AM MODULATION AND DEMODULATION

Group Members:
Subhan Shahid (170766)
Saqlain Awais (170772)
Saad Rizwan khan (170788)
Muneeb Zafrar (170820)

Bachelor Of Electrical Engineering

(Telecommunication)
(2017-2021)

Project Supervisor

Engr. Farid Ullah

Designation

Lab Engineer
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

AIR UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

 Dedication
We dedicate this project to God Almighty my creator, my strong pillar, my source of
inspiration, wisdom, knowledge and understanding. He has been the source of my
strength throughout this program and on His wings only have I soared. I also
dedicate this work to my parents, teachers and project partners to be a part of this
work.
This thesis is dedicated to my father, who taught me that the best kind of knowledge to
have is that which is learned for its own sake. It is also dedicated to my mother, who
taught me that even the largest task can be accomplished if it is done one step at a
time.

Acknowledgement

My deepest gratitude goes to God who has provided all that was needed to complete
this project and the program for which it was undertaken for. There was never lack or
want. Throughout this entire study, He took care of everything that would have stopped
me in my tracks and strengthened me even through my most difficult times.
The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance
from many people and I am extremely privileged to have got this all along the
completion of my project. All that I have done is only due to such supervision and
assistance and I would not forget to thank them.I respect and thank my Teacher and
Project supervisor , for providing me an opportunity to do the project work and giving us
all support and guidance which made me complete the project duly. I am extremely
thankful to [her/him] for providing such a nice support and guidance, although he had
busy schedule managing the corporate affairs.

Abstract

2
In this project we made transformer. A transformer is a device used to convert low voltage into
high voltage and high voltage into low voltage according our requirement, through the action of
magnetic field. It consists of two or more coils of wire wrapped around a common ferromagnetic
core. The only connection between the coils is the common magnetic flux present within the core.
Primary winding side is connected to AC electric power, and the second (and perhaps third)
transformer winding supplies electric power to loads. the transformer winding connected to the
power source is called the primary winding or input winding, and the winding connected to the
loads is called the secondary winding or output winding. We made a single phase transformer.
This transformer gives two output with different voltage. In this one out side is centre tap
transformer.

3
Introducion:
 Modulation:Modulation is performed at the transmitting end of the communication
system.
 Demodlation:At the receiving end of the system we usually require the original baseband
signal to be restored, this is usually accomplished by using a process known as
demodulation.
 In basic signal processing terms, we thus find that the transmitter of an analog
communication system consists of a modulator and the receiver consists of a
demodulator.

AM MODULATION:
Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most
commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. In amplitude modulation, the
amplitude (signal strength) of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to that of the message
signal being transmitted. The message signal is, for example, a function of the sound to be
reproduced by a loudspeaker, or the light intensity of pixels of a television screen.
Consider a carrier wave (sine wave) of frequency fc and amplitude A given by:

Let m(t) represent the modulation waveform. For this example, we shall take the modulation to
be simply a sine wave of a frequency fm, a much lower frequency (such as an audio frequency)
than fc:

y(t) can be shown to be the sum of these sine waves:

4
AM DEMODULATION:
Demodulation is extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. A
demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer program in a software-defined radio) that is
used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave.[1] There are many types of
modulation so, there are many types of demodulators. The signal output from a demodulator
may represent sound (an analog audio signal), images (an analog video signal) or binary data (a
digital signal).
 The envelope detector is a very simple method of demodulation that does not require a
coherent demodulator. It consists of an envelope detector that can be a rectifier
(anything that will pass current in one direction only) or other non-linear component that
enhances one half of the received signal over the other and a low-pass filter.
 The product detector multiplies the incoming signal by the signal of a local oscillator with
the same frequency and phase as the carrier of the incoming signal. After filtering, the
original audio signal will result.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

5
COMPONENTS:
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Inductors
 Diode
 BJT
 Breadboard