PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]

1 Electrical Engineering
.General Aptitude.

Q.1 to Q.5 Carry one mark each

Question 1
The passengers were angry _______ the airline staff about the delay.
(A) about (B) towards (C) with (D) on
Ans. (C)
Question 2
I am not sure if the bus that has been booked will be able to _______ all the students.
(A) accommodate (B) sit (C) deteriorate (D) fill
Ans. (A)
Question 3
Newspapers are a constant source of delight and recreation for me. The _______ trouble is that I read
_______ many of them.
(A) only, quite (B) even, too (C) only, too (D) even, quite
Ans. (C)
Question 4
It takes two hours for a person X to mow the lawn. Y can mow the same lawn in four hours. How long (in
minutes) will it take X and Y, if they work together to mow the lawn?
(A) 60 (B) 80 (C) 90 (D) 120
Ans. (B)
1
Sol. X can mow the lawn  2 hours  X ' s 1 hour work 
2
1
Y can mow the lawn  4 hours  Y ' s 1 hour work 
4
1 1 3
( X  Y ) ' s  1 hour work     
2 4 4
1 4 4
Total time required   hours   60 min  80 min
3 3 3
 
4
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 5
The missing number in the given sequence 343, 1331, _______, 4913 is
(A) 4096 (B) 2744 (C) 2197 (D) 3375
Ans. (C)
Sol. 343  73
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
2 Electrical Engineering
1331  113
2197  133
4913  173
[Since 7, 11, 13, 17  Prime number series].
Hence, the correct option is (C).
Q.6 to Q.10 Carry two marks each
Question 6
Given two sets X = {1, 2, 3} and Y = {2, 3, 4}, we construct a set Z of all possible fractions where the
numerators belong to set X and the denominators belong to set Y. The product of elements having
minimum and maximum values in the set Z is _______.
(A) 1/8 (B) 3/8 (C) 1/12 (D) 1/6
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given : Two sets X  {1, 2, 3} and Y  {2, 3, 4}
Therefore, set of all possible fractions
1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3
Z  , , , , , , , , 
2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
Where the numerators belongs to set X and the denominators belong to set Y.
1 1 1 2 2 3 2 3 3
Z= , , , , , , , ,
4 3 2 4 3 4 2 3 2

0.2 1.5
Minimum Maximum
1 3 3
 The required product   
4 2 8
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 7
The ratio of the number of boys and girls who participated in an examination is 4 : 3. The total percentage
of candidates who passed the examination is 80 and the percentage of girls who passed is 90. The
percentage of boys who passed is _______.
(A) 90.00 (B) 80.50 (C) 55.50 (D) 72.50
Ans. (D)
Sol. Given : Ratio of number of boys to girls who participated in the examination  4 : 3
Let, total students participated in the examination  4 x  3 x  7 x
Given, total percentage of passing candidates  80%
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
3 Electrical Engineering
80
Total number of students passed in the examination  7 x   5.6 x
100
And the percentage of girls who passed in the examination  90%
90
i.e., number of girls who passed  3 x   2.7 x
100
 Number of boys who passed in the examination  5.6 x  2.7 x  2.9 x
2.9 x
 Required percentage of passed boys  100  72.50
4x
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 8
Consider five people – Mita, Ganga, Rekha, Lakshmi and Sana. Ganga is taller than both Rekha and
Lakshmi. Lakshmi is taller than Sana. Mita is taller than Ganga.
Which of the following conclusions are true?
1. Lakshmi is taller than Rekha
2. Rekha is shorter than Mita
3. Rekha is taller than Sana
4. Sana is shorter than Ganga
(A) 2 and 4 (B) 1 only (C) 1 and 3 (D) 3 only
Ans. (A)
Sol. From the given information, we can draw as follows
Mita

Ganga

Rekha and Lakshmi

Sana
There is no information about who is taller between Rekha and Lakshmi.
So option A is false ; options B, C and D are true.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 9
How many integers are there between 100 and 1000 all of whose digits are even?
(A) 90 (B) 100 (C) 80 (D) 60
Ans. (B)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
4 Electrical Engineering
Sol. Integers between 100 and 1000 all of whose digits are even  100
Since, 100  199  No integers
200  300  25 integers
[200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 240, 242, 246, 248, 260, 262, 264, 266, 268, 280, 282,
284, 286, 288].
Similarly, 400  500  25 integers
600  700  25 integers
800  900  25 integers
Total  100 integers
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 10
An award-winning study by a group of researchers suggests that men are as prone to buying on impulse
as women but women feel more guilty about shopping.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the given text?
(A) All men and women indulge in buying on impulse
(B) Some men and women indulge in buying on impulse
(C) Few men and women indulge in buying on impulse
(D) Many men and women indulge m buying on impulse
Ans. (B)

.Technical Part.

Q.1 to Q.25 Carry one mark each

Question 1
If f  2 x 3  3 y 2  4 z , the value of line integral  C grad f  dr evaluated over contour C formed by the
segments ( 3,  3, 2)  (2,  3, 2)  (2, 6, 2)  (2, 6, 1) is _______.
Ans. (139)
Sol. Given f  2 x3  3 y 2  4 z
f f f
 grad f  aˆ x  aˆ y  aˆ z
x y z
grad f  6 x 2 aˆ x  6 yaˆ y  4aˆ z …(i)
Given line integral can be evaluated in three parts
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
5 Electrical Engineering
2, 3, 2 2, 6, 2 2, 6, 1

 grad f  drˆ   3, 3, 2

grad f  drˆ  
2, 3, 2
grad f  drˆ  
2, 6, 2
grad f  drˆ

For line (3,  3, 2) to (2,  3, 2), we have to move along x-axis, so drˆ  dx aˆ x
 grad f .drˆ  (6 x 2 aˆ x  6 yaˆ y  4aˆ z )  dxaˆ x  6 x 2 dx
2
2
 x3 
       3   2 8  27   70
2
grad f ˆ
dr 6 x dx 6
(1) 3   3
For line (2, –3, 2) to (2, 6, 2), we have to move along y-axis, so d rˆ  dy aˆ y

 grad f  d rˆ  (6 x 2 aˆ x  6 y aˆ y  4 aˆ z )  dy aˆ y  6 y dy
6
6
 y2 
 (2) grad f  ˆ
dr  3 6 y dy  6  2   3[36  9]  81
  3
For line (2, 6, 2) to (2, 6, –1), we have to move along z-axis, so drˆ  dz aˆ z
 grad f  drˆ  (6 x 2 aˆ x  6 y aˆ y  4 aˆ z )  dz aˆ z  4dz
1
  grad f  d rˆ   4 dz  4[ z ]
1
2  4  (3)  12
(3) 2

  grad f  d rˆ   grad f  d rˆ   grad f  d rˆ   grad f  d rˆ

(1) (2) (3)

 grad f  d rˆ  70  81  12  139
Question 2
Which one of the following functions is analytic in the region z  1 ?

