Modelling and Simulation

of Lithium-Ion Batteries

by Pampana Rama Sai

 ❏ Design and development of a
Problem
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack.
Statements ❏ Performing full cyclic testing to
effectively characterize the health of
lithium ion battery.
❏ Analysis of Charge-Discharge cycles
using Electronic Load Tester.
❏ A complete mathematical simulation
of charge transfer of Lithium-Ion
Battery.
Thermal Runaway ❏ Thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery
initiates an unstoppable chain reaction.
❏ Monitoring of the battery cell is crucial, as
thermal runaway is created here and can
spread to other battery cells, the entire
battery, and finally the entire electric car or
electric tool due to a domino effect.
❏ To minimize the risk of thermal runaway, the
mechanical and thermal stability of the
battery must be guaranteed which is ensured
by appropriate monitoring mechanisms of
the battery cells and the battery pack.
 Authentic Samsung 30Q
Battery Cell
(A-Grade 18650 Battery)
Specifications

➢ Model: INR18650-30Q
➢ Manufacturer: Samsung
➢ Country of Origin: South Korea
➢ Chemistry: INR/NCA
➢ Max. continuous discharge current: 15A
➢ Nominal capacity: 3000mAh
➢ Nominal voltage: 3.6 V
➢ Charging voltage: 4.20 +/- 0.05 V
Battery Cells
Arrangement ❏ The P-count determines the capacity of the
pack in Amp-hours (Ah), and it also
determines the amount of current the pack
will be able to produce, measured in amps.
❏ If you take several cells and connect their
same-type electrodes in parallel, they all
will act as though they are one large cell.
❏ When you connect cells together in series,
it doesn’t change the amps or the capacity,
it only raises the voltage of the pack.
❏ Hooking them up in series means that you
connect the positive end of one cell (or
P-group) to the negative end of the other.
Battery ❏ The battery management system ensures
Management that the battery remains in its specified
working range.
System ❏ This requires extremely precise
measurement of the charge and discharge
currents, cell voltage, and temperature.
❏ As soon as the thermal runaway is
triggered in the shortest possible time and
can then no longer be stopped, fast and
precise measurements are decisive for the
lithium-ion battery structure in addition
to comprehensive thermodynamics
know-how.
BMS Harness
Specifications
➢ Charging voltage: 48V
➢ Charging current: 56 A
➢ Continuous discharge current: 15 A
➢ Over current protection: 50/55/60 A
➢ Over current protection delay: 20/25/30
mS
➢ Single section power consumption since:
30uA
➢ Single section discharge detection voltage:
2.75-2.85V
➢ Over discharge recovery voltage:
3.90-4.20V
A basic BMS wiring scheme for a 7S Pack
 ❏ Components
Plan Of Action

❏ Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

❏ Simulations in COMSOL
 [1] A critical review of thermal management models and
References solutions of lithium-ion batteries for the development of
pure electric vehicles.Qian Wang, Bin Jiang, Bo Li, Yuying Yan
n Fluids & Thermal Engineering Research Group, Faculty of
Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK.[2014]

[2] A review of power battery thermal energy management

Zhonghao Rao, Shuangfeng Wang∗
Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy
Conservation of the Ministry of Education, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.[2011]

[3] Thermal performance of lithium-ion battery thermal

management system by using mini-channel cooling
Zhen Qian, Yimin Li, Zhonghao Rao School of Electric Power
Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology,
XuZhou 221116, China.[2016]
[4] Thermal issues about Li-ion batteries and recent
progress in battery thermal management systems: A
review Huaqiang Liua, Zhongbao Weib, Weidong Hec,
Jiyun Zhaoa,⁎
a)Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue,
Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
b) Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
c) School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of
Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan
611731, PR China.[2017]