Family Welfare Programme in India

12/9/2019 Family Welfare Programme in India
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Family Welfare Programme in

India
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Family Welfare programme includes the following

activities:
1. Sterilization Programme
2. IUD Programme (Intrauterine Device)
ADVERTISEMENTS:
3. Contraceptive Programme
4. Family Planning Insurance Scheme.
5. Janani Surakshya Yojana.
6. Nutrition programme
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7. Urban Family welfare programme
8. Urban revamping Scheme
9. Green card Scheme
10. Rural Family Welfare centre
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11. Sub Centre
12. LHV Centre (Lady Health – visitor
13. Immunization
14. Infant Mortality Reduction Mission.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
15. Medical Termination of pregnancy
16. Reproductive and child Health Programme
Milestones of Family Welfare program:
1951-56: Family Planning Program adopted by Government of
ADVERTISEMENTS:
1St Plan India first of its kind in the world.
1961-66: Extension education approach
3rd Plan: Dept. of Family Planning created in Ministry of Health.
: Created. Target Oriented Approach
: Lippies loop introduced and Massive effort to promote IUCDs and

Condom.
1969-74: Family Planning Services.
4th Plan: Primary Health Center.
: All India Hospital posts Partum Program.
: Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
1974-79: Campaign for male sterilization
5th Plan: Renaming Family Planning to Family Welfare.
: Community involvement
: Child Marriage Restraint Act 1978
1980-85: Strengthening of Maternal and child Health
ADVERTISEMENTS:
6th Plan: Strengthening Family Welfare
: Child Marriage Restraint Act 1978
: National Health Policy
1985-90: Further inclusion of various programs
ADVERTISEMENTS:
7th Plan: under MCH
1992- 97: Child survival and safe Motherhood
8th Plan: Program.
1993- 94: National Development Committee Report International

conference on population and Development, Cairo, 1994.
1996: Target Free Approach
: Review of safe Motherhood Component of CSSM
1997-02: Reproductive and child Health RCH
9th Plan: (CSSM Plans STI and RTI Components)
2000: National Population Policy
2002: National Health Policy
2002-07: Planning for RCH- II
10th Plan:
2005: RCH – II
Scheme wise activities under FW Directorate:
1. Central-Plan
2. State
3. Centrally Sponsored Plan
4. Non-Plan
Goal:
1. Infant Mortality Rate – 50/1000 Live Births by 2010
2. Maternal Mortality Ratio – 250/100000 Pregnant Women
3. TFR-2.1 by 2010 (total fertility rate)
4. Full Immunization-100% by 2010
In detail:
A. Central- Plan:
State Family Welfare Bureau:
The State Family Welfare Bureau is functioning at State Head quarter

as an administrative Unit for implementation of Family Welfare
programme in all the districts of the State.
District F.W. Bureau (Non-Tribal & Tribal):
The District Family Welfare Bureau is one of the key branches

functioning in the district health Office under Chief District Medical
Officer for implementation of the FW Programme in all districts of the
State.
Training Of Nurses, Midwives & LHV& Functioning of Sub-

Centres:
Sub Centres are the base level health institution to implement

multiple health activities at the rural and remote areas of the State.
Health Worker (Female) and Lady Health Visitors are the accountable
Govt. personnel to implement different vertical health programmes.
For their training, orientation and time to time improvement, the
scheme efficacy in all districts of the State.
Revamping Of Urban-slum:
In order to provide regular health services. Immunization and other

FW activities at urban slums, revamping urban slum scheme is
included in the 3 major cities of the state, i.e. Bhubaneswar, Cuttack &
Rourkela (Sundrgarh).
Orientation Training of Medical & Para Medical Staff:
Orientation of Basic Health Training programme have been going on

