HOW DOES ASEAN PLUS THREE (CHINA,
JAPAN, S. KOREA) COOPERATION HELPED IN
THE CONFLICTS OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STATES’
APPROACH TO THE SOUTH CHINA SEA?
https://asean.org/storage/2016/01/Overview-
of-APT-Cooperation-Jul-2019_For-Web_Rev.pdf
Since then the APT framework has become an
important element for fostering East Asian
regionalism. The APT cooperation has
broadened and deepened to cover a wide range
of areas of political and security;
https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-
opinion/united-states/article/2158455/south-
china-sea-progress-between-china-and
China and the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations now have a single text to negotiate a
code of conduct in the South China Sea, where
four Asean member countries – Brunei,
Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam – are
locked in territorial disputes with Beijing. The
announcement, which came on Thursday during
the Asean-China ministerial meeting, was hailed
as a milestone by both sides.
China and Asean have worked to finalise a code
of conduct in the South China Sea since 2002.
The recent breakthrough may be the result of a
convergence of diplomatic and economic
factors. Beijing is fighting a trade war with the
US, and looking for ways to absorb the shock of
its conflict with Washington. In this respect, the
easing of tensions in the South China Sea with
its Southeast Asian neighbours could expedite
the signing of the Regional Comprehensive
Economic Partnership, a prospective regional
trade agreement it backs, which could mitigate
the risk of isolation for Beijing.
IF AN ORGANIZATION CONDUCT AN ELECTION,
HOW DOES ASEAN SELECT AND DETERMINE
THEIR SECRETARY GENERAL?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_Gen
eral_of_the_Association_of_Southeast_Asian_N
ations
The Secretary General of the Association of
Southeast Asian Nations is appointed by the
ASEAN Summit that elected from among
nationals of the ASEAN Member States based
on alphabetical rotation for a period of five
years.
the Chairmanship of ASEAN shall rotate
annually, based on the alphabetical order of the
English names of Member States. A Member
State assuming the Chairmanship shall chair the
ASEAN Summit and related summits, the ASEAN
Coordinating Council, the three ASEAN
Community Councils, relevant ASEAN Sectoral
Ministerial Bodies and senior officials, and the
Committee of Permanent Representatives.
WHAT ECONOMIC CHALLENGES DOES ASEAN
MEMBERS FACED THEN AND NOW?
https://www.bi.go.id/en/publikasi/lain/artikel/
Documents/ed2257dd82014071a3cfbd331f9cd
e19131011_DrJPVerbiestOpportunitiesandchall
enges.pdf
Convergence of Economies
From the beginning, ASEAN believed that a
strong economic content in its geographic shell
would not only directly benefit the people of
Southeast Asia; it would also raise its members’
stake in the association and thus solidify their
commitment to regional peace and
cooperation.
A quarter of a century after its founding,
ASEAN’s members decided that economic
cooperation was not enough. They had to
integrate their markets if they were to achieve
economies of scale, cut costs, raise productivity,
and thus improve their competitiveness, attract
investments and create jobs. The Western
Europeans had recognized – and acted on – this
notion much earlier, some countries forming a
common market and others a free trade area.
Other regional associations were to do the
same, before or after ASEAN — in North
America, South America, Africa, the Persian
Gulf, and Central Europe.
However, tariff-cutting is not enough.
Competition is heating up. Global trade is being
freed. Continental-scale markets are opening up
and flexing their competitive muscles. Other
regions are fast integrating their economies.
ASEAN has to drop its non-tariff barriers fast.
Trade must be made not only freer but also
easier and cheaper. Customs procedures have
to be streamlined and cleaned up.