z2 1 z2 1 z2 1 z2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
z  j 0.5 z  0.5 z2 z
Ans. (C)
z2  1
Sol. (i)
z  j 0.5
iy
z-plane
1
x
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
6 Electrical Engineering
The pole is lying at z   j 0.5 and the point z   j 0.5 lies inside the given contour. Hence the
function f ( z ) is not analytic in the given contour z  1 .

z2  1
(ii)
z  0.5
iy
z-plane
1
x

The pole is lying at z  0.5 and the point z  0.5 lies inside the given contour. Hence the function
f ( z ) is not analytic in the given contour z  1 .

z2  1
(iii)
z2
iy
z-plane

z 1

The pole is lying at z   2 and the point z   2 lies outside the given contour. Hence the function
f ( z ) is analytic in the given contour z  1 .

z2  1
(iv)
z
iy
z-plane

The pole is lying at z  0 and the point z  0 lies inside the given contour. Hence the function f ( z )
is not analytic in the given contour z  1 .
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
7 Electrical Engineering
Question 3
a1s 2  b1s  c1
A system transfer function is H ( s )  . If a1  b1  0 and all other coefficients are positive,
a2 s 2  b2 s  c2
the transfer function represents a
(A) band pass filter (B) high pass filter (C) low pass filter (D) notch filter
Ans. (C)
a1s 2  b1s  c1
Sol. Given, H (s) 
a2 s 2  b2 s  c2
if a1  b1  0 and all other coefficient are positive.
c1
H (s) 
a2 s  b2 s  c2
2

For frequency response analysis,

c1
H ( j) 
 a2   jb2   c2
2

put   0
c1 c
H (0)   1
a2  0  b2  0  c2 c2
c1
H (0) 
c2
H ( j)
C1
C2

c1
H ( )  0
a2    b2    c2
2

H ( s ) follows the characteristics of low pass filters.

a1s 2  b1s  c1
 H (s)  with a1  B1  0
a2 s 2  b2 s  c2
is low pass filter.
Question 4
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
8 Electrical Engineering
The symbols,  and T, represent positive quantities, and u (t ) is the unit step function. Which one of the
following impulse responses is NOT the output of a causal linear time-invariant system?
(A) e at u (t ) (B) e  a (t T )u (t ) (C) e  a (t T )u (t ) (D) 1  e  at u (t )
Ans. (D)
Sol. For a causal system, impulse response must be zero for t  0 , i.e.
h(t )  0 for t  0
For option (D)
h(t )  1  e  at u (t )
As this impulse response exist also for t  0 (due to constant form 1), hence the system represented by
this impulse response is not causal.
So, the correct option is (D).
Question 5
The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
 e 0.25 s
G ( s)  .
s
In G ( s ) plane, the Nyquist plot of G ( s ) passes through the negative real axis at the point
(A)  0.75, j 0 (B) 1.5, j 0 (C) 1.25, j 0 (D)  0.5, j 0
Ans. (D)
 e  0.25 s  e  j 0.25 
Sol. Given G ( s )  G ( j) 
s ( j)
To find the intersection of Nyquist plot with negative real axis, we will have to find the phase cross over
frequency.
G ( j)   900  0.25  57.30 
At    pc , G ( j)  1800

  900  14.325   1800

 90
   1800
14.325

G ( j) 

 3.14
 G ( j)      0.5
pc
 pc 6.28
Hence point of intersection on negative real axis is ( 0.5, j 0)
So, the correct option is (D).
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
9 Electrical Engineering
Question 6
The current I flowing in the circuit shown below in amperes (round off to one decimal place) is _______.
I 2W 3W

20 V 2A 5I

Ans. (1.4)
Sol. Given circuit is shown in figure,
I 2W 3W

20 V 2A 5I
2A

Applying KVL in the loop shown,

 20  2 I  3( I  2 A)  5 I  0
 10 I  14
 I  1.4 A
Question 7
M is a 2  2 matrix with eigenvalues 4 and 9. The eigenvalues of M 2 are
(A) 16 and 81 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 4 and 9 (D) – 2 and – 3
Ans. (A)
Sol. From the properties of Eigen values, if 1 ,  2 ,..... m are Eigen values of matrix M, then
(1 ) n , ( 2 ) n ,......( m ) n will be Eigen values of matrix M n .
Given Eigen values of matrix M are 4 and 9. So, Eigen values of M 2 will be (4) 2 and (9) 2 .
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 8
In the circuit shown below, the switch is closed at t = 0. The value of  in degrees which will give the
maximum value of DC offset of the current at the time of switching is
R = 3.77Ω L = 10 mH
t=0
v(t ) = 150sin(377t + q)

(A) – 30 (B) – 45 (C) 90 (D) 60

PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
10 Electrical Engineering
Ans. (B)
Sol. This question is taken from the topic 3 short circuit in transmission line.
We know that,
Vm V
i (t )  sin(t    0)  m sin(0  )e  t / 
z z
   
Steady state part DC offset current

Vm
iDC  sin(  )e t / 
z

Vm
At t  0 , iDC  sin(  )
z

sin(  )  1

  …(i)
2
L
  tan 1
R
377 10 103
1
  tan 1
3.77
  tan 1 1  450
From equation (i),
 
 
4 2
 
 
4 2

 or  450
4
Question 9
0 1 1 
The rank of the matrix, M  1 0 1  , is _______.
1 1 0 

Ans. (3)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
11 Electrical Engineering
0 1 1 
Sol. M  1 0 1 
1 1 0 
M  0  1(0  1)  1(1  0)  1  1  2
As determinant value of 3  3 matrix of matrix is non zero.
Hence, rank of the matrix is 3.

