Chapter 4 - Last Na

Improved SWMS in Coastal areas of Three Barangays in Balayan, Batangas Chapter IV
Ang, N.F.T., Capili, J.C.G., Magbanlag, L.J.N., Maligaya, K.S.B. Presentation, Analysis And Interpretation Of Data
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the findings, and analysis of the current status of solid waste
management practices in Coastal areas of three Barangays in Balayan, Batangas and
interpretation of data gathered by the proponents.
Current Status of Solid Waste Management Practices
An ocular visit were conducted to determine the practices of residents in the three
Barangays to find out the current status of their solid waste management system. The researchers
also conducted an interview and prepared survey questionnaire for the residents of the three
barangays.
Respondents Profile
To easily determine the type of waste generated for each household of three barangays,
the researchers provided questionnaires containing respondent’s age, length of residences,
resident occupations and the ways on how the respondents disposed their waste.
Figure 19 shows the ages of every respondent in three barangays. If a household has an
infant the waste generated from the family will contain residual waste such as used diapers.
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Respondents Age 45 years old above

23%
below 19 years old
40-44 years old
1%
28%
20-24 years old
4%
25-29 years old

9%
35-39 years old

16%
30-34 years old
19%
below 19 years old 20-24 years old 25-29 years old 30-34 years old
35-39 years old 40-44 years old 45 years old above
Figure 19. Respondents’ Age
The number at each age bracket was counted and the percentage was determined, by
dividing the number of frequencies to the total number of respondents which is 70. Below
nineteen 19 years old has (1%), 20 to 24 years old has (4%), 25 to 29 years old has (9%), 30 to
34 years old has (19%), 35 to 39 years old has (16%), 40 to 44 years old has (28%) and 45 years
old above has (23%).
The length of residency will provide the information about the waste disposal practice
which is adopted in time. The figure 20 shows the length of residency of every respondent in the
municipality of the three Barangays.
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Length of Residence
below 2 years
2%
2-5 years
12%
above 20 years
49%
5-10 years
16%
10-20 years
21%
below 2 years 2-5 years 5-10 years 10-20 years above 20 years
Figure 20. Length of Residence
Most of the respondents live in the Coastal area of the three barangays for about 20 years
and above. 15 out of 70 respondents live in the coastal area of three barangays for about 10 to 20
years. 12 out of 70 respondents live in the coastal area for about 5 to 10 years, 9 out of 70
respondents said that they live in coastal area for about 2 to 5 years and 1 out of 70 respondents
live in coastal area of the three barangays for about less than 2 years.
Figure 21 discussed the volume and type of waste being generated by the respondents
depends on the occupational status of each household.
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Occupation
others office worker
9% 5% government
employee
15%
fisherman farming/piggery
30% 7%
unemployed
22%
business
12%
office worker government employee farming/piggery unemployed

business fisherman others
Figure 21. Respondents Occupation
The figure shows occupation of every respondent of the three Barangay in
Balayan,Batangas. Majority of the respondents are fisherman with a total percentage of (30%),
(22%) of the respondents are unemployed, (12%) have their own business, (15%) are
government employees, (7%) of the respondents have their own piggery or farm and (5%) of the
respondents are office workers and the remaining (9%) are others.
In Figure 22 shows that the disposal means of every respondent was determined to know
their ways and practice on how they disposed their generated waste within the day. Most of the
respondents have an improper compost pit while the other respondents burned their waste upon
accumulation and pay for private collectors.
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Means of Disposal
Private Sector
9%
Burned their waste

22%
Dumping of waste
69%
Figure 22. Respondents Means of Disposal

The figure shows how the respondents disposed their waste. The computed percentage
for respondents who practiced dumping of waste is (69%), while the other respondents who
practiced burning of waste is (22%) and (9%) is collected by private collectors.
Summary of Survey Questionnaire Result
The table below shows the awareness of every respondents regarding with the different
process of solid waste management system. The scale is set to be 1.00-1.74 as not practiced,
1.75-2.49 as slightly practiced, 2.50-3.24 as moderately practiced and 3.25-4.00 as fully
practiced.
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Table 4
Summary of the Gathered Data with their Verbal Interpretation

