,

urit_I
What are methods to be adopted for volume
calculating?
- From cross-section
- From spot leve I
- From contours
2. Define analysis ofrates

Determination of rates of works from the quarities and cost of materiars and
labours required is termed as analysis ofrates

3. What.are the rnethods of estimate?

1. Detailed estimate
2. Abstract estimate
4. What are the types of estimate?

I Preliminary Estimate or Rough cost estimate

2. -Plinth area estimate
3. Cube Rate Estimate or Cubical Content Estirnate

4. Approximate Quamiry Method Estimate

5. Detailed Estimate or Item Rate Estimte

6. Revised Estimate

7. Supplementary Estimate And Revised Estimate.

8. Annual Repair or Maintenances Estinae
1

9. Supplementary Estimate

5. Briefly explain about preliminary Estimate.

The estimate which prepared usmg any rough method to get the
approximate cost
construction anticipated in a project is caned an approximate
or rough estimate. sirrce this
estimate is normally prepared io the preliminaryestimate.

6. Estimate the quantities ofbrickwork and plastering required in a wafl 4m rong 3m high and
30 cm thick calculate also the cost if the rae of brickwork is Rs.32.00 per cu.m and of
plastering is Rs. 8.50 per sq.m

Quantities of b,rickwork : [xBxH

j
 -n

(two faces) 3m
Quantity of plastdring

Cost of brickrvork:3.lj x i20'00

Cost ofPlastering
: 24x 8:50
Rs'204'00
+
Total cost =1152.00 204.00
= Rs'1356'00

*tTr:"iil;:'I;h quantities of worLs' item

wise unin
' provides the item u'ise
project/construction' is called
a
anticipated in there
rates and item nrise expenditure
detailed estimate'

8. Define Abstract estimate

of each
detailed The quantities and rates
final stagrc in a
This is the third and forrn Tho total
are now entered in an abstract
first two suiges'
item of work, anived in
the rates
the quantities and respective
cost of each item of work
is ** "'".*U by multiplying

9. Define quantitr:1t""_r-:'*a*"0
mentioned works
(taking ot
person who does the above
A qualified or exPerr
surveyor
squaring, abstracting and
billing) is called a quality

$((ffie thc duties of quantit/ surveyor'

gaking off' squaring' AbstracMg
ad tnlhncl
- Prcpariog bitt or quantities

*'-t-':''l-^-. durin!*ts: i
- hcFnrybills
'.EP,E,".'
forpartpaymentsatintervals
:- the
tha case of vaiiio 6tt"a a;rv tbe I
I
ffii8irr,l.." r* litr of adiustment in "se ' id
!'
execution of work I

a:

t J
I
 t87
t{. DelrneFloor area

i. II defined as covered area i.e plinth

area excluding area ofwalls (generally t0yo -
15 %) s,ls ofthe doors are
not incruded in floor area The floor
area of very storey shalr be
measured separately.

MD.fin" Carper area

This means area in a buding which is usefrr one i.e area

of drawing roonl dining
room bedroom etc. Areas of kitchens, staircase, storeq
verandahs, enhance hall,
balhroom, basement etc. are excluded.
It --
is generaliy yo to 6U/o
Jw'v
D-^--'4'tr 50 of theplinth area.
' l{. Derrneprinth area ''

II is defined area of a
building measured at fldor level. It is rneasured by taking
extemal dimensions excluding plinth
offset ifany-
20. 'rVhat are Jhe methods oftaking
out estimates?
Centre line method

;;T*":L,**r*' brrr u-t

Out to Out and in to in nrethod

Bay method, Service unit metbod

 He should have a through knowledge of the
construction procedure to be
adopted, the various items of works
rnvolved in the execution: and the
different materials to be used in the work.
. He should be able to prepare schedule to
be priced by render

12' The actual expenditure incurred

in the construction ofa schoor buitding whic'h
have a totar
length of main wans I40m is Rs.4-gTrakhs.Estimate
the approximate cost of a sim,ar
school building which wiII have l.g0m
Iength of main walls-
Toral expenditure = Rs.4,97,000 -
,.-
Total /ength of main walls : l40m
Rate perm length of main wall = 4,96000/140 : Rs_3550/_
Length of main walls in the proposed
building = lg0m
Approximare cost = 1g0 x 3550 = Rs.6,39,000/-
l3.Define estimate.