RHC, Jagatsinghpur for conducting training of Health Worker (Male)
including orientation training programme of Medical Officers and

other health functionaries in the State. This scheme is the Centrally
Sponsored Plan & 50% Central Assistance is being funded by Govt., of
India as Grants-in-Aid.
B. State-Plan:
I. IMR Mission:
Due to high IMR in the State, the State Govt. implemented the Infant
Mortality Reduction Mission in the State from 15th August 2001
which is functioning effectively in Orissa. The IMRwas91 per 1000 live
births in 2001 which has come down to 75 as per 2005 SRS (Sample
Registration system). As per the programme of the Mission, referral
transport facility was being provided to the pregnant mother for
promoting institutional delivery. But after implementation of JSY
programme, the mission is providing the mobility support for
treatment of puerperal mother and sick infants. This is exclusively a
state budgetary programme all districts of the State.
II. Navajoti Scheme:
The Navajyoti scheme was launched in December 2005 in 14 districts

having high IMR. In these selected districts DAIS are being trained to
provide safe delivery and home based new born care in home delivery.
III. Maternal and Perinatal Death Inquiry – (MapeDI):
This is a contribution towards reduction of MMR and improvement of

maternal health status in Orissa. It also contributes neonatal and
perinatal mortality for reduction of child hood deaths, project, but an
over arching umbrella integrating all on-going vertical health
programmes and addressing issues related to the determinants of
health, like sanitation, Nutrition, safe drinking water.
Goal of the Mission:
To improve availability of and access to quality health care by people

especially for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women and
children.
1. Stabilize population
2. Make health institutions full functional even at grass root level
3. Reduce IMR to 50/1000 LB by 2010
4. Reduce MMR to 250/100000 by 2010
5. Reduce TFR to 2.1 by 2010
6. Increase institutional delivery
Components under NRHM (National Rural Health Mission):
(i) New Initiatives; under Initiative under NRHM, the components

are:
(a) ASHA- (Accredited Social Health Activist),
(b) Untied Fund at Sub centre level,
(c) Upgrading Community Health Centres (CHC) as per Indian Public

Health Standard (IPHS),
(d) Rogi Kalyana Samiti (RKS),
(e) Mobile Medical Unit (MMU),
(f) AYUSH(Ayurvedic Yoga Unani Sidha Homeopathy)
(g) Intersectoral Convergence
ii. RCH-II – Reproductive & Child Health Programme- II:
RCH-II is a continuation of RCH-1 programme which is continuing

from the year 1997-2005. Objective of the programme is to improve
the Reproductive health of men and women and the health of children
with the focus to reduce maternal and child mortality and morbidity
giving emphasis on rural health care. Goal of the programme is to
bring down the IMR to 50/1000 live births by 2010 and MMR to
250/100000 live births by 2010. Activities – Health of Pregnant
mother and infant are interrelated.
So among the important activities are:
1. Maternal Health:
a. Antenatal Care:
i. Early Registration of Antenatal cases
ii. Fixed Health and Nutrition day
iii. Routine Antenatal check-up
iv. Malaria Chemoprophylaxis
V. Identification of risk factors and timely referral
vi. Safe Abortion Services
vii. Treatment of Sexual and reproductive Tract Infection
b. Intranasal Care:
i. Care of Pregnant mother during delivery

ii. Janani Suraskhya Yojana (JSY):
To promote institutional delivery, pregnant mothers are provided with

cash assistance of Rs. 1,400/- for institutional delivery. JSY integrates
the cash assistance with antenatal care during pregnancy, institutional
care during delivery and immediate post partum period. It involves a
co-ordinate care by field workers like ANM, AWW and ASHA.
iii. The objective of JSY is to reduce overall maternal mortality ratio,

infant mortality rate and to increase institutional delivery in BPL
families.
c. Post natal care:
As 60% of infant death takes place during 1st month of life, care of
mother during and immediately after delivery is vital for safety of
mother and as well as infant. The Lady Health Workers, ASHA, are
oriented to visit the mother to check up the health of mother and
baby, breastfeeding of infant immunization. Birth spacing and Family
planning measures, treatment and Reproductive Tract Infections etc.
In case some risk factors are identified the mother/infant is referred

to public health institution for treatment. There is provision of Rs.
150/- per case as cash assistance for referral of sick neonate under
RCH programme.
II. New born and Child Health:
a. Integrated Management of New born and child Health