Weighted Verbal
mean Interpretation
Aware of the solid waste management in barangay Moderately
2.68
Practice
Have two or more garbage cans Moderately
2.50
Practice
Handle domestic waste properly 2.08 Slightly Practice
Segregate biodegradable and non-biodegradable Slightly Practice
1.79
garbage before the collection
Recycled some of reusable waste 2.03 Slightly Practice
Burning of waste Moderately
2.58
Practice
Use the Material Recovery Facility in barangay 1.92 Slightly Practice
Collection of garbage done on daily basis 1.88 Slightly Practice
Laws and policies of proper waste disposal are being Slightly Practice
2.14
implemented in barangay
Fines and penalties are given to a person who is not Not Practice
1.70
following the laws and policies of the barangay
Participate in solid waste management system being Slightly Practice
2.08
implemented by the barangay
Solid waste management system in the barangay help to Slightly Practice
1.92
lessen the generated solid waste
Present condition of solid waste management in Slightly Practice
2.42
barangay are effective
Solid waste management applies to the coastal area of Slightly Practice
1.92
the barangay
Dump waste in coastal area 1.27 Not practice
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The residents were observed to moderately practice in terms of being aware of the
existing solid waste management, having not less than 2 garbage cans and moderately practicing
burning of waste. The resident’s slightly practicing segregation with a weighted mean of 1.72.
With a weighted mean 2.03, 1.88 is recycling of reusable waste and the daily collection of waste
is also slightly practiced in the three barangays. In terms of implementing rules and regulations
in the barangays computed weighted mean is 2.14 which indicate slightly practiced in the
municipality. The weighted average of 1.27 dumping of waste in coastal area is not practice.
On-Site Solid Waste for 30 Days
Before taking actions, the researchers first conducted an ocular visit to the coastal area of
the three selected barangays in Balayan, Batangas. Solid waste in the coastal areas of the three
barangays is the concern of the researchers. In order to know the trend of waste comes from the
coastal area the researchers conducted a 30 consecutive days of coastal cleanup every 8 am in the
morning with the voluntary help of the Barangay officials, Barangay tanod and other residents
especially when the researcher are not around. The 30 consecutive days of cleanup aims to
monitor the trend of the waste coming in coastal area.
The trend of waste arriving in the coastal area of Barangay 10 was observed as shown in
Figure 23.
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BARANGAY 10
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 92 02 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 93 0
Figure 23. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.10 from Day 1 to Day 30
The figure shows the trend of waste collected in Barangay 10. Day 1 is the highest
number of waste collected in the barangay but it is observed that with continuous collection, the
waste in the coastal area decrease within a month.
Figure 24 shows the daily trend of waste collected in coastal area of Barangay Navotas.
BARANGAY NAVOTAS
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 92 02 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 93 0
Figure 24. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.Navotas from Day 1 to Day 30
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Figure shows how the trend of waste decreases in a month in Barangay Navotas. Day 1 is
the highest number of waste collected and the last three days was the lowest number of waste
collected.
Trend of waste was also observed in Barangay 4 as shown below wherein the number of
waste collected from Day 1 has a big difference from the waste collected at the end of 30 days.
BARANGAY 4
30
25
20
15
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 92 02 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 93 0
Figure 25. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.4 from Day 1 to Day 30
In the three barangays, Day 1 is the highest number of waste collected. It is also
observable that there are times that the waste collected in coastal area are sometimes increasing it
is because the number of waste collected each day is depend upon the weather and tide condition
of the area.
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Segregation
Segregation of waste at source is important. It's an exertion that pays everyone and takes
care of a large portion of the barangays concern of waste management. Most of the residents of
three barangays do not practice segregation of waste. The reason of this problem is the
misbehavior of the residents towards waste management and lack of knowledge about proper
segregation of waste.
Figure 26. Unsegregated waste of Brgy.10 Figure 26. Unsegregated waste of Brgy.4
Figure 26. Unsegregated waste of Brgy.Navotas
The figures above shows the improper segregation of waste in their collection area.
Collection
The Municipality of Balayan has a daily schedule of collecting waste within Poblacion
area and other barangays. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable solid waste has a separate day
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of collecting. Since most of the residents in the said barangays do not practice segregation the
collectors didn’t collect their waste resulting into pile of garbage along the collection area. Also,
coastal areas are one of those areas that do not receive collecting services that’s why residents
often practice dumping of waste, open burning and pit method.
Figure 27. Schedule of Collection
Treatment and Processing
Every barangay required to have at least one (1) Material Recovery Facilty to treat waste
properly. An MRF is a place where all the garbage generated by the barangay is arranged into
recyclables, organic waste, and non-recyclables or residual waste. Also, the purpose of MRF is to
solve the waste hauling problem. The MRF of the three barangays are not properly used, it serves
as a big garbage can with unsegregated waste.
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Figure 28. MRF of Brgy. 10 Figure 29 MRF Brgy. 4
Figure 30 Brgy. Navotas
The figures above shows the current condition and practices of disposal in MRF of each
barangay
Transfer and Transport
It’s a duty of the city/municipality the transfer and transport of solid waste of all their
constituencies. According to the residents and barangay officials of three barangays, collecting of
waste every day is not properly done by the given schedule of the municipality. Also, Balayan
has no transfer facility as of this time but it is included in the next year modern hauling process
said by the staff of MENRO. The figure below shows the location of the Balayan’s Dumpsite
before.
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Source: freemaptools.com/measure-distance.htm
Figure 29. Location of Balayan’s Dumpsite
The figure 29 shows the exact location of Balayan’s Dumpsite before it was closed. It is
5.7 km away from Barangay Navotas, 6.7 km from Barangay 4 and 6.4 km from Barangay 10.
Disposal
Based on the evaluation and interview to the residents near at the coastal area there are
existing waste collector in the barangay and some of the residents are paying for their waste to be
disposed. Upon inspection open dumping and open burning were widely practiced in the coastal
area. Most of the residents create their own compost pit. Disposed wastes in compost pit are not
segregated and upon accumulation the wastes are burned.
Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey
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In conducting of Waste Analysis and characterization survey the collected waste was
classified. There were four (4) classifications of solid waste namely biodegradable, recyclable,
residual waste, and special waste.
Table 5 is the Waste Characterization form of Barangay 10 performed last May 3 to May
5, 2019. See Appendix B
Table 5
Waste Characterization Form
Name of the Barangay: Brgy. 10 Balayan, Batangas

WACS period: 3 consecutive days
DAY DAY DAY AVE

TOTAL
WASTE COMPOSITION (kg) 1 2 3 WT
A. BIODEGRADABLE
1 Yard waste 8 6.1 4.3 18.4 6.13
2 Veg and fruit residues 0.9 0.7 0.5 2.1 0.7
3 Fish cleanings 0.7 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.53
4 Food/kitchen wastes 1 1.3 0.9 3.2 1.07
5 Animal carcasses -- -- -- -- --
6 Agricultural wastes 0.4 0.3 -- 0.7 0.23
SUB-TOTAL 11 8.8 6.2 26 8.66
B. RECYCLABLE
1 PET bottles 1.8 1 0.9 3.7 1.23
2 Tin can (lata, tanzan) 1.2 0.9 0.4 2.5 0.83
3 Sibak (tabo,upuan,bottle caps) 0.8 0.4 -- 1.2 0.4
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4 PE plastic (veg bundles/plastic labo) 1.8 1.9 1.2 4.9 1.63

