DESIGN OF TOP CHORD MEMBERS

* Design Data *Tensile Yielding

Maximum Actual Tensile Load, Pact Pn = FyAg
= 38.640 kN Pn= ( 248 )
*Material Properties Pn= 68.944
Grade of Steel φtPn= 0.90Pn
Minimum Yield Strength Fy= 248 MPa φtPn= 0.9
Minimum Tensile Strength Fu= 400 MPa φtPn= 62.050
Modulus of Elasticity E= 200000 MPa
*Tensile Rupture
Trial Section ---> L30X30X5 Pn = FuAe
Ag = 278 mm²
For welded connections, the reduced area Ae is
defined as the effective area (rather than the
effective net area), and it is given by
The design tensile strength, φtPn, shall be the lower value obtained
according to the limit states of tensile yielding in the gross section and
tensile rupture in the net section. Ae = AgU
1.) For tensile yielding in the gross section: where:
Pn = FyAg Eqn. 504.2-1 U= 1.0
φt= 0.90

2.) For tensile rupture in the net section:

Pn = FuAe
φt= 0.75
DESIGN OF BOTTOM CHORD MEMBERS
*Design Data *Solving for available nominal compressive strength Pn
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
= 36.960 kN
The nominal compressive strength, Pn, sha
Length of the Most Stressed Member, L determined based on the limit state of flex
= 1.667 m
Recommended Design Coefficient, k
k = 0.65 Pn = FcrAg

*Solving for Flexural Buckling Stress, F cr

(Assuming Rotation-Fixed and
Translation-Fixed)
The flexural buckling stress, Fcr, is determin
as follows:

Fundamentals of Structural Steel

Design, Gillesania 1.) when KL/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy)
*Material Properties
Grade of Steel ---> A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy= 248 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E= 200000 MPa
 Trial Section ---> L40X40X5
Ag = 379 mm2 2.) when KL/r > 4.71√(E/Fy)
r = 11.97 mm

DESIGN OF VERTICAL MEMBERS

*Design Data *Solving for Flexural Buckling Stress, Fcr
Maximum Actual Compressive Load, Pact
= 67.200 kN The flexural buckling stress, Fcr, is determined as follow
Length of the Most Stressed Member, L
= 1.00 m 1.) when KL/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy)
Recommended Design Coefficient, k
k = 0.65
(Assuming Rotation-Fixed and
Translation-Fixed)

Fundamentals of Structural Steel

Design, Gillesania
*Material Properties 2.) when KL/r > 4.71√(E/Fy)
Grade of Steel ---> A36
Minimum Yield Strength Fy= 248 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity E= 200000 MPa

Trial Section ---> L25X25X3 where:

Ag = 142 mm 2
Fe = elastic critical buckling stress
r = 7.51 mm
*Solving for available nominal compressive strength Pn,

The nominal compressive strength, Pn, shall be determined

based on the limit state of flexural buckling.
Sec. 505.3 KL
Pn = FcrAg r
Formula 505.3-1
4.71√(E/Fy)
DESIGN OF DIAGONAL MEMBERS
* Design Data *Tensile Yielding
Maximum Actual Tensile Load, Pact Pn = FyAg
= 69.640 kN Pn= ( 248 )
*Material Properties Pn= 93.992
Grade of Steel φtPn= 0.90Pn
Minimum Yield Strength Fy= 248 MPa φtPn= 0.90(
Minimum Tensile Strength Fu= 400 MPa φtPn= 84.593
 Modulus of Elasticity E= 200000 MPa *Tensile Rupture
Pn = FuAe
Trial Section ---> L40X40X5
379 For welded connections, the reduced area Ae is define
Ag = mm² as the effective area (rather than the effective net area
and it is given by

The design tensile strength, φtPn, shall be the lower value obtained
according to the limit states of tensile yielding in the gross section and
tensile rupture in the net section. Ae = AgU
1.) For tensile yielding in the gross section: where:
Pn = FyAg Eqn. 504.2-1 U=
φt= 0.90
Therefore, Ae=Ag.
2.) For tensile rupture in the net section: Pn=
Pn = FuAe Pn=
φt= 0.75
φtPn=
φtPn=
 Therefore, Ae=Ag.
Pn= 400 ( 278 ) /1000
/1000 111.2 kN
( 278 ) Pn=
kN
φtPn= 0.75 ( 111.2 )
( 68.944 ) φtPn= 83.4 kN
kN
Therefore,
The limit state of tensile yielding governs.
φtPn= 62.050 kN
Therefore,
tions, the reduced area Ae is
tive area (rather than the Since φtPn>Pact, the trial section is adequate.
and it is given by

Use L30X30X5 A36 steel for the top chord members.

