UNIVERSITY OF

PERPETUAL HELP
SYSTEM DALTA

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Impacts
of super-typhoon
Yolanda on
Philippine reefs
and communities

Submitted by:
Manalili, Ma. Naomie D.
11 STEM 7
Submitted to:
Ms. Odessa Gutlay
 UNIVERSITY OF
PERPETUAL HELP
SYSTEM DALTA

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anticamara & Go ( 2017 ) Impacts of super-typhoon Yolanda on Philippine

reefs and communities, retrieved from https://link.springer.com

Regional environmental change 17 (3), 703-713, 2017

The two authors presents the impact of super-typhoon Yolanda on coral

reefs of Eastern Samar, Philippines, and evaluates its implications on resource
management in the area. According to them, Coral reefs suffer regular impacts of
typhoons, and they realized that nowadays, typhoons are stronger in magnitude,
longer in duration, more frequent in occurrence, and larger in scale. Thus, there is
a great need to understand the impacts and consequences of super-typhoons on
reefs and the coastal communities. Yolanda is the strongest recorded typhoon to
make a landfall. Here is the first account of Yolanda’s impacts on corals and
benthic organisms, reef fish, and fisheries production. There study sites covered
Lawaan, Balangiga, Giporlos, Quinapondan, Salcedo, and Guiuan in Eastern
Samar, Philippines—municipalities that were greatly damaged by Yolanda. To
quantify the impacts of Yolanda on coral reefs, they compared coral cover and
diversity, and fish abundance, biomass, and diversity between sites before and
after Yolanda. They found that some reef areas were completely wiped out by
Yolanda (i.e., the shallow branching reefs), but other reef sites were only partially
damaged. The extent of damages depends on reef locations relative to Yolanda’s
trajectory, depth, coral species composition, and reef condition prior to Yolanda.
They also found that most reefs in the area are already suffered degradation prior
to Yolanda (i.e., due to overfishing, destructive fishing, and siltation from land).
They realized that active coral restoration, reduction in fishing effort, diversification
of economic activities, and effective management of no-take marine reserves
should play key roles in the recovery of resources and human lives in these
devastated areas.
 UNIVERSITY OF
PERPETUAL HELP
SYSTEM DALTA

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

CULMINATING PERFORMANCE TASK IN EARTH SCIENCE:

ANNOTATED BIBILIOGRAPHIES

Manalili, Ma. Naomje D. SECTION: 11STEM 7

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

Assessment Rubric for Annotated Bibliography

5 4 3 2 1
CATEGORY

Variety of Excellent Good Adequate Poor variety No variety of

Sources variety of variety of variety of of sources; sources; cited
sources; sources; sources; cited cited two only one
cited at cited four three sources. sources. source.
least 5 sources.
sources.
=1o

Quality All sources Most Some sources Few sources Little or no

/Reliability of cited can be sources can be cited can be reliable
Sources considered cited can be considered considered and/or
reliable considered reliable reliable trustworthy
and/or reliable and/or and/or sources cited.
(Each annotation trustworthy. and/or trustworthy. trustworthy.
will be rated.) trustworthy.

= 5 x 5 = 25

Writing All Most Some Most All

fluency of annotations annotations annotations annotations annotations
annotations are well are well are well are lacking in are lacking in
written. written. written but completeness, completeness,
(Each annotation some are thought, thought,
will be rated.) lacking in and/or and/or
completeness, writing writing
=5 x 5 = 25 thought, and quality. quality.
 UNIVERSITY OF
PERPETUAL HELP
SYSTEM DALTA

/or writing
quality.

APA and Citations There are a There are There are There is little
are few some many and/or or no
Documentation formatted formatting formatting frequent adherence to
correctly in errors in the errors in the formatting APA format
the document’s document’s errors in the in the
document. citations. citations. document’s document.
citations.

(Each annotation
will be rated.)

=5 x 5 = 25
Total : 85 points

 CATEGORY 1 ___
 CATEGORY 2 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 CATEGORY 3 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 CATEGORY 4 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

TOTAL: _________