5 Paper (white) 0.5 0.3 -- 0.8 0.27
6 Assorted Papers -- 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.13
7 News papers -- -- 0.6 0.6 0.2
8 Magazines (glossy, etc) -- 0.2 -- 0.2 0.07
9 Corrugated box 0.5 1 1.2 2.7 0.9
10 Glazed cartoons -- -- 0.2 0.2 0.07
11 Plastic cup 0.9 1.1 0.8 2.8 0.93
12 Garapa -- -- 0.4 0.4 0.13
13 Broken glass (bubog) 0.6 -- -- 0.6 0.2
14 Straw (drinks) 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.7 0.57
15 Straw (plastic twine) -- -- 0.4 0.4 0.13
16 Colored bottles -- -- 0.6 0.6 0.2
17 Aluminium -- -- -- -- --
18 Softdrinks bottles 1.4 0.9 0.5 2.8 0.93
19 Rubber tires and interiors -- 0.8 -- 0.8 0.27
SUB-TOTAL 9.9 9.2 8.2 27.3 9.09
C. RESIDUAL WASTE
1 Sando bag 7 3 3 13 4.33
2 Thin film plastics -- 3 -- 3 1
Metallic foils, shampoo sachet with foil, cigar
3 0.8 2.2 0.5 3.5 1.17
palara
Laminates, composites, tetra packs, shampoo
4 2.3 1.4 1.9 5.6 1.87
and laundry sachet
PP (Food wrappers, candy & biscuit wrappers,
5 0.9 0.8 0.7 2.4 0.8
etc)
6 Styropon -- -- 0.7 0.7 0.23
7 Textile trimmings 10 7 4 21 7
8 Leather trimmings 2 2.3 1 5.3 1.77
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9 Worn out shoes & slippers 0.8 0.5 -- 1.3 0.43

10 Worn out bags 0.7 -- -- 0.7 0.23
11 Diapers, sanitary napkins & tissues 0.9 1 1.2 3.1 1.03
12 Rags 3 -- -- 3 1
13 Broken ceramics 0.4 1.3 -- 1.7 0.57
14 Cigarette butts -- 0.1 -- 0.1 0.03
15 Inert 0.6 0.4 0.3 1.3 0.43
SUB TOTAL 22.6 29.4 23 65.7 21.89
D. SPECIAL WASTE
1 Busted bulbs, tubes & lamps -- -- -- -- --
Containers of paints & thinners & other
2 -- -- -- -- --
solvents
3 Containers of rugby -- -- -- -- --
4 Containers of roof cement -- -- -- -- --
5 Grease and oil -- -- -- -- --
6 Containers of disinfectants -- -- 0.4 0.4 0.13
7 Worn out appliances -- -- -- -- --
8 Spent dry and wet cell batteries -- -- -- -- --
9 Expired drugs and chemicals -- -- -- -- --
10 Asbestos materials -- -- -- -- --
11 Cosmetic wastes -- -- -- -- --
12 Health care waste 0.5 0.7 -- 1.2 0.4
SUB-TOTAL 0.5 0.7 0.4 1.6 0.53
TOTAL 44 48.1 37.8 68.2 40.17
The Table 5 shows the result of the conducted waste analysis and characterization study
of Brgy. 10. The biodegradable waste had an average of 8.66 kg a day and yard waste was the
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most generated. 9.09 kg of recyclable materials was generated that should be recover and can be
processed to anything that is useful. The residual wastes that dispose had an average of 21.89 kg
and in the record had a highest average of waste generated a day in Brgy. 10 Balayan, Batangas.
The special waste had an average 0.53 kg a day.
The Table 6 is the Waste Characterization Form of Barangay 4 performed last May 10 to
May 12, 2019.
Table 6
Name of the Barangay: Brgy. 4 Balayan, Batangas

DAY DAY DAY AVE

TOTAL
A. BIODEGRADABLE
1 Yard waste 7 8.1 4.3 19.4 6.47
2 Veg and fruit residues 2 2.2 1.3 5.5 1.83
3 Fish cleanings 0.9 0.4 0.1 1.4 0.47
4 Food/kitchen wastes 1 3 1.75 5.75 1.92
5 Animal carcasses 1.7 0.9 -- 2.6 0.87
6 Agricultural wastes 0.2 0.3 -- 0.5 0.17
SUB-TOTAL 12.8 14.9 7.45 35.15 11.73
B. RECYCLABLE
1 PET bottles 2.2 1.6 0.9 4.7 1.57
3 Sibak (tabo,upuan,bottle caps) 0.4 0.6 0.3 1.3 0.43
4 PE plastic (veg bundles/plastic labo) 2 1.9 1.1 5 1.67
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5 Paper (white) 0.5 -- -- 0.5 0.17

