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PROGRAMMED I/O
Faculty of Computer and Mathematics, Uitm Cawangan Melaka
DEFINITION
It is implicated to data transfers that are initiated by a CPU, under driver software control to access registers or memory
on device (Directly controlled CPU)
With it, data are exchanged between the processor and the i/o module. The processor executes a program that gives it
direct control of the i/o operation (including sensing device status, sending a read or write command and transferring
data)
Advantage
Simple to implement
Very little hardware
Busy waiting Memory ADRESSING
support
Ties CPU for long Mapped I/O I/O DEVICES
Isolated I/O
period with no useful
work
Disadvantage
ISOLATED I/O
It has common bus(data and address) for I/O and memory but separate read and write control lines for I/O. So when CPU
decode instruction then if data is for I/O then it places the address on the address line and set I/O read or write control
line on due to which data transfer occurs between CPU and I/O. As the address space of memory and I/O is isolated and
the name is so. The address for I/O here is called ports. Here we have different read-write instruction for both I/O and
memory.
Error Condition
CPU - I/O I/O - CPU I/O - CPU CPU - Memory
Issue read
Read status of I/O Read word from Write word into
command Check Status
module I/O module memory
to I/O module Ready
Not ready
Not done?
Done