(IMNCI)
Bringing down Infant and child mortality rate and improving child
Health and Survival has been an important goal. Prevention of death
due to Acute Respiratory Infective (ARI), were implemented as

vertical health programmes.
These programmes were integrated in 1992 under Child Survival and

Safe Motherhood Programme (CSSM) which are being united as a
part of Reproductive and Child Health programme implemented since
1997. Children presenting with any illness often suffer from more than
one disease. For instance a child with diarrhoea may also have signs of
Malnutrition, and may not have received immunisation as per
schedule.
Activities – Under IMNCI package:
A. Care of new-born and Young Infants (Under 2 months):
Three home visits are to be provided by ANM, AWW, and ASHA to

every new-born on day 1, 3 and 7. For LBW babies 3 more visits are
undertaken. (Low Birth Weight)
B. Care of Infants and children (2 months – 5 yrs):
1. Management of diarrhoea, respiratory tract infection, eye & ear

infection, malaria, malnutrition, anaemia and other diseases.
2. Counselling for breast feeding and supplementary feeding

Immunization
3. Recognition of risk conditions, management /referrals.
Status:
III. Adolescent Reproductive Health:
10 to 19 yrs. of life is known as adolescent period. During this period

human being undergo multiple physical as well as mental changes
which have lot of bearings on health. So it is important to address the

adolescents and influence their health seeking behaviours and break
the inter generational gap.
There are a number of problems in the adolescent period. Specially

females such as low nutrition, low health status, early marriage, early
pregnancy, low contraceptive prevalence. Pregnancy among
adolescents bears excess risk for maternal and infant mortality.
Reproductive Tract Infections and HIV/AIDS are the emerging

problems of this group. In this context to address the above problems
of Adolescent population specifically to reduce MMR, IMR and Total
Fertility Rate (TFR) the Adolescent Reproductive Health is included
in RCH-II. Objectives: To increase utilization of Reproductive Health
Services by adolescent boys and girls in the state and to develop
awareness regarding equity issues in acceptance of available services.
Strategies:
BCC (Behavioural changes communication):
1. On delayed marriage
2. Care during pregnancy
3. Prevention and treatment of STI
4. Provisos of condoms. Contraceptive Pills, Emergency contraceptive

Pills
5. Education on Nutrition
6. Safe abortion services
7. Educate community Self Help Group, PRI (Panchayatraj

institution) members on gender and other RCH issues.
8. To provide easy access to health facilities.
Activities:
1. Training of Service Providers, Medical Officers, other health

personnel, NCOS.
2. Advocacy at all levels.
IV. Tribal Health:
Health problem of Tribal community needs special attention as their

unique distinctive culture, habitat isolation and remoteness from the
on-going developmental processes of the country has alienated them
from the mainstream of health system. 22.3% of state’s populations
belong to Tribal population, which is affected by illiteracy, poverty,
superstition, malnutrition, absence of safe drinking water and many
other factors.
Activities:
Formation of Village Health Committee, Engagement of ASHA

Accredited Social Health Activists) Traditional Birth Attendant to
maintain Link between health facility and community. Appointment
of 3 Health workers in sub centre having more than 5000 population.
Health camps in every Tribal village with population of300, Provision
of Mobile Health Units, Provision of Emergency Obstetric Care at
block level and Comprehensive Obstetric Care at First Referral Unit
level by developing infrastructure and placement of adequate staff.
Monthly Swasthya Melas to be conducted by NGOS in every village to