Question 10
The mean-square of a zero-mean random process is kT/C, where k is Boltzmann’s constant. T is the
absolute temperature, and C is a capacitance. The standard deviation of the random process is
kT kT C kT
(A) (B) (C) (D)
C C kT C
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given mean square value
kT
E[ x 2 ] 
C
Mean E[ x]  0

Hence, variance,  x2  E[ x 2 ]   E[ x]

2

kT
 x2 
C
kT
 Standard derivation,   Variance 
C
Question 11
The Ybus matrix of a two-bus power system having two identical parallel lines connected between them in
pu is given as
  j8 j 20 
Ybus   .
 j 20  j8
The magnitude of the series reactance of each line in pu (round off up to one decimal place) is _______.
Ans. (0.1)
  j8 j 20 
Sol. Given admittance matrix    p.u.
 j 20  j8
This is following OFF diagonal
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
12 Electrical Engineering
Y12  Y21   y12 /  y21
y21
 20i
y12
x

Total admittance
2 x  20i
x  10i
x is admittance of each line connected between bus (1) and (2),
Z12 1 1
   0.1i
Z 21 x 10i
So the magnitude of p.u. impedance of each line is 0.1.
Question 12
A six-pulse thyristor bridge rectifier is connected to a balanced three-phase. 50 Hz AC source. Assuming
that the DC output current of the rectifier is constant, the lowest harmonic component in die AC input
current is
(A) 300 Hz (B) 250 Hz (C) 150 Hz (D) 100 Hz
Ans. (B)
Sol. For a constant current
P0  V0 I 0
V0 I 0
S PF 
VSR I SR
180 10
S PF   0.786 lag
230 10
Question 13
A co-axial cylindrical capacitor shown in Figure (i) has dielectric with relative permittivity
 r1  2 . When one-fourth portion of the dielectric is replaced with another dielectric of relative
permittivity  r 2 , as shown in Figure (ii), the capacitance is doubled. The value of  r 2 is _______.
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
13 Electrical Engineering

e r2
R R
r r

e r1 = 2 e r1 = 2

Fig. (i) Fig. (ii)

Ans. (10)
Sol.
c1 c2
R R r2

r r

r1  2

Fig. (1) Fig. (2)

c1  Capacitance of figure 1.
c2  Capacitance of figure 2.
Figure 1 has dielectric with  r1  2 has capacitance c1 .

When one fourth portion of figure 1 is replaced with another dielectric of  r2 then capacitance.

c2  2 c1
For co-axial cylindrical capacitor
2  0 l1 R
c1  as l1 , ln   is constant.
R r
ln  
r
2   0 l2 R
c2  as l2 , ln   is constant.
R r
ln  
r
c1   r
As 3/4th of c1 is going to be same and 1/4th is going to be replaced with  r2 .
3 1
 c1  c2  c2  2c1
4 4
1 5
 c2  c1
4 4
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
14 Electrical Engineering
c2  5 c1

c1  r1

c2  r2

c1 r
 1
5 c1  r2

1 2
 
5  r2

 r2  10
Question 14
A current controlled current source (CCCS) has an input impedance of 10  and output impedance of
100 k . When this CCCS is used in a negative feedback closed loop with a loop gain of 9, the closed loop
output impedance is
(A) 100  (B) 10  (C) 100 k (D) 1000 k
Ans. (D)
Sol. Given, zin  10 , z0  100 k
Now when negative feedback is applied with closed loop gain of 9
z0 f  ?
CCCS  Current controlled current source.
Ii  IF I0 Series
sampling
Amplifier

Shunt
mixing R
IF

Feedback

IF I0

Shunt mixing + Series sampling

Current – Current feedback topology
Without feedback zin  10 
zin
zin f  [ zin f  Input impedance with feedback]
(1  A)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
15 Electrical Engineering
z0 (with feedback)
z0 f  [ z0 f  Output impedance with feedback]
(1  A)
z0 f  z (1  A)

z0 f  100 k(1  9)

z0 f  1000 k
Question 15
The characteristic equation of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system is given by
( s )  s 4  3s 3  3s 2  s  k  0 .
The system is BIBO stable if
8 12
(A) 0  k  (B) 0  k  (C) k  3 (D) k  6
9 9
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given characteristics equation
s 4  3s 3  3s 2  s  k  0
Constructing Routh’s table
s4 1 3 k
s3 3 1 0
8
s2 k 0
3
8
1  3k
s 3 0 0
8/3
s0 k 0 0

For the system to be BIBO stable, all values of first column should be non-zero with same sign
Hence,
(i) k  0
8
 3k
(ii) 3 0
8/3
8
 3k  0
3
8
 3k 
3
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
16 Electrical Engineering
8
k
9
8
 For BIBO stability range of k is 0  k 
9
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 16
The output voltage of a single-phase full bridge voltage source inverter is controlled by unipolar PWM
with one pulse per half cycle. For the fundamental rms component of output voltage to be 75% of DC
voltage, the required pulse width in degrees (round off up to one decimal place) is _______.
Ans. (112.82)
Sol. Given, V01( rms )  0.75Vdc
Pulse width (2d )  ?
As the output voltage is controlled by unipolar PWM with one pulse per half cycle.
This is ‘single pulse width modulation’ technique.
Vin

V DC

 2 3 4
V DC

V0

 2 3 4
2d

Fourier series expression for single pulse width modulation.


4 Vdc n
V0 (t )   sin  sin nd  sin nt
n 1 n 2
4 Vdc
V01( rms )   sin d  n  1
 2
4 Vdc 2 2
V01( rms )  Vdc  sin d  Vdc sin d
 2 
From given V01( rms )  0.75Vdc

2 2
0.75Vdc  Vdc sin d

PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
17 Electrical Engineering
0.75 
sin d   0.83304
2 2
d  sin 1 (0.83304)  56.4123
2d  2  56.4123  112.8240
Question 17
Five alternators each rated 5 MVA. 13.2 kV with 25% of reactance on its own base are connected in
parallel to a busbar. The short-circuit level in MVA at the busbar is _______.
Ans. (100)
Sol. Given, 5 MVA, 13.2 kV
X d  0.25 pu (on its own base)

Xd Xd Xd Xd Xd

Vt
Eg Eg Eg Eg Eg

Fig. 5 alternators are connected in parallel to busbar

The above circuit can be converted into Thevenin’s equivalent network as follows.