An estimate is a computation or carculation

ofthe quantities required and expenditure
likely to be incurred in the construction
of a work. The estimate is the probable cost of
a work and is determined theoretica,y by mathematicar
carcuration based on the prans and
drawing and current rates.

l4.Write the recommendation for degree ofaccuracy

in measurements.
. Dimensions ofworks shall be measured to
an accuracy of0.01 m
Thickness ofRC leqrks sha be 66asured
to an accuracy of0.0005 m
Areas ofworks shall be calculared tothe
nearest 0.0I m2
Volumes of work shelt [s cal6ulaled to the
nearest 0-01 m3
Volumes of q/ood shall be catculated to the
nearest 0.001 m3
22state the units of measurernent in mks for earth work d.p.c brick work and stone work (May^une

2oo9)

Earth work-cu.m

O.P.C - sq.m

Brick work- cu.m

' Stone work -cu.m
23stste the units of measurement in l6G for wood work , plasting and flooring (May[une2012)
I

Wood work -ru.m

Plastering - sq.m

Flooring - sq.m

24.what is schedule of rates? (Nov/dec 2O:.1)

Determination of rates of works from the qualities and cost of materials and labo'urs required is
schedule of rates

25.GiV€ the importance of estimatme ? (Nov/dec 2011)

Bdlore undertaking the cor5truction of a projecl it is necessary to know its probable cost which
is wo*ed out by estimating .An estimate is aaomputation or calculation ofthe quantities required and

expenditure likely to be incurred in the construation of a work

26.N.ame any four items come under painting in esQnating (Nov/dec 2O1Ol

Doors panelled,windorrvs panelled,cswindors glazed,windows bars.

27.what are the units of measurement for aoncrcb & roofing (Nov/edc 2O1O)

Lime concrete in foundation - cu,m

Lime concrete in roofterracing - sq.m

28.what is detailed estimat€ ? (Maylune 2OO9)

Approximate estimate may be prepared byvarious methods but accurai€ estirnate is prepared
by detailed estimate method -preparation of detailed estimate connists of workinB out the quantities of
different items ofwork and then working out the cost.

29.Mention the units of measur€ment for earth work excrvation foundation concrete Fteel
re i nforcement.

Earth work excavation - cu-m

Foundation in line concrete -sq.m

Foundation in cement concrete -cu-tn

Steel reinforceme n1 -QuintalT-

I
3o.write the difference b/w detailed estimate and abstract estimate.

Detailed estimate is the estimate ,which provides tlre item wise quantities of works,item wise
unit rates and item wise enpenditure is called a detailed estimate

Abstract estimate is the quantities and ralis of each item ofwork arrived in the first two stages
are entered in an abstract form
 gr&* u,,nJrl.l"-L,,},i Hfi- O,nahuruE* a
i"t ^ @
P-Jo"l- rA .^e!]*\'y.j* lD l,?n^^* i+o p",rLrA"' oo,
wHi.A b ,-d ",* * uh.ufr\,s . b" ni^i ^ a-
0^,y"1^Lr" olu &\JA"[b* lV * ]uo'*hta ^-)
1ry.^,\,1".. b,ilA h L. il{^" J ; W, ^C''''d"
( -ffi,:
rfi / ,.nt Ur* fil,^^^j. .tp* m
l-"

h^t)" g^a lo 'g*" 6"4*!r^}-., two 2^'4

15 t^m-lc

A;;"u* . ,n"r* .+b lL ^u,d" i F

-'&It1';''J Yn'lJs"
'o^r q ) *,;';$" ; luo"''lic'L tq
;!ffi WXh:& 9J,
J^^*--6 d .**o d1 ;$t-# #m
r:nar*,nfix^.{-

