
reaching out. If one of them tweets about a
product and is followed by 500 people, the
the brand needs to exist for it to Says Josy Paul, chief creative marketing is automatically done.”
exemplify exclusivity, value and snob officer and chairman, BBDO India,
appeal,” says legendary adman, “Whatever the brand and the AMIT DUTTA, MD, LUXURY HUES AND CEO,
Alyque Padamsee. This can be built consumer type, the communication LUXURY MARKETING COUNCIL OF INDIA
by increasing the exclusivity quotient will be both above and below-the-
when looking at a communication line, planned to suit what needs to be
strategy for the affluent. communicated.” Special events and
“Deep down, if you understand other public relations efforts must be “Affluent shoppers flock to select brands not
the human emotions associated with carefully coordinated to convey the because they don’t care about price but
the brand, no medium is bigger than desired image of the brand. For
that,” says Joshi. The instance, the magazines selected for
because the service these brands provide
communication technique adopted advertising a fashion brand are often adds value to the shopping experience.”
for a high-tech gadget will be starkly unconventional and trend-setting. It PRATHAP SUTHAN,
different from say a financial or is the kind of people who read them,
hospitality service. not the numbers, which matter. NATIONAL CREATIVE DIRECTOR,
The communication experience A new medium that is fast CHEIL COMMUNICATIONS INDIA
needs to be consistent and uniform. catching up is in-film placement.
“The premium private banking This creates the buzz, which needs
services offered by us espouse to capitalise on other means - say, a
different brand attributes compared select screening or a meeting with “The brand attributes need to be well under-
to the main ICICI Bank,” says the brand ambassadors to maintain stood and not compromised or diluted. It’s
Chanda Kochar, managing director the exclusivity. “The movies in
and CEO, ICICI Bank. While the which the brand appears, the tricky if a communication experiment fails. It
basic banking and finance product celebrities and pop icons who has adverse impact on the brand.”
suit will be the same across banking endorse the brand must also be JOSY PAUL, CHIEF CREATIVE OFFICER AND
customers, private banking clients selected carefully,” warns Padamsee.
enjoy services and benefits that make More often than not, as the affluence CHAIRMAN, BBDO INDIA
them feel their affluence. rises, exclusivity goes up too. “Direct
A high-end luxury home, for communication with customers and
instance, will have attributes beyond prospects is our preferred mode of
price and look for buyers who share contact,” stresses Chordia.
“The affluent space is competitive but,
certain similarities. When Mantri It is for this reason that social not yet crowded, so one needs to be
Developers created 11 exclusive marketing has a huge fan following careful about brand positioning and brand
apartments in Bengaluru, it made amongst the affluent. Testimonials
sure that the prospective buyer was and recommendations do the trick heritage when targeting the affluent.”
chosen from a list of 100 (not based better. For instance, the hospitality PRASOON JOSHI, EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN,
on one’s ability to pay) like-minded sector identifies that frequent guests
prospects. relish inconspicuous service as well
MCCANN ERICKSON, INDIA
“Some years ago a premium bag as having their preferences for all
brand managed to create affluence by sorts of things, including food and
holding a party where a few amongst drink remembered by hotel staff.
the guests had the bags with them For successful communication to “Most of our communications,
when they arrived. Without placing a reach the affluent, one needs to including advertisements, are subtle and at
logo or mentioning it, it generated develop a good public relations
the aura amongst those who did not programme that speaks to these all times catch the eye of the
have it,” recollects Padamsee. The consumers in innovative and non- successful and the discerning.”
brand managed to strike a chord with traditional ways, communicating
the target and many asked for it later. how the experience a brand provides
ASHISH CHORDIA,
“The affluent are a well-connected, satisfies their emotive needs. DIRECTOR, PORSCHE INDIA
close-knit community. Any Inputs by Ankit Bhatnagar
SPECIAL REPORT
PRESENTS
COMMENT
DRIVING IN STYLE
Why BMW India is the No. 1 in the luxury car segment in India and how it manages to portray a symbol of dynamism.