6 Assorted Papers -- 0.4 -- 0.4 0.13
7 News papers 0.2 -- 0.3 0.5 0.17
8 Magazines (glossy, etc) -- -- -- -- --
9 Corrugated box 1.4 0.6 0.9 2.9 0.97
10 Glazed cartoons -- -- -- -- --
11 Plastic cup 0.9 1.2 0.4 2.5 0.83
12 Garapa 0.75 -- 0.4 1.15 0.38
13 Broken glass (bubog) 0.4 -- -- 0.4 0.13
14 Straw (drinks) 0.8 0.7 0.8 2.3 0.77
15 Straw (plastic twine) 0.2 -- 0.4 0.6 0.2
16 Colored bottles 1.2 0.6 -- 1.8 0.6
17 Aluminium -- -- -- -- --
19 Rubber tires and interiors -- -- -- -- --
SUB-TOTAL 13.7 9.1 6.7 29.55 9.85
C. RESIDUAL WASTE
1 Sando bag 8 6 3 17 5.67
2 Thin film plastics -- 4.2 -- 4.2 1.4
3 0.7 1.6 0.2 2.5 0.83
palara
4 2.2 1.9 0.9 5 1.67
and laundry sachet
5 1.2 0.9 0.5 2.6 0.87
etc)
6 Styropon 0.8 -- 0.7 1.5 0.5
7 Textile trimmings 5 6 3 14 4.67
8 Leather trimmings 1 1.2 0.8 3 1
9 Worn out shoes & slippers -- 0.2 -- 0.2 0.07
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10 Worn out bags 0.4 -- -- 0.4 0.13

11 Diapers, sanitary napkins & tissues 0.6 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.73
12 Rags 0.9 0.2 -- 0.11 0.4
13 Broken ceramics 0.2 -- -- 0.2 0.07
14 Cigarette butts 0.1 -- -- 0.1 0.03
15 Inert 1 0.4 0.7 2.1 0.7
SUB TOTAL 22.1 23.4 10.7 55.11 18.74
D. SPECIAL WASTE
Containers of paints & thinners & other
2 -- -- 0.7 0.7 0.23
solvents
5 Grease and oil -- -- -- -- --
6 Containers of disinfectants -- -- 0.7 0.7 0.23
11 Cosmetic wastes 0.3 -- -- 0.3 0.1
12 Health care waste 0.3 0.8 -- 1.1 0.37
SUB-TOTAL 0.6 0.8 1.4 2.8 0.93
TOTAL 49.2 48.2 26.25 122.61 41.25
The Table 6 shows the result of the conducted waste analysis and characterization study
of Brgy. 4. The biodegradable waste had an average of 11.73 kg a day and yard waste was the
most generated. 9.85 kg of recyclable materials was generated that should be recover and can be
64
and in the record had a highest average of waste generated a day in Brgy. 4 Balayan, Batangas
and the special waste had an average 0.93 kg a day.
Table 7 is the Waste Characterization Form of Barangay Navotas performed last May 17
to May 19, 2019.
Table 7
Name of the Barangay: Brgy. Navotas Balayan, Batangas

DAY DAY DAY AVE

TOTAL
A. BIODEGRADABLE
1 Yard waste 7 7.10 10 24.1 8.03
2 Veg and fruit residues 3 1.9 1 5.9 1.97
3 Fish cleanings 0.7 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.43
4 Food/kitchen wastes 1.3 3 1.75 6.05 2.02
5 Animal carcasses 2 -- 0.9 2.9 0.97
6 Agricultural wastes -- 0.3 -- 0.3 0.1
SUB-TOTAL 14 12.3 13.95 40.55 13.52
B. RECYCLABLE
1 PET bottles 1.3 0.9 1 3.2 4.97
3 Sibak (tabo,upuan,bottle caps) 0.3 0.8 0.3 1.4 0.47
4 PE plastic (veg bundles/plastic labo) 3 5 2 10 3.33
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5 Paper (white) 0.5 -- 0.4 0.9 0.3

6 Assorted Papers 0.6 0.4 -- 1 0.33
7 News papers -- -- 0.3 0.3 0.1
8 Magazines (glossy, etc) -- 0.2 -- 0.2 0.07
9 Corrugated box 1.2 0.6 0.5 2.3 0.77
10 Glazed cartoons 0.2 -- -- 0.2 0.07
11 Plastic cup 1.4 1 1.2 3.6 1.2
12 Garapa 1 0.8 0.9 2.7 0.9
13 Broken glass (bubog) 0.4 -- 0.2 0.6 0.2
14 Straw (drinks) 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.27
15 Straw (plastic twine) 0.2 -- 0.3 0.5 0.17
16 Colored bottles -- 0.4 -- 0.4 0.13
17 Aluminium -- -- -- -- --
19 Rubber tires and interiors -- -- -- -- --
SUB-TOTAL 12 11.8 8.7 32.5 14.75
C. RESIDUAL WASTE
1 Sando bag 7 3.2 2.5 12.7 4.23
2 Thin film plastics 0.9 0.9 0.6 2.4 0.8
3 1.2 1 1.1 3.3 1.1
palara
4 2.2 1.7 1.2 5.1 1.7
and laundry sachet
5 0.9 1 0.8 2.7 0.9
etc)
6 Styropon -- -- -- -- --
7 Textile trimmings 3 5 6 14 4.67
8 Leather trimmings 1.4 0.6 -- 2 0.67
9 Worn out shoes & slippers 0.8 0.2 -- 1 0.33
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10 Worn out bags 1.2 0.8 -- 2 0.67