X dth

Eg

X d 0.25
X cd    0.05  5%
5 5
Base MVA = 5 MVA.
To find short circuit MVA.
MVA 5 5
Short circuit MVA   
X dth ( X equivalent ) 5% 5  102
Short circuit MVA  100 MVA
Question 18
A three-phase synchronous motor draws 200 A from the line at unity power factor at rated load.
Considering the same line voltage and load, the line current at a power factor of 0.5 leading is
(A) 100 A (B) 400 A (C) 200 A (D) 300 A
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
18 Electrical Engineering
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given, I1  200 A, cos 1  UPF
I 2  ?, cos 2  0.5(leading)
From given condition :
Considering same line voltage and load.
3V1 I1 cos 1  3V2 I 2 cos 2 [ V1 and V2 are per phase voltage]
As V1  V2
I1 cos   I 2 cos 2
1
200 1  I 2 
2
I 2  400 A
Question 19
A 5 kVA, 50 V/100 V, single-phase transformer has a secondary terminal voltage of 95 V when loaded.
The regulation of the transformer is
(A) 4.5 % (B) 9 % (C) 1 % (D) 5 %
Ans. (D)
Sol. Given, 5 kVA, 50/100 V
Terminal voltage (Vt )  95 V when loaded.
E2  100 V
E2  Vt
Voltage regulation 
E2
100  95 5
 
100 100
Voltage regulation  0.05  5%
Question 20
The partial differential equation
 2u 2   2u  2u 
 c  2  2   0, where c  0
t 2  x y 
is known as
(A) wave equation (B) Poisson’s equation (C) Laplace equation (D) heat equation
Ans. (A)
 2u 2   2u  2u 
Sol.  c  2  2   0, where c  0
t 2  x y 
The given partial differential equation is wave equation.
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
19 Electrical Engineering
Question 21
The output response of a system is denoted as y (t ) and its Laplace transform is given by
10
Y (s) 
s ( s  s  100 2)
2

The steady state value of y (t ) is

1 1
(A) 100 2 (B) 10 2 (C) (D)
100 2 10 2
Ans. (D)
10
Sol. Given Y ( s ) 
s ( s  s  100 2)
2

As all option for steady state value of y (t ) are finite, so there is no need to check the stability of the system
From final value theorem
lim y (t )  lim sY ( s )
t  s 0

10
 lim s
s 0 s ( s  s  100 2)
2

10

100 2
1
 Steady state value of response y (t ) is
10 2
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 22
s3
The inverse Laplace transform of H ( s )  for t  0 is
s  2s  1
2

(A) 4t e t  e t (B) 3 e t (C) 2t e t  e t (D) 3t e t  e t

Ans. (C)
s3 s3
Sol. Given H (s)  
s  2s  1 ( s  1) 2
2

s 1 2

( s  1)2
( s  1) 2
 H ( s)  
( s  1) ( s  1)2
2

1 2
 H (s)  
s  1 ( s  1)2
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
20 Electrical Engineering
Taking causal inverse Laplace transform
h(t )   e  t  2te  t  u (t )

 h(t )  et  2tet ; for t  0

Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 23
The parameters of an equivalent circuit of a three-phase induction motor affected by reducing the rms
value of the supply voltage at the rated frequency is
(A) stator resistance (B) rotor leakage reactance
(C) magnetizing reactance (D) rotor resistance
Ans. (C)
Sol. Magnetizing reactance is the only parameter which can change due to reduction in rms value of supply
voltage at the rated frequency.
As,
V
QR 
f
Magnetizing reactance is dependent on the air gap flux.
Hence, the correct option is (C).
Question 24
The total impedance of the secondary winding, leads and burden of a 5 A CT is 0.01  . If the fault current
is 20 times the rated primary current of the CT, the VA output of the CT is _______.
Ans. (100)
Sol. VA output  I 2 R  (20  5) 2  0.01
 (100) 2  0.01  100 VA
Question 25
Given, Vgs is the gate-source voltage, Vds is the drain source voltage, and Vth is the threshold voltage of
an enhancement type NMOS transistor, the conditions for transistor to be biased in saturation are
(A) Vgs  Vth ; Vds  Vgs  Vth (B) Vgs  Vth ; Vds  Vgs  Vth
(C) Vgs  Vth ; Vds  Vgs  Vth (D) Vgs  Vth ; Vds  Vgs  Vth
Ans. (D)
Sol. For the N-MOS to be in saturation
Vgs  Vth
and Vds  Vgs  Vt
Hence, the correct option is (D).
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
21 Electrical Engineering
Q.26 to Q.55 Carry two marks each
Question 26
In the circuit below, the operational amplifier is ideal. If V1  10 mV and V2  50 mV , the output voltage
(Vout ) is
100 kΩ

10 kΩ
V1
V2 Vout
10 kΩ
100 kΩ

(A) 500 mV (B) 100 mV (C) 600 mV (D) 400 mV

Ans. (D)
Sol. Given circuit is shown in figure
100 k

10 k
V1
V2 Vout
10 k
100 k

We can apply superposition theorem to find overall Vout due to V1 and V2

Case 1 : If only V1 is applied and V2  0
R f  100k

R1  10 k
V1  10mV

Vout'
10k
100k
V2  0

 Inverting amplifier
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
22 Electrical Engineering
Vout' R
 Gain   f
V1 R1
Rf 100 103
and Vout'    V1   10 mV  100 mV
R1 10 103
Case 2 : If only V2 is applied and V1  0

V1 = 0
V+
Vout''
V2 = 50 mV 10 k
100 k

 Non inverting amplifier

Vout''  R f 
 Gain   1  
V  R1 

Vout''  R f 
  1  V …(i)
Vout  R1 
From voltage derision rule
 100  103  100
V   3 
 V2   50 mV  45.45 mV
 10 10  100 10 
3
110
From equation (i)
Vout''  R f   100  103 
 1    1 
V    45.455 mV
Vout  R1   10  103 
100

 45.45  500 mV
10
 Overall output due to both sources
Vout  Vout'  Vout''  (100  500) mV
 Vout  400 mV
Question 27
In a DC-DC boost converter, the duty ratio is controlled to regulate the output voltage at 48 V. The input
DC voltage is 24 V. The output power is 120 W. The switching frequency is 50 kHz. Assume ideal
components and a very large output filter capacitor. The converter operates at the boundary between
continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The value of the boost inductor (in  H ) is _______.
Ans. (24)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
23 Electrical Engineering
Sol. Given, V0  48, Vin  24 V
P0  120 W, f s  50 kHz
V02
P0 
R
V02 48  48
R0    19.2 
P0 120
Converter operates at the boundary of continuous and discontinues condition.
L  ? (H)
As V0  Vin
This is an example of Boost converter.
L