Table 504.3.1

nominal compressive strength Pn, where: `

Fe = elastic critical buckling stress Fcr

nal compressive strength, Pn, shall be

d based on the limit state of flexural buckling. Pn
Sec. 505.3

Formula 505.3-1 Formula 505.3-4 Pu

KL
= 90.522
or Flexural Buckling Stress, Fcr r

al buckling stress, Fcr, is determined

4.71√(E/Fy) = 133.755
Since Pu>Pact, the trial section is

L/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy) Since KL/r < 4.71√(E/Fy), formula 505.3-2 applies.

Therefore,
π² (200000) Use L40X40X5 A36 Steel f
Fe=
( ( 0.65 ) (1667 )/( 11.97 ) )^2
Fe= 240.891 MPa chord members.
 Formula 505.3-2
L/r > 4.71√(E/Fy)

Formula 505.3-3

uckling Stress, Fcr Since KL/r < 4.71√(E/Fy), formula 505.3-2 applies.

stress, Fcr, is determined as follows: Fe= π² (200000)

( ( 0.65 ) (997 )/( 7.51 ) )^2
L/r ≤ 4.71√(E/Fy) Fe= 265.090 MPa

Fcr = 167.647 MPa

Pn = FcrAg
= 167.647 ( 142 )/ 1000
Formula 505.3-2 Pn = 23.806 kN
L/r > 4.71√(E/Fy) Pu = φPn
Pu = 0.9( 23.806 )
Pu = 21.425 kN

Formula 505.3-3
Since Pu<Pact, the trial section is not
adequate. Try another section.
elastic critical buckling stress

Formula 505.3-4

= 86.292

= 133.755
/1000
Therefore,
The limit state of tensile yielding governs.
( 379 ) φtPn= 84.593 kN
kN Therefore,

Since φtPn>Pact, the trial section is adequate.

93.992 )
kN
Use L40X40X5 A36 steel for the top chord members.
 Use L40X40X5 A36 steel for the top chord members.

Weight
Part of Truss Section to
ns, the reduced area Ae is defined kg/m
be Used
rather than the effective net area),
Top Chord L30X30X5 278
Bottom Chord L40X40X5 379
Vertical
Diagonal L40X40X5 379

1.0
Table 504.3.1

400 ( 379 ) /1000

151.6 kN

0.75 ( 151.6 )
113.7 kN
 = 161.181 MPa

= FcrAg
= 161.181 ( 379 )
= 61.087 kN
= φPn
= 0.9( 61.09 )
= 54.979 MPa

Since Pu>Pact, the trial section is adequate.

Use L40X40X5 A36 Steel for bottom

chord members.
 REQUIRED DESIGN DATA
Wind Load at Windward Surface, WW = -0.699 kN/m
Wind Load at Leeward Surface, WL = -0.584 kN/m
Length of Short Top Chord, Ltc1 = 5.281 m
Length of Long Top Chord, Ltc2 = 5.281 m

Horizontal Projection of Shorter Top Chord, = 5.001 m

Ltc1x

= 5.001 m
Horizontal Projection of Long Top Chord, Ltc2x
Spacing between Trusses, Lb = 4.00 m
Roof Slope, θ = 18.778 m