address reproductive child health issue. Training and skill
development of service providers, Adequate IEC, BCC to empower the
tribal women regarding safe reproductive practices.
V. Family Planning (F.P.):
Increased no. of child births and lack of spacing between child births
have many hazardous effects on the health and nutrition status of
mother as well as child. GOI advocates for acceptance of different
temporary and permanent FP measures which are easily accepted by
educated population like.
1. Sterilization:
Is the terminal method of family planning. After 2-3 child births one
of the parents opt for surgical method of sterilization. Female
sterilization is by the main poplar method in the state. This service is
provided by MOs in each Govt. hospitals.
2. Intra uterine Device (IUP):
Copper T is inserted inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The

copper T is provided by GOI. The service is provided in sub center
level and in all hospital
3. Use of Condom:
Condom is used as a contraceptive device as well as for protection

from HIV / AIDS. Condom vender machines are installed in hospitals
and social marketing of condom is promoted
4. Oral Pills:
Use of oral pills by women for the purpose of preventing pregnancy.

The tablets are provided by GOI and supplied to people at sub centre
and all health facilities in free of cost all districts of the State.
5. COMPENSATION package for FP Programme-

Sterilization:
With a view to encourage people to accept sterilization operation

voluntarily, compensation for loss of wages is being paid to the
beneficiaries as per pattern fixed by the Govt. of India from time to
time.
6. FP Insurance Scheme:
GOI has started an Insurances scheme to cover the death,

complication and failure cases of sterilisation as well as indemnity
cover of surgeons. An agreement has been signed by GOI and Oriental
Insurance Company and the scheme has been implemented from
November 2005 in all districts of the State.
Revised Insurance package from January 2008:
Green Card Scheme:
The state Govt., have introduced Green Card Scheme with effect from
1983 to popularize permanent method of F.R for two children or less.
Parents and children under Green Card Scheme are eligible for certain
benefits all districts of the State.
iii. Immunization:
Immunization is one of the most well known and effective methods of

preventing childhood diseases. Universal Immunizations Programme
(UIP) is established in India in 1985. Since then morbidity and
mortality due to vaccine preventable diseases have declined over the
years all districts of the State.
Objectives:
To prevent infant from 6 killer diseases like Diphtheria, T.B. Polio,

Whooping Cough, Tetanus, and Measles.
Goal: 100% full immunization by 2010
Activities:
Routine Immunization schedule:

This is a National immunizations schedule which is followed by all the

states.
1. Special Immunization Week:
To immunize infants, pregnant mothers and children in unreached

areas, in areas where immunization services are not given for 2 shifts
and dropout population, immunization services are undertaken in a
campaign method twice in a year.
2. Intensified Pulse Polio Immunization:
GOT Launched the Pulse Polio Immunization programme in an effect

to eradicate polio from the country and to free children from the
danger of this dreaded disease.
3. Supply of sufficient Vaccine:
GOI provides all types of vaccine as per requirement by the state. The
vaccine are stored, transported and utilized under cold chain system
as per GOI norm.
4. Use of Immunization Card and Counter Foil:
One immunization card is used for each vaccinated mother/ child. The
name of the vaccine given, the date of vaccination is mentioned in the
card. A counter foil of the card is maintained at the sub centre by the
Health Worker/ Vaccinator to follow up the child in case the original
card is not produced by the child’s parent.
5. Maintenance of Cold Chain System:
To preserve the potency of the vaccine the vaccine are transported and
stored under cold chain system in specific range of temperature.
6. Use of Auto-Disposable syringes:
For injectable vaccine such systems are supplied by GOI which is

launched after syringe use. Such system prevents from misuse of any
needles and syringes so that Adverse effect of Immunizations are
prevented.
7. Training to HW (F):
The staff utilized in immunisation programme is given training on

vaccine use, cold chain and injection safety from time to time before
any special immunization schedule.
8. Adverse Effect of Immunisation:
All health staffs are trained on detection and management of Adverse

Effect on Immunisation.
9. Survey of Vaccine Preventable Disease:
Collecting information on vaccine preventable diseases is used as a

guide for immunisation strategy.
Difference:
RCH-II is different from RCH-I in its flexible approach, strengthened

management capacity, integrated behaviour change communication,
client based quality services, Convergence with other critical sector.
Components of RCH-II:
Population stabilization; Maternal Health; New-born care; Child