L
Vin o V0
C
a
d

Fig. Boost Converter
At the boundary of continuous and discontinues condition.
I L (min)  0
I L
I L (min)  I L ( avg )  …(i)
2
I L
I L ( avg )  0 …(ii)
2
From figure,
Vs DT
I L 
L
Putting the value in equation (ii),
I
I L ( avg )  0
1 D
Putting the value in equation (i),
I0 V DT
  s 0 …(iii)
1 D 2L
V
I0  0
R
Vs
 I0 
(1  D) R
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
24 Electrical Engineering
Putting the value in equation (iii),
Vs V DT
  s 0
R (1  D) (1  D) 2L
2L
 D (1  D) 2
RT
D (1  D) 2  RT
L
2
D (1  D) 2  R
Lcritical  …(iv)
2f
Value of L at the boundary of continuous and discontinues condition is also called as critical value of
inductance.
Vs
V0 
1 D
24
48 
1 D
1
1 D 
2
1
D …(v)
2
Putting the value of D in equation (iv),
2
1  1
  1   19.2
2  2
 Lcritical 
2  50  103
Lcritical  24 H
Another Approach
2L
 D (1  D) 2 [For continuous condition]
RT
2L
 D (1  D) 2 [Just continuous]
RT
D (1  D) 2 RT
L
2
2
1  1
 1  19.2
D (1  D) R 2  2 
2
Lcritical  
2f 2  50 103
Lcritical  24 H
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
25 Electrical Engineering
Question 28
The voltage across and the current through a load are expressed as follows
 
v(t )  170sin  377t   V
 6
 
i (t )  8cos  377t   A
 6
The average power in watts (round off to one decimal place) consumed by the load is _______.
Ans. (588.88)
 
Sol. v(t )  170sin  377t  
 6
 
i (t )  8cos  377t  
 6
We know that, sin(180  )   sin 
sin(90  )  cos 
 
So, v(t )  170sin    377t  
 6
v(t )  170sin  377t  1500 

 
i (t )  8sin   377t  
2 6
i (t )  8sin  377t  1200 
Average power consumed by load
 Vrms I rms  cos (VI )
170 8
  cos 300
2 2
170  8 3
   588.88 W
2 2
Question 29
A 0.1F capacitor charged to 100 V is discharged through a 1 k resistor. The time in ms (round off to
two decimal places) required for the voltage across the capacitor to drop to 1 V is _______.
Ans. (0.46)
Sol. Discharging equation of capacitor is given as
  RCt 
V (t )  V0 e 
Given V0  100 V, C  0.1μF, R  1K, RC  0.1 ms
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
26 Electrical Engineering
We have to find time when voltage is dropped to 1 V
t

1  100.e 0.110
3

t 1
  0.01

3
e 0.110 100
Taking natural logarithm both sides
t
 4.605
0.1 103
 t  4.605  0.1 10 3
 t  0.4605 m sec
Question 30
The current I flowing in the circuit shown below in amperes is _______.
I
50 W 40 W 25 W 20 W
20 W
200 V 160 V 100 V 80 V

Ans. (0)
Sol. Given circuit is shown below
V

I
50 40 25 W 20 W
20 W
+ – – –
200 V 160 V 100 V 80 V
– + + +

Applying KCL at node

V  200 V  160 V  100 V  80 V
    0
50 40 25 20 20
4V  800  5V  800  8V+800+10V+800+10V=0
 37 V  0
 V 0
V 0 0
Hence I   0
20 20
Question 31
u1T 
Consider a 2  2 matrix M   v1 v2  , where v1 and v2 are the column vectors. Suppose M 1
 T,
u2 
where u1T and u2T are the row vectors. Consider the following statements :
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
27 Electrical Engineering
Statement 1 : u1T v1  1 and u2T v2  1
Statement 2 : u1T v2  0 and u2T v1  0
Which of the following options is correct
(A) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false (B) Both the statements are false
(C) Statement 2 is true and statement 1 is false (D) Both the statements are true
Ans. (D)
u1T 
Sol. Given : M   v1 v2  , M 1
 T
 u2 
Since, M 1M  I
u1T  u1T v1 u1T v2  1 0 
 T   v1 v2    T  
u2 v1 u2 v2   0 1 
T
u 2 
By equating,
u1T v1  1 u1T v2  0 u2T v1  0 u2T v2  1
So, both statements are true.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 32
The asymptotic Bode magnitude plot of a minimum phase transfer function G(s) is shown below.
G ( jw) dB
60
-20 dB/dec
40
- 40 dB/dec
20
10 20
0 w (log scale)
1

- 60 dB/dec

Consider the following two statements.

Statement I : Transfer function G(s) has three poles and one zero.
3
Statement II : At very high frequency (   ) , the phase angle G( j)  
2
Which one of the following options is correct?
(A) Statement I is false and statement II is tine (B) Both the statements are true
(C) Statement I is true and statement II is false (D) Both the statements are false
Ans. (A)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
28 Electrical Engineering
Sol. Given plot is shown below,
G( j) dB
 20 dB/d

 40 dB/d

20
1 10 

 60 dB/d

Starting slope = 20dB/d so there is 1 pole at origin.

Change is slope at  = 1 is – 20 dB, so there is a pole at  = 1
Change in slope at  = 20 is – 20 dB, so there is 1 pole at  = 20
So, there are total 3 poles and so finite zeros in the transfer function.
Hence, statement I is not correct.
 
At very high frequencies, the phase angle contributed by all three poles    3  3
2 2
Hence, statement II is correct.
So, the correct option is (B).
Question 33
In the single machine infinite bus system shown below, the generator is delivering the real power of 0.8
pu at 0.8 power factor lagging to the infinite bus. The power angle of the generator in degrees (round off
to one decimal place) is _______.
X L1 = 0.4 pu
X t = 0.2 pu V = 1Ð00
G ¥
X d = 0.25 pu
X L2 = 0.4 pu

Ans. (20.51)
Sol. Power to infinite bus P  0.8 p.u .