CONSIDERING WIND AT POSITIVE DIRECTION *Solving for panel loads at leeward surface,
Wpanel= Wul

where:
Tw =

1.) Panel Load at Joint J

Wpanel= -2.921
Wpanel= -0.487
2.) Panel Load at Joint K
Wpanel= -2.921
*Solving for total wind loads, Wpanel= -0.974
1.) At Windward Surface 3.) Panel Load at Joint L
Wuw= WW (Ltc1) Wpanel= -2.921
Wuw= -0.699 (5.281) Wpanel= -0.974
Wuw= -3.496 kN 4.) Panel Load at Joint G
2.) At Leeward Surface Wpanel= -2.921
Wul= WL (Ltc2) Wpanel= -0.487
Wul= -0.584 (5.281) *Solving for the reactions at supports,
Wul= -2.921 kN Converting the concentrated loads
*Solving for panel loads at windward surface, uniformly distributed load,
Wpanel= Wuw Tw *At Windward Surface,
Lt1 W= Total Load/Ltc1
where: W= -3.496
 Tw= tributary length W= -0.662
*At Leeward Surface,
1.) Panel Load at Joint A W= Total Load/Ltc2
Wpanel= -3.496 (0.8335 )/( 5.001 ) W= -2.921
Wpanel= -0.583 kN W= -0.553
2.) Panel Load at Joint H
Wpanel= -3.496 ( 1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RWA= 1.281 kN
Wpanel= -1.165 kN RWB= 1.549 kN
3.) Panel Load at Joint I RWC= 0.697 kN
Wpanel= -3.496 ( 1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RWD= -0.030 kN
Wpanel= -1.165 kN RLA= 0.025 kN
4.) Panel Load at Joint J RLB= 0.532 kN
Wpanel= -3.496 ( 0.8335 )/( 5.001 ) RLC= 1.340 kN
Wpanel= -0.583 kN RLD= 1.023 kN

CONSIDERING WIND AT NEGATIVE DIRECTION *Solving for panel loads at leeward surface,
Wpanel= Wuw

where:
Tw =

1.) Panel Load at Joint A

Wpanel= -3.084
Wpanel= -0.514
2.) Panel Load at Joint H
Wpanel= -3.084
*Solving for total wind loads, Wpanel= -1.028
1.) At Windward Surface 3.) Panel Load at Joint I
Wuw= WW (Ltc2) Wpanel= -3.084
Wuw= -0.699 (5.281) Wpanel= -1.028
Wuw= -3.691 kN 4.) Panel Load at Joint J
2.) At Leeward Surface Wpanel= -3.084
Wul= WL (Ltc1) Wpanel=
-0.514
Wul= -0.584 (5.281) *Solving for the reactions at supports,
Wul= -3.084 kN
Converting the concentrated loads to
*Solving for panel loads at windward surface, uniformly distributed load,
Wpanel= Wul Tw *At Windward Surface,
Lt2 W= Total Load/Ltc2
where: W= -3.691
 Tw= tributary length W= -0.699
*At Leeward Surface,
1.) Panel Load at Joint J W= Total Load/Ltc1
Wpanel= -3.691 ( 0.8335 )/( 5.281 ) W= -3.084
Wpanel= -0.615 kN W= -0.584
2.) Panel Load at Joint K
Wpanel= -3.691 ( 1.667 )/( 5.281 ) RWA= 0.032 kN
Wpanel= -1.230 kN RWB= 0.672 kN
3.) Panel Load at Joint L RWC= 1.497 kN
Wpanel= -3.691 (1.667 )/( 5.281 ) RWD= 1.490 kN
Wpanel= -1.230 kN RLA= 1.119 kN
4.) Panel Load at Joint G RLB= 1.377 kN
Wpanel= -3.691 ( 0.8335)/( 5.281 ) RLC= 0.615 kN
Wpanel= -0.615 kN RLD= -0.027 kN
oads at leeward surface, *Solving for the reactions at windward surface *Solving for the reactions at leewa
Tw Vertical Reaction = Rw cosθ Vertical Reaction
Lt2 Horizontal Reaction = Rw sinθ Horizontal Reaction
Therefore, Therefore,
tributary length RA V = 1.281 cos(18.778) RA V