*^1 # y@ t^fr \^ailov^.,5*;*;-I^ h,-I'

rI
A"+"rQ- CPnl' :
---:-
;' fu^^tt ar rK-''

il* *r.^'[ U''u & a* ,uror'L i ' mil''t""^"

*J ffi; 4- tru -u'^'wl^l",.e-
,,*p.rlrL'., +
a^,| -r.-.!.* Jwr*ha. ltu s*'Em '+ 'uo*, " Y ^*
ffi."-ffi;HT-f
-,t^ ; ; &'^P'r'hd
nor-,:ml-
,t-q ,"HTJ
,,
n;h,
W*^;U ffh"""t-: I
{V
pwoxal^^ J,a+aitd 'o-*nok Cantn*t
Luor,L;r'
'P -o"t'
ff;
q,l^,tt*- ,+ h({'n"".,l- &*{'Y'['
"'w'tav^'h
lfr'#oul*"rJ; i': P@ i
,^A S^* Al"q)^' re
 Gnu*t ; -{.r*,J.cHrr
o ' ,E.nI"ir,
4- S-"^l p^,,6F C,,^r.*
elt t/1^

RadaTl"L

Doou
"^r\ ,iJora ,^rirt, Ar^^ll el**
(n
A*o!**
t t yr*dfu !^,,t
-Da,L,lr,n '"^d"
tL?hD }ta *fnry"*.5 y;u . u *
DdurD"n -- [x4$ tE"\^,* &
W, ,#? U.hf;rS_$jF
"UO
b,!.
 Jfu- aru" ( &g*f^L
Frt ,,
Qu,kor) -* Z , !-t, + f.
Il
^
lln /4
) ./t

41fi
'Maao*
* ilua,s,,* *rrp
^; 'tl
#^ ;
dL
Grr.U;J

^fl; #Ntril-? m,no4'ruffi*5

4*fi\ 4 "r!" Moao*l = [-, [- lli,;cle*u 4 *J
Prrlrlouon = 0'n*!*triu&'- 4*t'

d*M mffi?,Yt#;r*
fiJru;T,;ryJ*
P)"','+.,s-W

J{- $,**,-^*,y
m{: t m* fffift,
u)"^ N-ry'trtr
TK::,p;; $t;;t \^'# Wff
*ffi.yffi
,
$,ffi)- $--- siau
&- cls^e'
4** ?!'"'
*l;*h:ffif:$
K'c'c ^J R'g'r.,ro"-oe' :

R.r.". .^J
*1 [. *
R. e .uroxl4
t.,& on- $l-'a aC
lm'
* u**l'f^C, &\,u-nn, . {$**}'!*^' "u ^A
'; Ltr'rq
Juror^tll-rl':
N\L Co0'g,9-"tJ '

a'$\'*fi.ff *^^o'A u*nlz

,ffih
&"*m"I'{# *ln
Y.,-)m-^
4
^'* ^'s
A'Y2'Y,'**,,-
" -,!l
 Erl,.rLJe

*-..,j-: Exh'^dlz tkt- art,L**. -^J

ila,sh:r,;q. ,*;*) * o '1 3u )^-"1"'"4
tc,o! ilr+ b ,^g& +
aor* HI& *,Uk.
t^Lj.,,rot[ '*' uo' 9zc .r4
^) #
R,s. 8'5'P'^- o?'^'
f\aolarq t
:o = a t &,
t*r*: lft:,.-l;f;,
q,,,-f'd d^
a;-\ h P\"^l-A c+*S'o =-Xt#,,
4tp$rn
Crrv $ U:';,-u*.rd -- z.LrJ-ao.;
=- Ra . lrsd. oo -
Crrv
"f Rrar\ _ 24x&.rD

J"rr[ Ga'=h.r,
r. ;Iu^i:;:""
.oo
=R.r l3se
.