We know that, V pu I pu  cos   0.8

1 I pu  0.8  0.8

I pu  1  36.860
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
29 Electrical Engineering
So the actual diagram is,
j0.4
j 0.2 1  36.86 0

j0.4
j0.25
10 0
E F 

EF   100  1  36.860  j 0.2  j 0.2  j 0.25

EF   100  1  36.860  0.65900

EF   100  0.65900  36.860

EF   1  0.65cos 53.14  0  j 0.65sin 53.14

EF   13899  j 0.52006

 0.52006 
EF  (1.3899) 2  (0.52006) 2  tan 1  
 13899 
Hence, EF   1.48420.510

The power angle   20.510 .

Question 34
A DC-DC buck converter operates in continuous conduction mode. It has 48 V input voltage, and it feeds
a resistive load of 24  . The switching frequency of the converter is 250 Hz. If switch-on duration is 1
ms, the load power is
(A) 48 W (B) 6 W (C) 12 W (D) 24 W
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given : R  24 Ω, Vin  48 V, f s  250 Hz, Ton  1 ms

Ton
Output voltage, V0  DVs  Vin
T
V0  Ton f s Vin  103  250  48  12 V

Since V0 is ripple free, V0  12 V

Hence, the load power is given by,

V02 122
P  6W
R 24
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
30 Electrical Engineering
Question 35
A delta-connected, 3.7 kW, 400 V(line), three-phase, 4-pole, 50-Hz squirrel-cage induction motor has the
following equivalent circuit parameters per phase referred to the stator :
R1  5.39 , R2  5.72 , X 1  X 2  8.22  . Neglect shunt branch in the equivalent circuit. The starting
line current in amperes (round off to two decimal places) when it is connected to a 100 V (line), 10 Hz,
three-phase AC source is _______.
Ans. (14.95)
Sol. Given : R1  5.39 Ω, R2  5.72 Ω, X 1  X 2  8.22 Ω
R2
At starting s  1,  R2
s
As the frequency has changed, reactance will also change
I st

At 10 Hz,
10 X
X ' X
50 5
Since motor is delta connected, V  100 V
The starting current is given by,
100
I st 
 16.44 
(5.39  5.72)  j  
 5 
100 100
I st   A
270.2736 11.586
123.43 
25
100
Hence, Line current  3   14.95 A
11.586
Question 36
If A  2 xi  3 yj  4 zk and u  x 2  y 2  z 2 then div (uA) at (1, 1, 1) is _______.
Ans. (45)
Sol. Given A  2 xi  3 yj  4 zk
u  x2  y 2  z 2

 uA   2 x 2  2 xy 2  2 z 2 x  i   3x 2 y  3 y 3  3 yz 2 x  i   4 x 2 z  4 y 2 z  4 z 3  k
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
31 Electrical Engineering
Divergence of uA is given by,
  
div (uA)   2 x 2  2 xy 2  2 xz 2   3x 2 y  3 y 3  3 yz 2    4 x 2 z  4 y 2 z  4 z 3 
x y z

  6 x 2  2 y 2  2 z 2    3x 2  9 y 2  3z 2    4 x 2  4 y 2  12 z 2 

 div (uA)  13 x 2  15 y 2  17 z 2
 div (uA) at (1,1,1)  13  15  17  45
Question 37
In a 132 kV system, the series inductance up to the point of circuit breaker location is 50 mH. The shunt
capacitance at the circuit breaker terminal is 0.05 F . The critical value of resistance in ohms required to
be connected across the circuit breaker contacts which will give no transient oscillation is _______.
Ans. (500)
Sol. Given : L  50 mH, C  0.05 μF

1 L 1 50 103
Critical resistance, Rcrit    500 Ω
2 C 2 0.05 106
Question 38
A 220 V DC shunt motor takes 3 A at no-load. It draws 25 A when running at full-load at 1500 rpm. The
armature and shunt resistances are 0.5  and 220  , respectively. The no- load speed in rpm (round off
to two decimal places) is _______.
Ans. (1579.326)
Sol. At no load :
IL  3 A

I a NL  2 A
Vt
I sh 
R sh 220 V
220
I sh  1 A
220


 I L  I a  I sh
I a  I L  I sh
Ia  3 1  2 A
 ENL  VT  I a Ra
ENL  220  2  0.5  219 V
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
32 Electrical Engineering
At full load :
I L  25 A

Ia

I sh  1 A

I a  I L  I sh
I a  25  1  24 A
EFL  VT  I a FL  Ra
EFL  220  24  0.5  220  12
EFL  208 V
E1 kT 1 N1
So,  (For the same motor : motor constant and the fluxes are same)
E2 kT 2 N 2
E1 N1