11 Diapers, sanitary napkins & tissues 2.1 1.6 0.9 4.6 1.53
12 Rags 0.7 -- 0.2 0.9 0.3
13 Broken ceramics -- -- -- -- --
14 Cigarette butts 0.1 0.1 -- 0.2 0.07
15 Inert 1.1 0.9 0.6 2.6 0.87
SUB TOTAL 29.4 22.6 17 13.9 17.84
D. SPECIAL WASTE
2 Containers of paints & thinners & other solvents -- 1 -- 1 0.33
5 Grease and oil -- -- -- -- --
6 Containers of disinfectants -- 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.3
11 Cosmetic wastes 0.1 -- -- 0.1 0.03
12 Health care waste 0.7 -- -- 0.7 0.23
SUB-TOTAL 0.8 1.8 0.1 2.7 0.89
TOTAL 56.2 48.5 39.75 89.65 47
Table 7 shows the result of the conducted waste analysis and characterization study of
Brgy. 4. The biodegradable waste had an average of 11.73 kg a day and yard waste was the most
generated. 9.85 kg of recyclable materials was generated that should be recover and can be
67
and in the record had a highest average of waste generated a day in Brgy. 4 Balayan, Batangas
and the special waste had an average 0.93 kg a day. Researchers applied the proper process of
collection and disposal of solid waste with the help of other barangay officials, barangay tanod
and other barangay residents.
The total waste generated in Barangay 10 was classified as Biodegradable, Recyclable,
Residual and Special Waste as shown in the Figure 29.
Brgy. 10
1%
22% Biodegradable
Recyclable
54% 23%
Residual Waste
Special Waste
Figure 29. Summary of the total waste generated in Brgy. 10
The percentage of each classification of the total solid waste generated by the 30
respondents of Barangay 10 is shown in Figure 29. In Barangay 10 residual waste has the highest
percentage (53%) among other classification. While, special waste has the lowest percentage
(1%).
In figure 30, the collected waste in Barangay 4 was also classified during the waste
analysis and characterization survey.
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Brgy. 4
2%
29% Biodegradable
45% Recyclable
24% Residual Waste
Special Waste
Figure 30. Summary of the total waste generated in Brgy. 4
The figure shows the percentage of each classification of the total solid waste generated
by the 30 respondents of Barangay 4. In Barangay 4 residual waste was also the highest
percentage (45%) among other classification. While, special waste has the lowest percentage
(2%).
The highest classification of waste collected in Barangay Navotas was Residual waste
shown in the Figure 31.
Brgy. Navotas
2%
29% Biodegradable
38%
Recyclable
31% Residual Waste
Special Waste
Figure 31. Summary of the total waste generated in Brgy. Navotas
The figure shows the percentage of each classification of the total solid waste generated
by the 40 respondents of Barangay Navotas. The percentage of each classification of the total
solid waste generated by the 40 respondents of Barangay Navotas is shown in Figure 31. In
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Barangay Navotas residual waste has the highest percentage (38%) among other classification.
While, special waste has the lowest percentage (2%).
61.12% 60.85%
51.36%
18.30%
25% 22.50% 21.70%
19.13%
16.40%
1.14% 1.46% 1.06%
0%
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
Biodegradable Recyclable Residual Waste Special Waste
Figure 32. Summary of Classified Waste in Brgy 10 from Day 1 to Day 3
As shown in Figure 32 is the summary of the classified waste in Barangay 10 from day 1
to day 3 (May 3-May 5). The biodegradable from day 1 was 25 percent which fall from day 2 to
18.30 percent and fall to 16.40 percent in the third day. Next is recyclable waste which has a
22.50 percent in the day 1 and fall to 19.13 percent in the second day and rise to 21.70 percent in
the third day. While the residual waste has a 51.30 percent and risen from the day 2 to 61.12
percent where in the sando bags, plastics, diapers, sanitary napkins, and tissues are the huge
contributors and fall to 60.85 percent in the third day. And lastly, the special waste which gather
1.14 percent in the first day and rise to second day and fall to third day.
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44.92% 48.55%
40.76%
27.85% 30.91%
26.02% 28.38% 25.52%
18.88%
1.66% 5.33%
1.22%
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

Figure 33. Summary of Classified Waste in Brgy 4 from Day 1 to Day 3
As shown in Figure 33 is the summary of the classified waste in Barangay 4 from day 1
to day 3 (May 10-May 12). The biodegradable from day 1 was 26.02 percent which rise from
day 2 to 30.91 percent and fall to 23.38 percent in the third day. Next is recyclable waste which
has a 27.85 percent in the day 1 and fall to 18.88 percent in the second day and rise to 25.52
percent in the third day. While the residual waste has a 44.92 percent and risen from the day 2 to
48.55 percent where in the sando bags, plastics, diapers, sanitary napkins, and tissues are the
huge contributors and fall to 40.76 percent in the third day. And lastly, the special waste which
gather 1.22 percent in the first day and rise to second day and fall to third day.
44.92% 46.60% 42.77%

35.09%
27.85% 24.33%
24.91% 25.36% 21.89%
1.22% 3.71% 0.25%
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
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Figure 34. Summary of Classified Waste in Brgy Navotas from Day 1 to Day 3
As shown in Figure 34 is the summary of the classified waste in Barangay Navotas from
day 1 to day 3 (May 17-May 19). The biodegradable from day 1 was 24.91 percent which rise
from day 2 to 25.36 percent and rise to 35.09 percent in the third day. Next is recyclable waste
which has a 27.85 percent in the day 1 and fall to 24.33 percent in the second day and fall to
21.89 percent in the third day. While the residual waste has a 44.02 percent and risen from the
day 2 to 46.60 percent where in the sando bags, plastics, diapers, sanitary napkins, and tissues
are the huge contributors and fall to 42.77 percent in the third day. And lastly, the special waste
which gather 1.22 percent in the first day and rise to second day to 3.71 percent and fall to third
day to 0.25 percent.
Projected Volume
To be able to identify the Projected Volume and the bulk density in each barangay the
following formula is used by the researchers.
mass
Bulk Density =
volume
total mass
Projected volume =
bulkdensity
The Table 8, Table 9, and Table 10 show the bulk density and projected volume of three
barangay during the Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey.
Table . 8
3-day Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey in Brgy.10
72
Total number of Projected