&ral"J yalvt{^ < u:o,-tt

a-- eLw,ob "l li

+"- lti lrtl,n *"4

fl{^r-I erhBn, .CnX)
;t.rur flaa- ^,\
\1
 "(D
,N fug,-il
$fu- m,.
0 luion = z t. h, o
' rs'" aLf.
, A,M!,, rlqr>oul ddr,L i Ao,yoa',* ,,ile. ; ;t ; Gf".[*J
,i' ,rr..* l.ri^[\ L,1 Jtr6g**. l.r^rh .r( tz
,f,-,_ rNz,r..r.

^r.L
L, rr.r bh&,$- I ,t-)^ '/J,0
X * V^aA\ 4 *"*ll

A-l*U + *A Maao,v.,.'I
= [-'., f vfkJn*n $*J
kiLL*- 4 urr
Po,l,,Iut, -- 0**! *
nD ou{ ofro,;p '. 1.,)']olo a,.ilf,"- 'L K'0 'c oL ft-
hlo\o f
R*. T,,:JT
I "i;fu1
^
; t;'
P"'
,k,f,f.i:
+"8" WN\
[" \ta 't 4"*
\u"-
\i"*t ; q",J- v6,;x,.a,L
iru*""*l yYtj*Hfr,*l*&-lrfil 6, I

YH:l
u,^" ['ffiu-
a-
tiu'
- M 'hnh-]?\#]
p[", ).1* Uteff
B+{L^ /ypN,t-
i
:

Y,,$Lrl" , Y--
/ L_ .,,1n a,,,,tQ
' $,^ffir
qr, H\ q" F#'q
-^ *tki&..u, 6*r}[
[^*]ffiffi,il;uo
['''Fx
3I,i*'$"^' = '

R'c'c' R'ts'1Pul.h:
^J .wrl. *1 l* ;^ 9*D+ ou $-'a akt
R.t ,^J R. e
rr.
".
n u;;'!rhu:
{r,tnrn[H/''t
N* JHtUh."51;,,*'-d
(J -x-t-^ '''-.'^-r-Pr -'

i"X#ffi-'s^tWrn* l't ,
\aol-ra;X t Ra. 8.s, Pr'" o?'^'
ql,^$\ d t^3* =::.T: *l:,":,xro =3L
.=
*.^-.q U P\"^f'*'fl C+*$"4 : Xlt#r,
('r,tv o[ Ur.,.u-o,L = !.rr-e*o.r; 4u!"1'
r

=-Ra,hsd.ro_-
brv tt
i

plarl-e,^.1 -
0 24x&'so
i

- K^' &k ''o

&l,t. &aLa.r I + p, . &\ .,o
I

-9&.oo I

- R^ .L3sb.oo I

"f"^. a- &UUJ €)ht,rk. 4 P<lv4

^ -j
{,"- rt frvu^ flaa- o^,\ arrtn *J
'Ll
?";f,€.hrro.Cnp
I

i
 $rti*" qS
di*e**ora-

.e P.L- (e'tq
o ?hfr l^'l-
.J
,JY
o q Pl;olr
at;
L q-t
an4 +'1
Jo c^.

&0 t^^,t bo*o

crw
{,*t,jr^or-{r"

tr 49&t^- -J
\ F: . 6.ooo *{
Pt * ^* Pudt
!a{.rrIa l^ailkJNtna+ *,) i.AI-A&^ 4 q*"nur'* '
&r",
a$.
&xc<prio' 4 .ru,-4 -,4. -fo+"!
q^.r^ti".
W,b:ud,ap i,4 t^ta^xj*,o t *'lls, o 'lon 4.2L \.zz-ca
-lr*- C-.^-ii ;t 4^-- horl lo. 0.Jo4) t.rry l' \FV o-J

p-\art> Vi"-L*IxX )c b'*c lo'&q

'4!Y
o- 4SFJ."}* 6r-:;l Y:f,
0'Ja,l
O,L
o- lL
o - 60 &.avi
n#v*,Tril**hixl, o- qf
o. qq
f.-o.r /.j1 6. g i, o.b I'
 dl.o 1
I
4et o,- o-l
wD{b ur*,!-^'fl
B Lpal,t Cl,ro['l a'sn, {t- o