E2 N 2
ENL N NL

EFL N FL
219 1500
N NL   1579.326 rpm
208
Question 39
A three-phase 50 Hz, 400 kV transmission line is 300 km long. The line inductance is 1 mH/km per phase
and the capacitance is 0.01 F/km per phase. The line is under open circuit condition at the receiving end
and energized with 400 kV at the sending end. The receiving end line voltage in kV (round off to two
decimal places) will be _______.
Ans. (418.59)
Sol. Given : Vs  400 kV, L  1 mH/ph, C  0.01 μF/km/ph, f  50 Hz, l  300 km
By using exact method,
   LC  100 103 10 8  9.9345  104
A  cos l  cos (9.9345 104  300)  cos (0.2980 rad)  0.9559
Vs 400
VR    418.59 kV
A 0.9559
Hence, the receiving end line voltage is 418.59 kV.
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
33 Electrical Engineering
Question 40
The probability of a resistor being defective is 0.02. There are 50 such resistors in a circuit. The probability
of two or more defective resistors in the circuit (round off to two decimal places) is _______.
Ans. (0.265)
Sol. Given probability of resistor being defective p  0.02
 Probability of resistor being non-defective q  1  p  0.98
 Probability of two or more resistor and of 50 to be defective
P  x  2   1   P (0)  P(1)  …(i)
From binomial distribution, probability of ‘r’ successes in ‘n’ trials is given as
P( x)  nCr p r q nr
P(0)  50C0 p 0q 500  1 (0.02)0  (0.98)50  0.364
P(1)  50C1 ( p)1.(q)49  50  0.02  (0.98)49  0.371
Hence from equation (i),
 P  x  2   1   0.364  0.371  0.265
Question 41
A single-phase transformer of rating 25 kVA, supplies a 12 kW load at power factor of 0.6 lagging. The
additional load at unity power factor in kW (round off to two decimal places) that may be added before
this transformer exceeds its rated kVA is _______.
Ans. (7.21)
Sol. Given : ST  25 kVA  K
Load 1 : 12 kW at 0.8 p.f. lag
P1  12 kW, 1  cos 1 0.8  36.860
Q1  P1 tan 1
Q1  12 tan 36.860  9 kVAr
Load 2 at unity p.f. (UPF)
ST  S1  S 2
ST  P1  jQ1  P2  jQ2
25  P1  P2  j (Q1  Q2 ) [Let P2  x ]
25  (12  x)  j (9  0)
252  (12  x ) 2  92
625  81  (12  x ) 2
x  11.32 kW
x  P2  11.32 kW
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
34 Electrical Engineering
Question 42
A fully-controlled three-phase bridge converter is working from a 415 V, 50 Hz AC supply. It is supplying
constant current of 100 A at 400 V to DC load. Assume large inductive smoothing and neglect overlap.
The rms value of the AC line current in amperes (round off to two decimal place) is _______.
Ans. (81.65)
Sol. Given : I 0  100 A
For a fully controlled 3-phase bridge converter,
2 2
The RMS value of current, I rms  I 0  100  81.65 A
3 3
Question 43
A moving coil instrument having a resistance of 10 , gives a full-scale deflection when the current is 10
mA. What should be the value of the series resistance, so that it can be used as a voltmeter for measuring
potential difference up to 100 V?
(A) 9 (B) 9990 (C) 990 (D) 99
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given : Rm  10 Ω, I fs  10 mA

Original range of instrument  I fs  Rm  10 mA 10 Ω  100 mV

100 V
Multiplication factor, m   1000
100 mV
Series resistance is given by,
Rse  Rm (m  1)
 10 (1000  1)  9.99 kΩ  9990 Ω
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 44
 x&   0 1   x1   0  x 
Consider a state-variable model of a system  1          r , y  1 0  1 
 x&2    2   x2      x2 
where y is the output and r is the input. The damping ratio  and the undamped natural frequency n
(rad/sec) of the system are given by

(A)   ; n   (B)    ; n  

 
(C)    ; n  (D)   ; n  
 
Ans. (D)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
35 Electrical Engineering
Sol. Given
 x1   0 1   x1   0 
 x     2  x     r
 2   2  
x 
y  [10]  1 
 x2 
0 1 
System matrix A   
  2
Eigen values of system matrix given the roots of characteristic equation.
As [A] is a 2  2 matrix, let the Eigen values are 1 and  2 .
From properties of Eigen values
Sum of Eigen values = Trace of matrix
1   2  0  ( 2)  2 …(i)
Product of Eigen values  A
1   2  0  (  )  

 2 
1
Substituting value of  2 in equation (i),

1   2
1
 12    21
 12  21    0 (Characteristic equation)
Comparing with standard equation
2n  
 n  
Also 2 n  2
2 
  
2n 
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 45
The closed loop line integral
z3  z 2  8
∇ dz
z 5
z2
Evaluated counter-clockwise, is
(A)  8 j  (B) 4 j  (C)  4 j  (D)  8 j 
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
36 Electrical Engineering
Ans. (D)
Sol.
iy
z-plane
5

z  2
By Cauchy’s integral formula,
∇ f ( z )  2j f ( z ) …(i)

( z 3  z 2  8) ( z  2)
f ( z) 
( z  2) z 2

f ( z )  ( 2)3  (2) 2  8
f ( z)  4
Putting the value of f ( z ) in equation (i),
f ( z )  2j  4
f ( z )  8j
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 46
A 220 V (line), three-phase, Y-connected, synchronous motor has a synchronous impedance of (0.25 + j
2.5)  /phase. The motor draws the rated current of 10 A at 0.8 pf leading. The rms value of line-to-line
internal voltage in volts (round off to two decimal places) is _______.
Ans. (245)
Sol. Given : Z s  (0.25  j 2.5) 
220
Vt  220 V, Vtph   127.01 V
3
I t  10 A at 0.8 power factor leading.
For motor, internal voltage at leading power factor is given by,
EF  (Vt cos   I a Ra ) 2  (Vt sin   I a X s ) 2
cos   cos( )  cos 
sin   sin( )  sin 
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
37 Electrical Engineering
So, EF (ph )  (Vt ph cos  I a Ra ) 2  (Vt ph sin   I a X s ) 2

EF (ph )  (127.01 0.8  10  0.25) 2  (127.01 0.6  10  2.5) 2

EF (ph )  (99.108) 2  (101.206) 2

EF (ph )  141.6511

So, EF (line)  3 141.6511  245 V

Question 47
The magnetic circuit shown below has uniform cross-sectional area and air gap of 0.2 cm. The mean path
length of the core is 40 cm. Assume that leakage and fringing fluxes are negligible. When the core relative
permeability is assumed to be infinite, the magnetic flux density computed in the air gap is 1 tesla. With
same Ampere-turns, if the core relative permeability is assumed to be 1000 (linear), the flux density in
tesla (round off to three decimal places) calculated in the air gap is _______.
10 cm

10 cm 0.2 cm

Ans. (0.835)
Sol. We have a transformer with air gap on core.


Core
I

N Air gap

We know that,
mmf = Ampere turns = N I
Hl  NI  mmf
mmf
So, 
Reluctance
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
38 Electrical Engineering
Total reluctance,
ST  Score  Sair gap

lcore lair gap

ST  
0  r  A 0 1 A
If each side of core is 10 cm, then total length of the core is 40 cm. Therefore lcore  40  0.2  39.8 cm

Case 1 : mmf    ST 

 l 
NI  B1  A  air  …(i)
 0  A 
Case 2 : For same ampere turns
 l l 
N  I  B2  A  core  air  …(ii)
  0 r A  0 1  A 
From equation (i) and (ii),
 l   l l 
B1  A  air   B2  A  core  air 
 0  A    0 r A  0 1  A 
(Given B1  1 Tesla, lair  0.2 cm )