Classification Average Volume Bulk Density
box filled by Volume
of Waste mass (kg) (𝒎𝟑 ) (kg/𝒎𝟑 )
waste (𝒎𝟑 )
Biodegradable 8.66 kg 0.03 288.67kg/𝑚3 8 0.24 𝑚3
Recyclable 9.09 kg 0.03 303kg/𝑚3 5 0.15 𝑚3
Residual waste 21.89 kg 0.03 729.67kg/𝑚3 21 0.63 𝑚3
Special waste 0.53 kg 0.03 17.67kg/𝑚3 0.5 0.014 𝑚3
Total 40.17 kg 0.03 1339.01kg/𝒎𝟑 34.5 1.034 𝒎𝟑
Table 8 shows the data gathered in Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey and the
calculation of the Bulk Density and Projected Volume in Brgy.10 The highest projected volume
was the residual waste which is 0.63𝑚3 with a bulk density of 729.67kg/𝑚3 while the lowest
projected volume was the special waste which is 0.014 𝑚3 with a bulk density of 17.67 kg/𝑚3 .
Table 9
Bulk Projected
Classification Average Volume Total number of
Density Volume
of Waste mass (kg) (𝒎𝟑 ) box filled by waste
(kg/𝒎𝟑 ) (𝒎𝟑 )
Biodegradable 11.73 kg 0.03 391 kg/𝑚3 9 0.27𝑚3
Recyclable 9.85 kg 0.03 328.33kg/𝑚3 7.5 0.225 𝑚3
73
Special waste 0.93 kg 0.03 31kg/𝑚3 0.75 0.02 𝑚3
Total 41.25kg 0.03 1375kg/𝒎𝟑 32.25 0.965 𝒎𝟑
Table 9 shows the data gathered in Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey and the
calculation of the Bulk Density and Projected Volume in Brgy.4. The highest projected volume
was the residual waste which is 0.45𝑚3 with a bulk density of 624.67kg/𝑚3 while the lowest
projected volume was the special waste which is 0.02 𝑚3 with a bulk density of 31 kg/𝑚3 .
Table 10
Total number of Projected

Classification Average Volume Bulk Density
box filled by Volume
of Waste mass (kg) (𝒎𝟑 ) (kg/𝒎𝟑 )
waste (𝒎𝟑 )
Biodegradable 13.52 kg 0.03 450.67kg/𝑚3 9 0.27𝑚3
Recyclable 14.75 kg 0.03 491.67kg/𝑚3 12 0.36 𝑚3
Special waste 0.89 kg 0.03 29.67kg/𝑚3 0.5 0.015 𝑚3
Total 47kg 0.03 1566.68kg/𝒎𝟑 35.5 1.095 𝒎𝟑
74
Table 10 shows the data gathered in Waste Analysis Characterization Survey and the
calculation of the Bulk Density and Projected Volume in Brgy. Navotas. The highest projected
volume was the residual waste which is 0.45𝑚3 with a bulk density of 594.67kg/𝑚3 while the
lowest projected volume was the special waste which is 0.0.015 𝑚3 with a bulk density of 29.67
kg/𝑚3 .
COASTAL CLEAN-UP
The researchers set the scheduled for the coastal clean-up of three barangay and invited
the barangay officials together with the barangay tanod, 4Ps members, and barangay health
workers to join in coastal clean-up. May 23, May 24 and May 25, 2019 was the schedule for the
coastal clean-up of Barangay 10, Barangay 4 and Barangay Navotas, respectively. In coastal
clean-up we encountered bunch of decayed fish, decayed fruits, feces, diapers and other wastes
that are found in coastal area. After the coastal clean-up, they provide banners as shown in
Figure 35 and signage as shown in Figure 36 at the coastal area and the researchers prepared
some foods to the residents who joined the activity.
Figure 35. Placed banner to the three barangays
75
The figure shows the Banner of Municipal Ordinance No. 580 of Balayan Batangas post
by the researchers in each barangay showing fines and penalties of the improper practices of
disposal of waste.
Figure 36. Placed signage to the three barangays
Aside from providing banners of Municipal Ordinance with fines and penalties,
researchers also placed signage in coastal area to prevent the residence from disposing their
waste in coastal as shown in Figure 36
Interview with the Resort
Barangay Navotas has a few resorts near coastal area. The researchers conducted an
interview to the owners of resorts as shown in Figure 37 to know if their resort can also affect the
current situation of the coastal area in the said barangay, and how coastal area can affect in their
resort.
76
Figure 37. Interview to the owner of resort
Upon the visitation in some resorts the owners said that the waste in the coastal area
affect their business, instead considering the bay as a recreational area they limit their costumer
to only used their swimming pools. The resorts do not receive collecting services of solid waste
from the municipality, so they practice disposing their waste on the coastal area like other
residents, burned it and buried it in the ground to reduce their waste. Also, owners said that they
disposed the water of their pool directly in the bay.
Proposed Action Plan to Improve Solid Waste Management System
The main objective of the proposed solid waste management plan is to prevent or reduce
waste generation and its harmfulness, and secondly to recover waste by means of recycling, re-
use or reclamation or any other process with a view to extracting secondary raw materials. The
local government of Balayan, Batangas should ensure that waste is recovered or disposed of
without risking the human health and without using processes or methods which could harm the
environment. They shall also take the necessary measures to prohibit the abandonment, dumping
or uncontrolled disposal of waste especially in coastal area.
Figure 38 shows the process flow of the proposed action plan in the municipality of
Balayan, Batangas.
WASTE SEGREGATION AT SOURCE AND WASTE REDUCTION
Biodegradable Recyclable Residual
 Collection  Collection  Collection 77