OL""'r'^hf c v,G 4q.{s1,

r\ &a+A IYY"L
e& $.4"q
x Morml 4 t,id;4 E'stirwh' '
rldn}
0 q,r*u ,"?;;A"'i-'"'{'l'
Gl co,rrb.r 0n [kh.l .

E-x-'-3: ESItt^l.k
la
ffi-. ]rrrto[lzr't 50-
+* J"rrB- h*^rl 't,,,]d-;. &*^ E
'"^r\ /r4hn' 0

r{
Ro"rq a,r,Xh

4.oo* 6'o o.c

.fl*,t*C
Pto,r,t"
1.rcr^tY\ f,L t".*^&
6 V{}t fSo.r) .(.c.c

t'
{
+
A l"n 9'P'L'
e- C O,frl. f .-(r"* A.e

$- ooaa I'Z"n H.loq

.uo X ,.j,,,rj
i^rd'oL'dA t
.'.u;'.')iT | . oo rO X l'J1'"i
1.

C,k .r+ an A-a

^dl
 ll
tlr
,t
--{ r
:l--
r-i!
J!
4..

N
\"
6l c--
Tg
ct{ oo9hts/\
;t .r__et
tc
td
Fq {
".'l e-,/
s' :-sE
FEi-.=.=i.---. CO

\t 3
1,5 ' to F
; ,.I . FF
*' €-
t2F.E
S
sl) c4
c,
-o
F {s
---.--=.--__-_-
a o9
t,\
:1 tl
:JOE-.
F--t .QF
J ':- h ':- f
\y
s)
'8
o sJ
*)
._. ,=l J a
6
I
$
g
3
:
s rt
c :
I
t

t J n
'-
c ,
5=
A'.--ar9
E

t:
-+-

4
.E-
G(
+s
C>
o<f,
3
,z+e
++
-.<

$x
@
 \'. \'
c.- -I
Io &.4
ovt
I
_!
i3 6 * l:+\
.t 1t3"1
FC
;Jeq
^^E t\e .-
a
l -f.::-j!:+--'-'...
\T
S n t-,
.xsa FF
rffii
o

oa9 :- \
.)O U
0o =
E-
t'9 e
tiFFE F. E'. c
F
e\ r a &
*oo;;b ?, &
boi'l-
4,
J<'E\ -L

Db e
1o 0 t9 Fe.e FFG\
D
.9
L
49a,
i-*
i4 l^
-
\4
?si
-t- Jt-
r.l ..,1
l 4 I c.rJ d) d",i

ll r'l)trJs,r '' .F5,,

-\ltqI:: t

{
r9
,r=- ?J ")
.r! :. o
o

s-&$-f-
:)
tB .ol
S2
s

+:g-? t
{\ ad ixr{t ?_A F{ a€ rY
3i J9
f=\' 3 )

A
\
 CI .3tak lfic- udt^ d wa,xlanno,$ rn MqS S" ezaW aar,)r,
D. P.c . tntu-.,.,o^k a*d Al.,^a^ urrq
G,, ,4
& S* IT* ur,-r'fa "* "t^r,*"n*d ; Mrs $n *o'{ '-"Q,
Mt&,*J
,f.fifr;-*% ^-$

& Gt* ra $^p"tv^a a" eai;orli'*r &u.*9

6 ; Pri^L &aF h'-'9

?