RA V = 1.212 RA V

oad at Joint J RA V = 1.212 kN Downward RA V

( 0.8335 )/( 5.001 )

kN RAH = 1.281 sin(18.778) RAH

oad at Joint K RAH = 0.412 RAH

( 1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RAH = 0.412 kN to the Right RAH

kN
oad at Joint L RBV = 1.549 cos(18.778) RBV
(1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RBV = 1.466 RBV

kN RBV = 1.466 kN Downward RBV

oad at Joint G
( 0.8335)/( 5.001 ) RBH = 1.549 sin(18.778) RBH

kN RBH = 0.498 RBH

reactions at supports, RBH = 0.498 kN to the Right RBH
ng the concentrated loads to
distributed load, RCV = 0.697 cos(18.778) RCV

ward Surface, RCV = 0.660 RCV

Total Load/Ltc1 RCV = 0.660 kN Downward RCV

-3.496 /(5.281)
 -0.662 kN/m RCH = 0.697 sin(18.778) RCH
RCH = 0.224 RCH

Total Load/Ltc2 RCH = 0.224 kN to the Right RCH

-2.921 /(5.281)
-0.553 kN/m RDV = -0.030 cos(18.778) RDV
RDV = -0.028 RDV
RDV = 0.028 kN Downward RDV

RDH = -0.030 sin(18.778) RDH

RDH = -0.010 RDH
RDH = 0.010 kN to the Right RDH

oads at leeward surface, *Solving for the reactions at windward surface *Solving for the reactions at leewa
Tw Vertical Reaction = Rw cosθ Vertical Reaction
Lt1 Horizontal Reaction = Rw sinθ Horizontal Reaction
Therefore, Therefore,
tributary length RA V = 0.032 cos(18.778) RA V

RA V = 0.030 RA V

oad at Joint A RA V = 0.030 kN Upward RA V

( 0.8335 )/( 5.001 )

kN RAH = 0.032 sin(18.778) RAH

oad at Joint H RAH = 0.010 RAH

( 1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RAH = 0.010 kN To the Right RAH

kN
oad at Joint I RBV = 0.672 cos(18.778) RBV

( 1.667 )/( 5.001 ) RBV = 0.637 RBV

kN RBV = 0.637 kN Upward RBV

oad at Joint J
( 0.8335 )/( 5.001 ) RBH = 0.672 sin(18.778) RBH

kN RBH = 0.216 RBH

reactions at supports, RBH = 0.216 kN To the Right RBH

ng the concentrated loads to

distributed load, RCV = 1.497 cos(18.778) RCV

ward Surface, RCV = 1.418 RCV

Total Load/Ltc2 RCV = 1.418 kN Upward RCV

-3.691 /(5.281)
 -0.699 kN/m RCH = 1.497 sin(18.778) RCH
RCH = 0.482 RCH

Total Load/Ltc1 RCH = 0.482 kN To the Right RCH

-3.084 /(5.281)
-0.584 kN/m RDV = 1.490 cos(18.778) RDV
RDV = 1.411 RDV
RDV = 1.411 kN Upward RDV

RDH = 1.490 sin(18.778) RDH

RDH = 0.480 RDH
RDH = 0.480 kN To the Right RDH
ing for the reactions at leeward surface *Solving for the Wind Load Effects on Truss Members, *For windwa
= Rw cosθ Note: Wind load effects on truss members were
= Rw sinθ determined through Maxwell Diagram which will be
shown below.
= 0.025 cos(18.778) *Top Chord Members
= 0.024 FAH= kN
= 0.024 kN Upward FHI= kN
FIJ= kN
= 0.025 sin(18.778) FJK= kN LOAD DIAGRAM TO
MAXWELL DIAGRA
= 0.008 FKL= kN
= 0.008 kN To the Right FLG= kN
*Bottom Chord Members
= 0.532 cos(18.778) FAB= kN
= 0.504 FBC= kN
= 0.504 kN Upward FCD= kN
FDE= kN
= 0.532 sin(18.778) FEF= kN
= 0.171 FFG= kN
= 0.171 kN To the Right *Vertical Chord Members
FBH= kN
= 1.340 cos(18.778) FCI= kN
= 1.269 FDJ= kN *For leewar
= 1.269 kN Upward FEK= kN
FFL= kN
 = 1.340 sin(18.778) *Diagonal Chord Members
= 0.431 FCH= kN
= 0.431 kN To the Right FDI= kN
FDK= kN
= 1.023 cos(18.778) FEL= kN
= 0.969
LOAD DIAGRAM TO
MAXWELL DIAGRA
= 0.969 kN Upward

