These should be as simple as conditions allow.

Stock items are used wherever

possible, especially for piping held from above. To support piping from below,
supports are usually made to suit from plates, pipes and pieces of structural steel.
Following hardware is used to create supports.

1. Rest Support: The weight of the piping is usually carried on supports made
from structural steel, or steel and concrete.
Saddle: It is a welded attachment for pipe requiring insulation, and subject to
longitudinal or rolling movement (resulting from temperature changes other
than climatic). Saddles may be used with guides.
Pipe Support Brackets:
This arrangement can carry a load up to 1,000 kgs (2,200 lbs). If the structure is
made of concrete, a steel plate is embedded in it. You can support a pipe 1
meter away, and its size is up to 125 mm (5") NB from the structure, with 150
mm (6") Channel, welded to the steel plate. If pipe size is more than that, 250
mm (10") Channel is welded to the steel plate. In case support such as U bolt,
U clamp or shoe are there with this support, dimension A may be changed as
required, case by case.
This arrangement can carry a load up to 1,500 kgs (3,300 lbs). If the structure is
made of concrete, a steel plate is embedded in it. You can support a pipe 1
meter away, and its size is up to 125 mm (5") NB from the structure, with 150
mm (6") Channel, welded to the steel plate. If pipe size is more than that, 250
mm (10") Channel is welded to the steel plate. An additional channel is welded
below the channel. In case support such as U bolt, U clamp or shoe are there
with this support, dimension A may be changed as required, case by case.
Pipe Support Brackets: These are made of 100 x 100 x 8 (4" x 4" x 1/4")
Angle. The type depends on the number and size of pipes to be supported. It is
welded at the top to a steel structure.
Pipe Support Bracket from Pipe 3" through 24":
2. Hanger Support: It is a device which suspends piping (usually a single line)
from structural steel, concrete or wood. These are generally adjustable for
height.
Pipe Hanger Support for Bare / Insulated pipe 1/2" through 24": A pipe
clamp is tied around the pipe. It is supported from a beam. The height from the
beam is adjusted by a turn buckle.
3. Anchor Support: A rigid support which prevents transmission of movement
(thermal, vibratory etc.) along piping. Construction may be from steel plate,
brackets, flanges, rods, etc. Attachment of anchors to pipe should preferably
encircle the pipe and be welded all around as this gives better distribution of
stress in the pipe wall.
Anchor for Bare Pipe 2" through 24" (For Offsite)
 4. Dummy Leg Support: In this an extension piece (of pipe or rolled steel
section) is welded to an elbow in order to support the line. This part rests or
anchors on some steel member.
Dummy Pipe Support for Bare pipe 2" through 24": This is provided on
elbow. It is made of pipe of same material. Pipe is covered at the end with a
cap. A hole is drilled in cap. It is supported on structure.
Dummy Pipe Support for Insulated pipe 2" through 24": This is for
insulated pipe. A shoe of same size is provided on dummy leg.

5. Guide: This allows a pipe to move along its length. The pipe cannot move
sideways.
Low support Guide and Cross Guide for Bare and Insulated Pipe 2"
through 36":
6. Shoe: It is a piece of metal attached to the underside of a pipe, which rests on
supporting steel. It is primarily used to reduce wear from sliding for lines
subject to movement. It permits insulation to be applied to pipe.
Pipe for Hot Insulated Alloy/SS Pipe 2" through 8" up to 400o C:

7. Slide Plate: In this two slide plates of graphite, teflon or some special
materials, fixed to steel plates, are fixed to the flat surface of the pipe support.
These plates are faced for low friction able to withstand mechanical stress and
temperature changes.

8. Sway Brace: This is also called as sway arrestor. It is essentially a helical

spring in a housing which is fitted between piping and a rigid structure. Its
function is to buffer vibration and sway.

Pipe Span

Maximum Spacing between Pipe Supports: The locations of piping supports are
dependent upon four factors: pipe size, piping configuration, locations of Valves and
fittings, and the structure available for support. Individual piping materials have
independent considerations for span and placement of supports.
Pipe size relates to the maximum allowable span between pipe supports. Span is a
function of the weight that the supports must carry. As pipe size increases, the weight
of the pipe also increases. The amount of fluid which the pipe can carry increases as
well, thereby increasing the weight per unit length of pipe.
The configuration of the piping system affects the location of pipe supports. Where
practical, a support should be located adjacent to directional changes of piping.
Otherwise, common practice is to design the length of piping between supports equal
to, or less than, 75% of the maximum span length where changes in direction occur
between supports. Refer to the appropriate piping material chapters for maximum
span lengths.
Valves require independent support, as well as meters and other miscellaneous
fittings. These items contribute concentrated loads to the piping system. Independent
supports are provided at each side of the concentrated load.
Location, as well as selection, of pipe supports is dependent upon the available
structure to which the support may be attached. The mounting point shall be able to
accommodate the load from the support. Supports are not located where they will
interfere with other design considerations. Some piping materials require that they are
not supported in areas that will expose the piping material to excessive ambient
temperatures. Also, piping is not rigidly anchored to surfaces that transmit vibrations.
In this case, pipe supports isolate the piping system from vibration that could
compromise the structural integrity of the system.
Spacing is a function of the size of the pipe, the fluid conveyed by piping system, the
temperature of the fluid and the ambient temperature of the surrounding area.
Determination of maximum allowable spacing, or span between supports, is based on
the maximum amount that the pipeline may deflect due to load. Typically, a deflection
of 2.5 mm is allowed, provided that the maximum pipe stress is limited to 1,500 psi or
allowable design stress divided by a safety factor of 415, whichever is less. Some
piping system manufacturers and support system manufacturers have information for
their products that present recommended spans in tables or charts. These data are
typically empirical and are based upon field experience.
Pipe Support Spans