Ilov [ -oo-o- o% rr

c ,dr& c. zclrr"0,. "F \a0;r l @'*'rJ

@ *ff""f t fni*o &aF / fut -'9
rio+ l;f*,s &"ts

0 k- vailou-aw-
wfl*f
6 h ^"i" "[
^e-ttu
a-io,, *i* !^rh ^u*nrY,r!
su]'rr-Jl!o- ** (
;F *e+* ."r0* th'&r'a'o ' + *e^i 3^.*-J
,9o"

\to- t"ru.^Jh 6,.+ tE r.Pqll

ub 40 o.. C^lu0Ju. lr\{-
qw",n[ & ^"L *1 *"].1"?

&u,",u["? a,ql
Tt - [Y,l#*#
K*&iuu N--S/-^ *," = ,-s"ox;fo =l.9kI
 YE
3Lo
=- z'12 r{')

"-- !,,1br.L
ifo'3Lc
.- 2'ag)(,o'Yo
?-92- Cu 'o '
=o'
 C

{.aa* fie ee^/v!- )a,de"

)k Cdtt. t<l"dtlA k- fr)1u* h ntrq- -lt.a- ;" e,;,aru;",

aL A"bpr,r E W d$e- fr *&ser, o" $crti^g< .

T=:": **:Y,? W f. or d;e,*^ttd *

csncrc)W
eArl,,, *- *
-|bt" 91xuffi)11
*n/\a- s,rurC" Iltqttrod ia t" fuXa- fiu. J,,a,A L*ajl^
/&d.b
d"A b *;a ^.d
" Dr e:oss u:a!* ""t +he @,&!-
h t@^ffiv
cDrfrL S -t 'n6 toaf& a^,a /*^E.L tiaJt^-trto-
-ffiu -tr*
#Fdt .c(dmn^rhr"caX
{"er\
" "r,r erffi*
dd-ot,ltnz cu,furk t":^,
y.rxr'";rs sonrue S* "rrferrfrr*dur-rz ar"A ** *"r"dilb^
a"A 1ila'rL
'

X fe&c J46 uxltb ailA t" -ffie, lrrffi." 6vte- bd#4

q Y! ,Y* {^* fiL %+" eg 4t^L tLni-t, e*
-Ihz. '
-tD-N*,
i^rrl*+W fi;" q,A t"^+* "ra
a$ +t^L "W %
tue_
%_r^ffi6l
le..uzrrofiriv,l**
-b aa cu&a
x Mn* eu 3,* +*ncu$
Yncut
I ft {*{44ry ?Y:Y'a}"d '
'
b4 oad- $cotf,I{t r- i .^ )- nnr)t' *oos*q ;14 bL+aYg^'
'u
[.pTt )r\^BlA w VtdcaJ, +^e eat't^ $'^\ ;..;;
r,*ffii; **- )tt.
b*nafrv d" t*
+t'a s
Pa;
^" *
*#.u
';tdta'ln*
T * ,Jl,'A to an-o u'#a JW . .t4

tr*trffi"-;*'m+ffy
,;- ,rtfr" "^(" I wot*.aL noru* * f*@%,: Y^
W;ilYffi',;;o*u:,
-;Jfu. "
:.^ - clo lar,fl+t" -
o *'*:,':; eLQ- l*wAlh)

'* '-
* CsW* LnJt )u'\+I^ J VYw;+*:
'**
*)%*,*
ry*:* #ffi"*rt
@fu'4$ .y '..
ce,tu
#a' tr*1
I*
D& co'c*tz
";,^Wu 1=m":_ffiffi
.o'.ru*
d'@;\
on dtn"pv +1

-
T\"ffniffi
--. ^, ,,.-oneb)

XX,:,;"'{; ;
[,bs* 1*_^-o_3,#:
j,ls 5'cta'ow "5
T; L E t uv,
rrr-r'rvr -
UncXrs . r g*- t- 'tt^
l^ o''
o.-
ca)^' aJ'^'12
t-,-
W- u'
..Ytaga
-rhi; mz+t^od
qdow t*t
 +"""1 6r
fu* ,q -htto 4tet i
$l.rv.
-ths cg Jr,- fru^ct^oy
bncnpfr-,
*" *u : $""-*1
s"brr"rt t"-. *
.,b,nitl" * lsu {<ot'^1 **b ',- $-*"{ .

