ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE

LEARNING IN DEVELOPMENT OF
THE SOCIETY

By

G.V.S.Supraja-17R21A04K5

R.Divyasree-17R21A04P0
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

❏ Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the

creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of
the activities of computers with artificial intelligence are designed for acticities
including,

❏ Speech recognition

❏ Learning

❏ Planning

❏ Problem solving

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AGRICULTURE:

❏ soil analysis and monitoring: AI-backed soil health monitoring used in Raleigh,
North Carolina, USA, led to huge efficiency gains in the use of agro-inputs by
cutting the use of chemical fertilisers by nearly 40% (Sennaar, 2019).

❏ crop monitoring : In 2016, Microsoft, in partnership with ICRISAT initiated a

pilot project in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. The pilot had a sample base
of 175 farmers who were alerted on their mobile phones about suitable cropping
dates, land preparation, and soil test-based fertiliser utilisation. This helped
increase crop output by around 30%.

❏ crop harvesting: AI-enabled robots are being widely deployed on tomato farms
in Japan, and have reduced the on-field labour time by 20% (Panasonic, 2018).

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 HEALTH :
❏ Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical
diagnosis, such as in Concept Processing technology in EMR software.
❏ Computer-aided interpretation of medical images. Such systems help scan digital
images, e.g. from computed tomography, for typical appearances and to highlight
conspicuous sections, such as possible diseases. A typical application is the detection
of a tumor.
❏ Heart sound analysis
❏ Companion robots for the care of the elderly
❏ Mining medical records to provide more useful information.
❏ Design treatment plans.
❏ Assist in repetitive jobs including medication management.
❏ Provide consultations.
❏ Drug creation
❏ Using avatars in place of patients for clinical training
❏ Predict the likelihood of death from surgical procedures and HIV progression. 4
Military:
The main military applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are to enhance
Command and Control, Communications, Sensors, Integration and Interoperability.[43] Artificia
Intelligence technologies enables coordination of sensors and effectors, threat detection and
identification, marking of enemy positions, target acquisition, coordination and deconfliction o
distributed Join Fires between networked combat vehicles and tanks also inside Manned and
Unmanned Teams (MUM-T).

AI based Applications:

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 Transportation:
❏ Today's cars now have AI-based driver assist features such as self-parking and
advanced cruise controls. AI has been used to optimize traffic management
applications, which in turn reduces wait times, energy use, and emissions by as much
as 25 percent. In the future, fully autonomous cars will be developed. AI in
transportation is expected to provide safe, efficient, and reliable transportation while
minimizing the impact on the environment and communities. The major challenge to
developing this AI is the fact that transportation systems are inherently complex
systems involving a very large number of components and different parties, each
having different and often conflicting objectives. Due to this high degree of
complexity of the transportation, and in particular the automotive, application, it is in
most cases not possible to train an AI algorithm in a real-world driving environment.
To overcome the challenge of training neural networks for automated driving,
methodologies based on virtual development resp. testing toolchains have been
proposed.

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 MACHINE LEARNING
❏ Machine Learning is the field of study that gives computers the capability to
learn without being explicitly programmed. ML is one of the most exciting
technologies that one would have ever come across. As it is evident from the
name, it gives the computer that which makes it more similar to humans.
TYPES OF ML:
❏ Supervised learning:
❏ Unsupervised learning:
❏ Reinforcement learning:

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 APPLICATIONS :
FRAUD DETECTION:

❏ Machine learning is proving its potential to make cyberspace a secure place and
tracking monetary frauds online is one of its examples. For example: Paypal is using
ML for protection against money laundering. The company uses a set of tools that
helps them to compare millions of transactions taking place and distinguish between
legitimate or illegitimate transactions taking place between the buyers and sellers.

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❏ Traffic Predictions: We all have been using GPS navigation services. While we do
that, our current locations and velocities are being saved at a central server for
managing traffic. This data is then used to build a map of current traffic. While this
helps in preventing the traffic and does congestion analysis, the underlying problem is
that there are less number of cars that are equipped with GPS. Machine learning in
such scenarios helps to estimate the regions where congestion can be found on the
basis of daily experiences.

❏ Online Transportation Networks: When booking a cab, the app estimates the price of
the ride. When sharing these services, how do they minimize the detours? The answer
is machine learning. Jeff Schneider, the engineering lead at Uber ATC reveals in a an
interview that they use ML to define price surge hours by predicting the rider
demand.

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 4. Product Recommendations

❏ You shopped for a product online few days back and then you keep receiving emails
for shopping suggestions. If not this, then you might have noticed that the shopping
website or the app recommends you some items that somehow matches with your
taste. Certainly, this refines the shopping experience but did you know that it’s
machine learning doing the magic for you? On the basis of your behaviour with the
website/app, past purchases, items liked or added to cart, brand preferences etc., the
product recommendations are made.

❏ 5.Videos survilance: The video surveillance system nowadays are powered by AI that
makes it possible to detect crime before they happen. They track unusual behaviour
of people like standing motionless for a long time, stumbling, or napping on benches
etc. The system can thus give an alert to human attendants, which can ultimately help
to avoid mishaps. And when such activities are reported and counted to be true, they
help to improve the surveillance services. This happens with machine learning doing
its job at the backend.

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 1. ML IN HEALTHCARE FOR IMAGING AND DIAGNOSIS

❏ With machine learning advancing at an astounding speed, machine learning is an

active application in diagnosis of human diseases. As machine learning operates on
algorithms, healthcare specialists are aiming to leverage this technology in their field
by actively developing algorithms and providing information to machines that can
help them in imaging and analyze human bodies for abnormalities. By using smart
machines machine on a human body, the machines can quickly scan through the body
and can click images to detect diseases early on.

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 3. ML IN HEALTHCARE FOR RADIOLOGY AND RADIOTHERAPY

❏ ML has proved its worth and capabilities to detect cancer in the past and is one of the
most viable options for leading healthcare pioneers to identify any abnormalities. With
such performance, ML is proving to be another strong option for radiology and
radiotherapy.

❏ Doctors can use this technology to scan through the possibilities of a patient’s response
to a specific input of radiations through their body. ML can also help doctors and
surgeons in deciding what and how intense a radiation would be required depending on
how well the patient responds to specific amounts of emissions.

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AI vs ML

ARTIFICIAL MACHINE LEARNING

INTELLIGENCE
The aim is to increase The aim is to increase
chance of success and not accuracy, but it does not
accuracy. care about success
It work as a computer It is a simple concept
program that does smart machine takes data and
work learn from data.
AI is decision making. ML allows system to learn
new things from data.
It leads to develop a It involves in creating self
system to mimic human to learning algorithms.
respond behave in
circumstances.
AI will go for finding the ML will go for only
optimal solution. solution for that whether it
is optimal or not.
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