 Transfer and  Transfer and  Transfer and
Transport Transport Transport
 Composting  MRF  Landfill
Waste Generation Plan:
1. Waste reduction at source should be the priority of Local government of Balayan,
Batangas especially those barangay that has coastal area. This can be done by
getting to know the basic rules of recycling ditch the plastic bags, stop using
disposable plates and start relying on reusable containers. Implement reusable
packaging or containers in home wherever possible, use reusable bags while
shopping. Instead of relying on supermarket’s plastic bags, bring your own cloth
ones to pack up your items and tote them home.
2. Educate the residents of Balayan,Batangas especially those who are near coastal
area thru seminars and programs with coordination of barangay committees to
spread information on how to properly handle different waste materials, to acquire
knowledge of different benefits of recycling, reusing, reducing, composting, and
the different impacts of waste in environment, safety, social, public health, and
welfare.
3. To establish ordinances through the coordination of barangay committee, with
regards to the proper handling of plastic materials, also for campaign to reuse,
recycle and minimization of single-used plastic materials to practice clean
production system at source.
78
4. Establishment of a policy that accord ordinances at barangay level that “Violators
Must Pay”.
5. Planning of target location for the final disposal of recyclable, residual and
biodegradable.
Collection Plan:
1. To acquired enough Equipment vehicle type of Compress truck that will be used
for the collecting of waste in the municipality.
2. Have a necessary training for all collectors and personnel to ensure that the solid
wastes are handled properly. All collectors and personnel should wear personal
protective equipment to protect them from the hazards of handling waste.
3. Collect the generated waste of the residents along coastal area or at least assigned
a pickup point near them.
4. To collect only the segregated waste materials. “NO SEGREGATION NO
COLLECTION” policy.
5. As compliance to RA 9003, provide a community bins with a color-coded
container that are planned to be place at every 50m in the municipality to maintain
the cleanliness and orderliness.
6. Organized a Curb Side Pick-up (Secondary house to house collectors) which the
residents can leave directly their waste outside their homes according to a garbage
pick-up collection schedule.
POLICY:
79
Based on Section 1 of Rule VIII & Rule IX of R.A. 9003 DAO-Implementing
Rules & Regulation, Household owners shall be responsible in segregating and
keeping their sorted wastes in the containers prior to the arrival of garbage
collector. For the municipality of Balayan, Batangas Solid Waste Management
System, the plan to segregate of the different types of solid waste shall be
implemented, practiced and regularly observed at source.
The Solid Waste shall be store in a segregated container, receptacle or stock with
properly mark as “Biodegradable”, “Recyclable” or “Special Waste” separately at
designated area for-on site collection. Classify the receptacle with color cords for
convenience to identify prior its collection by the garbage collectionand each
container should be properly labeled and equipped with cover to prevent the escape of
foul odors and entry of vermin.
GREEN- Biodegradable waste (food wastes, yard waste, etc)
RED– Recyclable waste (plastic, tin cans, plastic bottles, etc.)
BLACK – Special Waste (used fluorescent/bulbs, batteries etc)
Policy:1 “No Segregation – No Collection”
Policy2. Fines / penalty and measure take effect the implementation to segregate
at source in the household Barangay level and mobilization of the Barangay
leaders for monitoring.
Transfer and Transport System Plan:
The collection of waste would base on a schedule that the biodegradable waste is to be
collected on Monday-Friday collection of biodegradable waste from adjoining barangays and
Tuesday-Saturday for non-biodegradable wastes and Sunday collection for residual waste.
80
1. Garbage truck collector must have proper markings and logos.
2. Maintenance of cleanliness of the garbage truck used and keeping it in a good
condition.
Processing and Recovery Plan
1. Have a program and activities for every residents of Balayan, Batangas that will
help them to know the importance of recovering waste.
2. Barangay officials should seek cooperation with junkshops to help them in buying
recyclables materials from the residents and will buy the recyclable materials in
higher price than to the individual entrepreneur in push cart.
3. Giving incentives or greater opportunity for the people who participate and
contributes to maintain the environmental sanitation in the barangay.
Criteria for the Incentives:
As part of the solid waste management plan, there will be having a contest
that is open to all barangays and residents of Balayan, Batangas. Its purpose is to
encourage and involved all the residents of Balayan, Batangas in solving complex
solid waste management issues. All the barangays will be assess according to the
performance of their barangays in waste-reduction program and recycling
operation. The assessment in each barangay will be surprise to see which
barangay is prepared all the time. This contest will run for 1 month and the
winning barangay will receive a money prize which they can use for improving
projects of their barangay and chance to have the title of “Best Barangay solid
81
waste management criteria”. All participants must comply to the criteria that
shown below:
 Highest weight of recyclable waste that are collected.
 Having a composting facility stated or guided by RA 9003 requirements.
 Creating a useful item from recyclable waste.
Composting Method:
Organic compost will be undergone a biological process called aerobic
decomposition whereby microorganism feed on waste and converted it into humus or
compost. The raw materials for composting include: 1) Yard Waste, 2) Separated or
commingled Municipal Solid Waste-MSW, 3) Animal waste mixed with
carbonaceous waste such as garbage and crop/yard before composting. The compost
can be used as soil conditioner and/or soil fertilizer depending on its quality
upgrading process.
Recycling Method:
The recyclable materials can be collected in exchange for money. Junk shops buy
their recyclable materials like papers, cartons, bottles and etc. Prices of each
recyclable material are listed below.
Table 11.
Present Prices of Recyclables Waste Materials
Recyclable Junk Items Examples Shop Price
Per Kilo
White Paper (used) Used bond paper P 8.00
82
Cartons (corrugated, brown) Appliance boxes, packaging boxes P 2.50
Assorted Papers / Mixed waste Colored papers, papers with heavy prints, P 1.50
paper envelopes & others not falling into the
previous 3 categories
PET bottle Clean w/o caps & Mineral water bottle, clear softdrinks bottle P 16.00
labels Unclean
PET bottle w/ caps & labels Mineral water bottle, clear soft drinks bottle P 12.00
Aluminum cans Softdrink cans P 50.00
Plastic (sibakin) HDPE Food bottles used for vinegar, soy P 10.00
sauce, ketchup, etc
Plastic LDPE Ice cream & margarine lids P 5.00
Engineering plastics Computer & printer casing P 10.00
Copper wire
Class A (red color) Heavy duty wires used in aircons Ordinary P 300.00
wire used in extension cords Wire used in
Class B (reddish yellow color) Christmas lights P 250.00
Class C (yellow in thin strands) P 150.00
Steel
Iron alloys (bakal) Steel tubes used for plumbing P 9.00
Stainless steel Pots & pans used for cooking P 60.00
GI sheet Roofing sheets P 7.00
Tin can (lata) Sardine can, corned beef can, etc. P 3.00
Bottles
Emperador long neck P 1.50
Emperadorlapad Liquor bottle P 0.75
Ginebra gin P 0.65
Ketchup P 0.25
Softdrinks bottle P 2.00
Glass cullets (bubog) Broken glass bottles, colorless P 1.00/kg
Old diskette P 8.00
Ink jet cartridge P 100-300
83
Car battery P 100.00
Source: NA Junkshop, 2018
Table 4 shows the present price list of recyclable junk items and some examples for every
item and their corresponding shop price per kilo. As shown in the table 4 there are different
prices for every different kind of paper, copper wire, steel, bottles and plastic containers.
Final Disposal Plan:
1. To establish an MRF in every barangay or cluster of the community should have
MRF as stated at RA 9003 section 32.
2. The collected recyclable materials are to be sold to the junk shop owners.
3. Biodegradable waste will undergo aerobic composition/composting those farmers
in the area could benefit because of high nutrient soil.
4. Disposal for residual waste.
84