* Foq 025.4cr!^ x 12.'Icr'/' x -T.6c_r.^ (to'\E,'xzy/,5 biCks, ane_

$xx -h +"U? :6.gscr,, o.r,rd -tuo o6tset =t2.1c,u .

6 ,4ort y &Ue.r/ rnz+h-oy W .i,sb^A

o$ l*+*rfwX
, aAA fie q*@E 'b ff tu
)r$h ,lv-TD--bN '
#
,irtbqgrt;ceA +rdt b{d *-1W \n 4ti" *fr,non
J% rmilx avz €*A-Jl{ d,cva-fi'"\ ';^ 4"L W *'*
#-d,i1 * *.1:us!-^bio.r-,6+it* gl^a- ,'e,udL 4<-a- cnqJLtL

nrr'@j.}< J-
*r( -eA 4n6;b f|ao 11rajt ,rrl,rril, Jb +.fur^
dl,to l*- ndlrA \"t 4
fi<panA 05b -0fi tooir ffieD-d- tts b^{*
V
6,
-t
l
*t
-,t

V -blxx . &nJ, irn-o- oilsn ud! @ be&A as.z%,.clLw

ftu^ vaf+^"a i ;-1171" aA a<r.,loE o,A )fuae L upcl,-*,ct
% a\ Ml, aru ''t\^;s Mlt+hDd ,*fik- ry,,.aA nb )sn waJlan
g+lu* unlL rna4l,'d. u
Scter,al ,J-+^".f .
rb+al J*ff+t l.rux[fu, &\ ar^A -*L^*
J^aL to lN-
Fir".i ffi!- -t6+aX cufu.t l-'\"s aaUo,
"$ $ ag-
*p, L% ,^4 *AalY -1^.;\ .sc,rva- kf" *-
zSatwo
pr"d",ti,-- "*4 &"*?. ad 4l^Lt^, # az V.,a_f;tL
b{ n^-ldft*A +t^-
o
the- .fo.lo.L
*, cu,b&ta" -unu >U 4h,e_
o
breailt" c\k^d 4he-
o
An 4lu* M21no1r+ql
6-
e;reauo*ta^ ri" .{d*d.trx
ff" d/t *otk5 q,\a
)1+)€tr"te tohs^ -fuetL co<L

Xliu,6 t$a-+t^A J", ly:* ,a*

arri c^r,;^a...fr., at'th4 nut&+svlo t
Ir^t^{ff;* ,, els,S unlL8. eLc .
!"c'rr,y{u*.- ci{&^f4l "f"tflA.*I c hzxaasvg.t
l,,llArh4 *a^ir,*\t ,r. :^tr4r, 6.t C,tDg LoailL,""L
/"'.,APl9
"l^rfr-
Et J",,lUr^+ *rr,;n 93 or pa,+,ft; kl4r,t:_ {i.1-
a->/o

@\ -d'r,*,A.,
t X")^{ifii, o, onn'*s twUs u;lh k;^
uhAs- B'pr""frl Ct^;ir,rtr",* ,",?^oll *ate- *o b uafu,-b

W
 breaA'lt^ Lr-x y2 = &ts
+" .t- tr-,r".d*rl

t* t.rq 4rr^r-f".*
ef Er LtiiHr-( dWo^^E *fa et untJr, oaxr^ ,r<.t
Nn
WalJs /?8^aL1. -lr,."e t" @ dea|y /s?ar,;rf-el\.
*
rirvJ +te. t-il- c4rrt{, lW *" W
*aU unbtL
*
a'ra -?DcaaA r)^ 'lhe- .gme- Nwttvo.t a, de c;lRA
61YotP -