Health; Adolescent Health; RTISTI treatment and control; Urban
Health; Tribal Health; Other priority Areas: Targeting of services,
strengthening service delivery, infrastructure and maintenance,
supply of drugs and equipment, strengthening of health care

providers.
Role of national family welfare organisations in family

Welfare programmes:
Central social Welfare Board, all – India Women’s conference, Bhart

seweak samaj, Biswa are some of the national organisations involved
in family welfare programmes to improve the health of mother and
child. They are undertaking various projects and organizing seminars
on reproductive and child health in order to create awareness among
women for sustainable development of the community.
They are also conducting various training program for the workers
working in family welfare programmes. They are providing maternity
aid and running maternity home to encourage institutional delivery of
women. They are also providing milk powder to nursery School
children, giving instructions to women about family planning and
mother craft activities.
Role of international agencies in family welfare Program:
The role of important international agencies in family welfare

program is discussed here under.
UNFPA – UNFPA IN INDIA
United Nations
Population Fund
UNFA, the world’s largest source of population funding, began

operations in 1969. It helps countries in finding solutions to their
population problems and is world’s largest source of population
funding. About one-fourth of population funding assistance to

developing countries is channelled through UNFPA.
UNFPA is assisting India in supporting the strategy endorsed by the

1994 International Conference on Population and Development
(ICPD), which emphasised the inseparability of population and
development and focused on meeting individuals’ needs rather than
demographic targets. The key to this new approach is empowering
women and expanding access to education, health services and
employment opportunities. UNFPA Country Program-V (1997-2001)
of US$ 100 million for India is the largest UNFPA programme of
assistance worldwide.
The country program-V has been divided into 3 sub-

programs:
1. Population and development
2. Reproductive Health
3. Advocacy and IEC. (Information Education & Communication)
All the activities are undertaken in accordance with the principles and
objectives of the ICPD Program of Action, endorsed by the UN
General Assembly.
The sub-programs seek to institutionalize as many activities as

possible within the existing government and non-governmental
structure to ensure longevity and sustainability. UNFPA supported
Integrated Population and Development (IPD) Projects in
approximately 40 districts in 6 states in India (Maharashtra, Gujarat,
Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Rajasthan and Orissa) will address the
needs of individuals and couples to achieve their personal
reproductive intentions, will help in eliminating discrimination
against girls, and will help in providing quality reproductive health

services.
UNFPA Country program-V supports the Government of

India in the following key areas:
1. Integrating population issues within a wider development context;
2. Implementing the draft national policy for the empowerment of

women;
3. Developing special programmes to improve women’s status and

address gender disparities;
4. Strengthening the logistics system for distribution of contraceptives

and brooding choice of available contraceptive methods; and
5. Enhancing advocacy efforts to promote the concept of reproductive

health and gender quality.
The works of UNFPA on population Issues
Improving Reproductive Health
Linking population and Development
Promoting Gender Equality
Advancing Human Rights
Supporting Adolescents and Youth
Making Motherhood Safer
Using Culturally Sensitive Approaches
Preventing HIV Infection
Assisting in Emergencies
Securing Essential Supplies
Building support/Donations Procurement.
Key achievements of the UNICEF Country Programme

(2003-2007):
The previous Country Programme focused on the fulfillment of rights

of all children and women, and the promotion of an enabling
environment to ensure equity and to strengthen account abilities
towards children.
In collaboration with government schemes, key

achievements over the last five years include:
1. Provision of water supply and sanitation to 65 per cent of Schools;
2. Mainstreaming of HIV/AIDS prevention education for adolescents

in 75 percent of all government schools;
3. Doubling in the coverage in household sanitation;
4. Improved school governance and child-friendly classroom

environments;
5. Adoption of Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood

Illnesses (IMNCI) as a key strategy for child health;
The Country Programme, 2008-2012
Goal and objectives:
The overall goal of the 2008-2012 Country Programme is to advance

the fulfillment of the rights of all women and children in India to
survival, development, participation and protection by reducing social
inequalities based on gender, caste, ethnicity or region.
UNICEF’s work is centred on children from neonatal stages to

adolescence.
In addition to reducing infant mortality rates (IMR), the Reproductive

and Child Health programme will also aim to reduce maternal
mortality rates (MMR) from 301 to 100 per 100,000 live births.
The main interventions will revolve around enhancing child

survival and maternal care. Key results include:
1. Reduction of IMR from 58 per cent to 28 per cent per 1,000 live
births.
2. Reduction of MMR from 301 to 100 per 100,000 live births.
The Child Development and Nutrition programme will stress on the

nutritional status of the mother along with the child. UNICEF will
focus on providing technical know-how to enhance ICDS functioning
and delivery by supporting training of the field level workers on the
one hand and by conducting a nationwide awareness campaign on the
issue with the purpose of influencing policy.
Anticipated results include:
1. Reduction in the level of malnutrition
2. Significant reduction in micronutrient deficiencies.
UNICEF will work in close partnership with other United Nations

agencies as outlined in the United Nations Development Assistance
Framework, the World Bank, bilateral partners such as the UK’s

Department for International Development, the private sector, and
international and national non-governmental organisations.
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12/9/2019 Family Welfare Programme in India

 Your Article Library

Family Welfare Programme in

Family Welfare programme includes the following

2. IUD Programme (Intrauterine Device)

4. Family Planning Insurance Scheme.

5. Janani Surakshya Yojana.

7. Urban Family welfare programme

8. Urban revamping Scheme

9. Green card Scheme

10. Rural Family Welfare centre

11. Sub Centre

12. LHV Centre (Lady Health – visitor

14. Infant Mortality Reduction Mission.

15. Medical Termination of pregnancy

16. Reproductive and child Health Programme

Milestones of Family Welfare program:

1951-56: Family Planning Program adopted by Government of

1St Plan India first of its kind in the world.

1961-66: Extension education approach

3rd Plan: Dept. of Family Planning created in Ministry of Health.

: Created. Target Oriented Approach

: Lippies loop introduced and Massive effort to promote IUCDs and

1969-74: Family Planning Services.

4th Plan: Primary Health Center.

: All India Hospital posts Partum Program.

: Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971

1974-79: Campaign for male sterilization

5th Plan: Renaming Family Planning to Family Welfare.

: Child Marriage Restraint Act 1978

1980-85: Strengthening of Maternal and child Health

6th Plan: Strengthening Family Welfare

: Child Marriage Restraint Act 1978

: National Health Policy

1985-90: Further inclusion of various programs

7th Plan: under MCH

1992- 97: Child survival and safe Motherhood

8th Plan: Program.

1993- 94: National Development Committee Report International

1996: Target Free Approach

: Review of safe Motherhood Component of CSSM

1997-02: Reproductive and child Health RCH

9th Plan: (CSSM Plans STI and RTI Components)

2000: National Population Policy

2002: National Health Policy

2002-07: Planning for RCH- II

Scheme wise activities under FW Directorate:

3. Centrally Sponsored Plan

1. Infant Mortality Rate – 50/1000 Live Births by 2010

2. Maternal Mortality Ratio – 250/100000 Pregnant Women

3. TFR-2.1 by 2010 (total fertility rate)

4. Full Immunization-100% by 2010

State Family Welfare Bureau:

The State Family Welfare Bureau is functioning at State Head quarter

District F.W. Bureau (Non-Tribal & Tribal):

The District Family Welfare Bureau is one of the key branches

Training Of Nurses, Midwives & LHV& Functioning of Sub-

Sub Centres are the base level health institution to implement

In order to provide regular health services. Immunization and other

Orientation Training of Medical & Para Medical Staff:

Orientation of Basic Health Training programme have been going on

including orientation training programme of Medical Officers and

II. Navajoti Scheme:

The Navajyoti scheme was launched in December 2005 in 14 districts