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Improved SWMS in Coastal areas of Three Barangays in Balayan, Batangas Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

management practices in Coastal areas of three Barangays in Balayan, Batangas and

interpretation of data gathered by the proponents.

Current Status of Solid Waste Management Practices

the researchers provided questionnaires containing respondent’s age, length of residences,

Respondents Age 45 years old above

25-29 years old

35-39 years old

Figure 19. Respondents’ Age

old above has (23%).

municipality of the three Barangays.

Figure 20. Length of Residence

depends on the occupational status of each household.

office worker government employee farming/piggery unemployed

Figure 21. Respondents Occupation

The figure shows occupation of every respondent of the three Barangay in

accumulation and pay for private collectors.

Burned their waste

Figure 22. Respondents Means of Disposal

practiced burning of waste is (22%) and (9%) is collected by private collectors.

Summary of Survey Questionnaire Result

1.75-2.49 as slightly practiced, 2.50-3.24 as moderately practiced and 3.25-4.00 as fully

Summary of the Gathered Data with their Verbal Interpretation

On-Site Solid Waste for 30 Days

monitor the trend of the waste coming in coastal area.

Figure 23. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.10 from Day 1 to Day 30

waste in the coastal area decrease within a month.

Figure 24. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.Navotas from Day 1 to Day 30

Figure 25. Trend of waste collected in Brgy.4 from Day 1 to Day 30

Figure 26. Unsegregated waste of Brgy.Navotas

often practice dumping of waste, open burning and pit method.

Figure 27. Schedule of Collection

Treatment and Processing

as a big garbage can with unsegregated waste.

Figure 28. MRF of Brgy. 10 Figure 29 MRF Brgy. 4

Figure 30 Brgy. Navotas

Transfer and Transport

segregated and upon accumulation the wastes are burned.

Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey

residual waste, and special waste.

5, 2019. See Appendix B

Waste Characterization Form

Name of the Barangay: Brgy. 10 Balayan, Batangas

DAY DAY DAY AVE

4 PE plastic (veg bundles/plastic labo) 1.8 1.9 1.2 4.9 1.63

9 Worn out shoes & slippers 0.8 0.5 -- 1.3 0.43

TOTAL 44 48.1 37.8 68.2 40.17

The special waste had an average 0.53 kg a day.

Name of the Barangay: Brgy. 4 Balayan, Batangas

DAY DAY DAY AVE

5 Paper (white) 0.5 -- -- 0.5 0.17

10 Worn out bags 0.4 -- -- 0.4 0.13

TOTAL 49.2 48.2 26.25 122.61 41.25

and the special waste had an average 0.93 kg a day.

to May 19, 2019.

Name of the Barangay: Brgy. Navotas Balayan, Batangas

DAY DAY DAY AVE

5 Paper (white) 0.5 -- 0.4 0.9 0.3

10 Worn out bags 1.2 0.8 -- 2 0.67

TOTAL 56.2 48.5 39.75 89.65 47

and other barangay residents.

The total waste generated in Barangay 10 was classified as Biodegradable, Recyclable,