 39.8 0.2 
1 0.2  B2  
1000 1 
0.2  B2  0.2  0.0398

0.2  B2  0.2398

0.2
B2   0.8348 T
0.2398
Hence, the flux density calculated in the air gap is 0.834 T.
Question 48
 1 
3 s  
The transfer function of a phase lead compensator is given by D( s )   3T .
 1
s 
 T
The frequency (in rad/sec), at which D( j) is maximum, is

1 3
(A) (B) 3T 2 (C) 3T (D)
3T 2 T2
Ans. (A)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
39 Electrical Engineering
 1  1
3 S   3  1  3TS 
D(S )  
3T  3T
Sol. Given 
 1 1
S   1  TS 
 T T
1  3TS
 D( S ) 
1  TS
1  j 3T
 D ( j) 
1  j T
D ( j)  tan 1 (3T )  tan 1 (T )
For D( j) to be maximum
D( j)
0


  tan 1 (3T )  tan 1 (T )   0
 
3T T
  0
1  9 T 1  2T 2
2 2

3T T
 
1  9 T 1  2T 2
2 1

1  92T 2  3  32T 2
 62T 2  2
2 1
 2

6T 3T 2
1
Hence, the frequency at which maximum phase shift occurs is  
3T 2
Method II :
 1  3TS 
D( S )   
 1  TS 
Comparing with standard transfer f n
  3T ,   T
T T 1
   
 3T 3
Maximum phase lead occurs at frequency
1 1 1
  
  1 1
3T  9T 2 
3 3
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
40 Electrical Engineering
1
 
3T 2
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 49
A 30 kV, 50 Hz, 50 MVA generator has the positive, negative, and zero sequence reactances of 0.25 pu,
0.15 pu and 0.05 pu, respectively. The neutral of the generator is grounded with a reactance so that the
fault current for a bolted LG fault and that of a bolted three-phase fault at the generator terminal are equal.
The value of grounding reactance in ohms (round off to one decimal place) is _______.
Ans. (1.8)
Sol. Given : (KV)base  30 kV

(MVA)base  50 MVA, X 1  0.25 pu, X 2  0.15 pu, X 0  0.05 pu

For same fault current,

3 1
If  
X1  X 2  X 0  3 X n X1

3 1

0.25  0.15  0.05  3 X n 0.25

0.75  0.45  3 X n

X n  0.1 pu

302
X n  0.1  1.8 Ω
50
Hence, the value of grounding reactance is 1.8 Ω.
Question 50
The line current of a three-phase four wire system are square waves with amplitude of 100 A. These three
currents are phase shifted by 1200 with respect to each other. The rms value of neutral current is
100
(A) 0 A (B) 100 A (C) A (D) 300 A
3
Ans. (B)
Sol. The neutral current of 3-phase, 4 wire system is given by,
I n   ( I a  Ib  I c )

The waveform of line current is shown below,

PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
41 Electrical Engineering
Ia

Ib

Ic

In
100 A

100 A

Thus, the rms value of neutral current is,

I n  100 A
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 51
The enhancement type MOSFET in the circuit below operates according to the square law.
nCox  100 μA/V 2 , the threshold voltage VT  is 500 mV. Ignore channel length modulation. The output
voltage Vout is
VDD = 2V

5 mA
Vout

W 10 mm
=
L 1 mm

(A) 500 mV (B) 600 mV (C) 100 mV (D) 2 V

Ans. (B)
Sol. Given : VT  500 mV
Since, MOSFET is in saturation region,
 nCox  W
Diode current, I D  (VGS  VT ) 2
2L
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
42 Electrical Engineering
10 μm 100 μA
5 μA   (VGS  0.5) 2
1 μm 2
5 2
(VGS  0.5) 2   0.01
1000
VGS  0.5  0.1
VGS  0.6
VG  VGS  0.6 or V0  0  0.6
V0  0.6 V  600 mV
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 52
A single-phase fully-controlled thyristor converter is used to obtain an average voltage of 180 V with 10
A constant current to feed a DC load. It is fed from single-phase AC supply of 230 V, 50 Hz. Neglect the
source impedance. The power factor (round off to two decimal places) of AC mains is _______.
Ans. (0.78 lag)
Sol. Given : Vavg  V0  180 V, Vp  230 V
The average output voltage of a 1-  fully-controlled thyristor is given by,
2Vm
V0  cos 

2  230 2
180  cos 

cos   0.869
Hence, the power factor of AC mains is given by,
2 2 2 2
Input pf  cos    0.869  0.786 lag
 
Question 53
A periodic function f (t ) , with a period of 2 , is represented as its Fourier series,
f (t )  a0   n1 an cos nt   n1 bn sin nt
 

 A sin t , 0  t  
If f (t )  
 0   t  2
The Fourier series coefficients a1 and b1 of f (t ) are
A A
(A) a1  0; b1  (B) a1  ; b1  0
 2
A A
(C) a1  ; b1  0 (D) a1  0; b1 
 2
Ans. (D)
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
43 Electrical Engineering
Given : f (t )  a0   n 1 an cos nt   n 1 bn sin nt
 
Sol.

The Fourier series coefficient a1 of a periodic function f (t ) is given by,

2 2
T T
a1  f (t ) cos 0t dt where, 0  1
T

2  
 2
  A sin t cos t dt   0 dt 
2  0  

2 A
2 0 2
 sin 2t dt  0

And the Fourier series coefficient b1 of a periodic function f (t ) is given by,

2  
 2
b1   A sin t sin t dt   0 dt 
2  0  
A   1  cos 2t   A


2  0 
    dt  
2   2
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 54
In the circuit below, X and Y are digital inputs, and Z is a digital output. The equivalent circuit is a
X
Y Z

(A) XOR gate (B) XNOR gate (C) NAND gate (D) NOR gate
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given circuit is shown below
X
X XY
Y Y
Z  XY  XY
X
Y
XY

Z  X Y  X Y  X Y
So, the given circuit is equivalent to an EXOR gate.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
PAGE GATE 2019 [Afternoon Session]
44 Electrical Engineering
Question 55
The output expression for the Karnaugh map shown below is
PQ
RS
0 1 1 0
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0

(A) QR  S (B) QR  S (C) QR  S (D) QR  S

Ans. (B)
Sol.
PQ
RS PQ PQ PQ PQ

RS 0 1 1 0
QR

RS 1 1 1 1
S
RS 1 1 1 1

RS 0 0 0 0

y  QR  S
Hence, the correct option is (B).


Detailed Solutions will be available soon