F
or BMW, business is directed quality. So whether your BMW is
by a clear value system that three weeks or three years old, it is
guides management actions. still the ‘ultimate driving machine.’
Seen in this light, a distinctive course Also, with our enhanced product
defines not only what you do and portfolio we have engaged with our
how you do it, but also what you do customers and prospects in
not do. If you concentrate on your innovative dialogues to ensure that
strengths and anticipate the chal- the brand affinity transforms into
lenges of the market, novel solutions product ownership. There have been
can be found. The difference is deci- initiatives such as the BMW Golf
sive. It is the difference between Cup International across 10 cities
‘being pushed’ and ‘making your and the BMW Art Cars exhibition,
own way’, between imitating and held at the Jahangir Art Gallery in
pioneering, between quick results Mumbai. Conceptualising the BMW
due to short-term actions and the Studio at Janpath, Delhi as a venue
lasting success generated by your where our customers can indulge
own strength. with the brand in an exclusive
At BMW India, we decided to environment is another. There are
stand our ground in a fiercely India, we set a decisive course by also formal dining and wine-tasting
competitive environment with new setting up BMW dealerships of events at leading BMW dealerships
ideas and the strength to promote international standards across all across India.
our new products. In absolute terms, metros. We have set very high To reiterate the focus of the
India cannot compete with other standards in service quality and brand, we have adopted
high-volume single markets yet. But, customer care in India, which meet communication of the rich heritage
the future belongs to India. If you the expectations of our customers. of BMW Eras through association
want to benefit from the dynamics of And this is exactly how we with leading fashion designers and
the Indian market later, you need to position ourselves to redefine luxury, events such as the India Couture
act today. This is what we did. We focusing on individuals, recognising Week. For us, if actions submit to the
were prepared to meet the challenges future challenges, promoting By ANDREAS SCHAAF values recognised as being ‘on-
head-on to ensure our company’s creativity, and being the leading brand’, it will cumulatively build the
success. These qualities enabled us to supplier of luxury products and This year, we plan to introduce organisation’s desired long-term
weather stormy conditions and services for individual mobility. We BMW Financial Services India, reputation. If not, we appreciate that
continue to invest in our future. We always concentrate on our strengths which will function as a non- it risks fragmenting what our brand
were able to anticipate trends and and thus on the implementation of banking finance company once it stands for, and we won’t go with the
that gave us an edge. the luxury claim which we convey gets the necessary regulatory idea, however compelling it is. This
Our strategy has been to embark with each of our vehicles. We do not clearances. This divison will offer doesn’t mean the brand is rigid, nor
on an aggressive product offensive make compromises. This has been solutions for Retail Financing for does it deny BMW opportunities.
with rapid market expansion through our strategy in India, where we BMW customers and also offer Rather, it serves as a framework for
greater customer intimacy. We have currently have 16 BMW dealer insurance solutions to its customers decision-making, enabling the
addressed these through facilities. As we embark on the next through its cooperation partner. We business to feel confident that all its
competency-enhancement across all phase of our dealer network strategy, also plan to introduce a pre-owned operational decisions are building
levels seeking new business BMW India will further expand car business with the launch of the brand towards its long-term
opportunities. As pioneers in operations by establishing its BMW Premium Selection in India. ambitions.
bringing luxurious dealerships to presence in 10 more cities. Everything about a BMW says The writer is President, BMW
SPECIAL REPORT
INDIAÊS AFFLUENT
REACHING OUT
It’s the affluent that media planners are grappling to reach. By Narayan Iyer
was for the affluent or not. “To ask Dias. In-film placement of premium
someone to spend Rs 4,000-odd on a brands in the recently-launched
box and then pay monthly charges to Aisha is an example of using a “The touchpoints for this target segment are
watch TV was daunting,” he medium to target the affluent. innumerable as they have access and the
recounts. With multiple touchpoints “OOH, too, can reach the affluent in
reaching this target, it is important to a very effective way. The placement disposable income to experience it.”