* J"\i, S urall6 *
Bl,i\ar,i< , W -fl^a- /cohoL cilrt4
,y-c^/1A
4W "^a deal fi^;, *fe\,..A so 6h-
Tvr 1lt-a- calE cfiabtlUr,iU -A-"rq-t A;#tu*,b
u&l)L, tulPs 'tc^e- &&A cw"rl,^l*.rr" .r* os" W *
A
W tuA i,,frn e-...nreo u:ll.l,.a a,lo. * BhW att\pA
,iott^ X-tt bz 'JAxs* tr W ,a^A -\ta/^, aN
ts W toa.ttr ,t\dl b fufu,- 4dlqt"
 b r\r."A!,
W
e@ a%b
:K.ft trlur( lae noto.d ltwt a* convltL S +g.r- bnlari'Xs
\Db,Dr!- .1{ro un)l,t axz -r*^fl ttn 2,ub<lrur}js, et
ildltt* ;
.X vrlhrr, -fftttts, ata s,lfo- !4.
* $-di^fl * 11^o

W {"dH^fl A fi b- drfs"$;,*a ru ApAr"fr,^{

W
W "=tr'^c,t.tw *{o^ +ho- folal Cil'h; 1';a,
lrll6tv' + +ha sub@%rut
,firrDr^q%
h &"*
$$*tc 'di:,"ab:," 6 4aa-
-lr;,y.114
 "s $1 uU).
r & # u."l
tt)
Qi)
t,i)
(i, p*r* oo,A *#*" '

DeolD -?. No^ 1.9-Afi'f,2.%9

&N0A -
o - lero l l' -l'uo
trr,ioAo*a

[, R.o-.c *ry^t 6 1.,r+'at"t''

6vJlt noorvs f 'o f,14'Jtx

o .r2-
= 4.L+"f
_6 r,
5'o3
o.l2- =.
q-{ r z-ls4
orrr wr-nlJ -_-----------
= l.ut #
R-c-c- w giol-qla :

o'18-'nJ
<=- -
*'---'----------
A'o"a
r
o ' CYo'3Io'L
rfi'Sx o-'3 =
a,'-q
''r'r
= o'5&
t"fif* *tl'2-x6'3z.o'2'
2'$l'2-6o'2-!(tr'2 =&
6\":t /s\"l'i,-
R...".;,5..r : Lyr.zXo.\roo.or = b.r9.,3
A-A0o
n"I.[ =- 7- t t)'4'*L.|_o'l! s ?-u't#
-
$, $q6l-ar"*1
' $r+.ornla .
(,,' .. L
11o'(b "t
to =-
0 urqllA 3o' kA 3' -- L-2 s 'w
A*U"l A*t z- t r''1:-'r-
A'l-"4+ Pj# $ito'QYtlt = :? l:*
ac
l-
, 2-? m

.--i.-
 l""t

.a--r.k #

U ?.t.c. ; {-"*UQn :

Io"rt 2-?t1' t X" '1 * u'J * <'- b2- rt)

"-lt 2-?03'lls'I n''? ;O-?V
,l*r,.,"n -2 =-11:
lr tr I xz'\ xo'6 Ftt

F:rt Pi\\at'a
g-xo '1 J.'1rJ-
T o-q no.J
| ->c
Qi, *-
*" dl";E ptqshr ' .
,/' -------------i
7.tgi
0 .|-rl
:..-,.'-d -7
'I rr"1
fr-00rrr6 L1,.2-3 6L
ouA ur"^,Jre 9-t n,-+ 2-! .7y
-t-
s-2.11 ,r---

L
 r5'
gq-o
r-d b2*X*Oonb'
z'r\o"
Lo
.o
.r1lr rounsrrtoi 3ourPl o-ooors-rro t rr! " \/,
lECtrori tl.rata. rD r{_rrfioosr_r0t ta0
ta€rY€!, - tor rr0
,i €^t-rocr.

.#
rt:Er -!t cB lrL okErloxr !E {.lxrE €iair

PLAN
t- \o r.'
Fiq
"
I ur^
,r\({/1 o6o