get a mix that appeals them. of screens and the streaming targeted NANDINI DIAS,
“Imagery is of essence while advertising in recent years has been COO, LODESTAR UNIVERSAL
talking to the mass affluent. No very effective,” says Lakhani. “For
medium per se can deliver imagery. the super affluent, a credible
The aspirational element is best platform for engagement is critical.
brought alive through a premium Brands usually work on customised
looking TVC or magazine ad which events and media properties to “The mass affluent tend to state they watch
is aired in niche channels and large engage this TG,” adds Natrajan. infotainment, music and movie channels in
format ads in magazines,” says Sudha English in dipsticks but most of the time is
Natrajan, CEO and president, Lintas CUT THE CLUTTER
spent on cricket, mass channels,
Media Group. The output through
this media mix is different for each
product category. When Audi
A dvertisers and media planners
agree that a mix of above the line
(ATL) and below the line (BTL)
Hindi/regional movies and news.”
launched in India, it mentioned its advertising is what works in good SUDHA NATRAJAN,
arrival by detailing showroom dose. For a brand like Samsung that PRESIDENT AND CEO, LINTAS MEDIA GROUP
locations. “Most often, a consumer has products for the affluent across
looks at a product or a brand, gets geography and class, a combination
curious and looks up the net to figure worked well. It adopted road-shows, uses Sachin Tendulkar from time to increasingly gaining advertising from
out details on price and location event partnerships in KUTs and time to interact with existing consumer durable manufacturers
before getting on to consuming the ROUI for BTL activities, while customers and serious prospects. and high-end FMCG products for its
product,” says Lakhani. advertising on mass media. High-end affluent consumers are draw with the non-metro consumer.
“Different companies have More and more brands are best targeted by creating When Westside decided to launch its
different strategies. For example, looking at celebrity endorsement. environments for them to feel their youth brand, Nuon, it tied up with
companies have tied up with “Getting Aamir Khan for the Tata power and exclusivity. “Limited MTV and went for an advertiser
magazines like Elle, Cosmopolitan Sky commercial set the brand access to word-of-mouth experience funded programme with them.
and Vogue to launch affluent imagery and perception in place for is fairly common with this category,” There are instances when the
products catering to women,” says the target,” explains Lakhani. Aviva says Lakhani. But, these are found to communication fails to achieve the
work most often with luxury brands, desired results. “Direct mailers are
SPREADING OUT where the snob value is more. Since assumed to work with this category,
luxury consumers place a high but I have found instances when it
A comparison of media spends in metros and other cities
premium on heritage and exclusivity has failed to do so,” recounts Dias.
Metro KUT ROUI Rural India than the price, it is best left to create The mindset that luxury products are
an imagery that fits into this target best advertised in glossy magazines is
Consumer durables (appliances) 50 30 NA 20
through BTL initiatives. Traditional also a myth. Mont Blanc and Rolex
Consumer durables (electronics) LCD TV 70 30 - - advertising for this class is more a find equal placements in newspapers.
Consumer durables (electronics) CRT TV 10 30 30 30 matter of information. “Placing ads The affluent mindset is one that is
Branded clothing 65-70 20-25 10 - in niche magazines, airport lounges driven by knowledge (most admit to
or duty-free shops tend to work doing a lot of research before a
Cars (under Rs 8 lakh) 40 40 20 - better for these products and purchase) and practicality (they look
Financial services 40 30 15 15 targets,” adds Lakhani. for value in their purchases and need
Women's personal hygiene products 35 30 20 15 One cannot miss out the power of to see the tangible benefits of
social media and the internet. With spending more on a product).
Two wheelers 20 30 30 20
internet gaming not restricted by any Media planners can play the role
barriers, it is interesting to note that of helping the affluent with
Û Current Ad spend in the metros may have come down to 40-45% of the national media 50-60 per cent of Bigadda’s information, while reaching out to
spend. A large portion of this has moved to KUTs and ROUI. High value product categories registered users are from non- them through their most preferred
are still metro dominated, though there is a marginal shift in ad spends to KUT and ROUI.
metros. According to the Ernst & media platform.
Source: E&Y The New Market Shehers All Figures in %, 2009 Young study, the portal is Inputs by Ankit Bhatnagar
MINT, INDIA’S NO.2 BUSINESS PAPER NOW IN AHMEDABAD.
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SPECIAL REPORT
PRESENTS
COMMENT
AN ENGAGING MEDIUM
New technology has made the task of marketers that much simpler by selectively
reaching the high-end consumers.
M
ake no mistake. The super Let’s understand the average per cent of his time with newspapers.
rich India may just be only Indian who inadvertently consumes Of this additional 43 per cent of
10 per cent of the more 6.5 hours of media every day. In media exposure, 38 per cent of the
than a billion population but is big contrast, the affluent Indian interacts increased consumption is due to
enough for the world marketers to with media for 9.3 hours. Though internet usage. One could set a
rehash their marketing strategies. this may seem to be high, the graph hypothesis here claiming that the
Just to get our math right this 10 will indicate the way media is affluent consumer seeks media
per cent is more than the population consumed. The affluent Indian still which he can control in terms of
of Canada, Australia and France put spends 34 per cent of his time content and preferred time.
together! However, numbers just do reading the newspaper but the Taking the story about ever-
not tell the true story, especially average Indian spends more than 50 increasing consumption of digital By RAHUL VARMA
when guessing potential consumers.
Our 2009 media consumption One needs to use this new
study throws a lot of light on how
EXPOSURE TIME medium of connecting with the
the Indian consumer has been using (Daily media consumption patterns) digividuals (digital individuals), not
media. For instance, what were the just individuals. New technology has
triggers which influenced the 1 hour 26 minutes made the task of marketers that
affluent Indian consumer? We found Reading newspapers/magazines much simpler by selectively reaching
that they have lapped up new brands, the high-end consumer who still is
new products, new technology and 1 hour 59 minutes different in psychographics and
last but not the least - the reason for Watching TV/recorded TV programs usage through digital media. The
our intellectual power - the zeal to advent of social media and its impact
2hours 16 minutes
lap up more knowledge. This zeal is playing a big role with many small
Listening to radio/recorded music/podcasts
for knowledge has empowered the outfits, no more leaning on
affluent Indian to adapt to three 2 hours 2 minutes traditional medium and using the
important attributes: product, brand Using Internet for work or personal use social media effectively.
and technology. Hence, the Let me now, like an informed
relevance of the concept of targeted 1hour 53 minutes researcher, show you two sides of the
marketing. After all, one must Email/chat/instant messaging same coin and then leave it on you to
remember that ‘no two consumers decipher the right mantra.
are the same. Source: PAX Digital Life 2009 across eight countries This is how digital media helps a
marketer:
media further, here are a few facts • Reach and usage of digital media
that may not surprise you at all. is on the rise
Morphed Internet usage has further increased • Assured advertisement exposure
telecom within 62 per cent of these affluent
consumers in the last one year and 55
• Targeting of consumers is more
precise
devices and per cent of the users claim it would • Innovation at the marketing
further increase in the coming times. executives’ finger tips
telecom Morphed telecom devices and • Any time is prime time
telecom service providers are the • Individualistic consumption and
service ones who have got the mantra right. what does the affluent consumer
providers are This is further heightened by better
internet connectivity through
consume more than the others
from the digital media
the ones who increased broadband services. The • Reading other people's social
product development around the network profile page
seem to have theme of ‘Pocket Internet’ of Aircel • Reading a blog and commenting
says it all. The once-regional player is • Reading customer ratings or
got the now the key challenger brand across reviews of products/services
mantra right. circles. LG is another example where
it has integrated the young,
• Reading online forums or
discussion groups.
enigmatic John Abraham with social The writer is director,
networking. Synovate India