= 1.023 sin(18.778)
= 0.329
= 0.329 kN To the Right

ing for the reactions at leeward surface *Solving for the Wind Load Effects on Truss Members, *For windwa
= Rw cosθ Note: Wind load effects on truss members were
= Rw sinθ determined through Maxwell Diagram which will be
shown below.
= 1.119 cos(18.778) *Top Chord Members
= 1.059 FAH= kN
= 1.059 kN Upward FHI= kN
FIJ= kN LOAD DIAGRAM TO
= 1.119 sin(18.778) FJK= kN MAXWELL DIAGRAM
= 0.360 FKL= kN
= 0.360 kN To the Lef FLG= kN
*Bottom Chord Members
= 1.377 cos(18.778) FAB= kN
= 1.304 FBC= kN
= 1.304 kN Upward FCD= kN
FDE= kN
= 1.377 sin(18.778) FEF= kN
= 0.443 FFG= kN
= 0.443 kN To the Lef *Vertical Chord Members
FBH= kN
= 0.615 cos(18.778) FCI= kN
= 0.582 FDJ= kN *for leewar
= 0.582 kN Upward FEK= kN
FFL= kN
= 0.615 sin(18.778) *Diagonal Chord Members
= 0.198 FCH= kN
= 0.198 kN To the Lef FDI= kN
FDK= kN
= -0.027 cos(18.778) FEL= kN LOAD DIAGRAM TO
=
MAXWELL DIAGRA
-0.025
= 0.025 kN Downward

= -0.027 sin(18.778)
= -0.009
= 0.009 kN To the Right
 *For windward surface

LOAD DIAGRAM TO BE USED FOR

MAXWELL DIAGRAM

*For leeward surface

LOAD DIAGRAM TO BE USED FOR
MAXWELL DIAGRAM

*For windward surface

LOAD DIAGRAM TO BE USED FOR

MAXWELL DIAGRAM

*for leeward surface

LOAD DIAGRAM TO BE USED FOR
MAXWELL DIAGRAM
 JOINT A B C D
MOMENT DISTRIB
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
STIFFNESS (K) 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317
DF 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 1.000
FEM -0.549 0.549 -0.483 0.301 0.000 0.000
CYCLE
BAL 0.549 -0.033 -0.033 -0.151 -0.151 0.000
COM -0.017 0.275 -0.075 -0.017 0.000 -0.075
1
BAL 0.017 -0.100 -0.100 0.008 0.008 0.075
COM -0.050 0.008 0.004 -0.050 0.038 0.004
2
BAL 0.050 -0.006 -0.006 0.006 0.006 -0.004
COM -0.003 0.025 0.003 -0.003 -0.002 0.003
3
BAL 0.003 -0.014 -0.014 0.003 0.003 -0.003
COM -0.007 0.002 0.001 -0.007 -0.002 0.001
4
BAL 0.007 -0.001 -0.001 0.004 0.004 -0.001
COM -0.001 0.003 0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.002
5
BAL 0.001 -0.003 -0.003 0.001 0.001 -0.002
COM -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000
6
BAL 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000
COM 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
7
BAL 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001

8 COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.705 -0.705 0.095 -0.095 0.000
∑M
Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC

JOINT A B C D
MOMENT DISTRIB
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
STIFFNESS (K) 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317
DF 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 1.000
FEM 0.000 0.000 -0.252 0.403 -0.459 0.459
CYCLE
BAL 0.000 0.126 0.126 0.028 0.028 -0.459
COM 0.063 0.000 0.014 0.063 -0.230 0.014
1
BAL -0.063 -0.007 -0.007 0.083 0.083 -0.014
COM -0.003 -0.031 0.042 -0.003 -0.007 0.042
2
 2
BAL 0.003 -0.005 -0.005 0.005 0.005 -0.042
COM -0.003 0.002 0.003 -0.003 -0.021 0.003
3
BAL 0.003 -0.002 -0.002 0.012 0.012 -0.003
COM -0.001 0.001 0.006 -0.001 -0.001 0.006
4
BAL 0.001 -0.004 -0.004 0.001 0.001 -0.006
COM -0.002 0.001 0.001 -0.002 -0.003 0.001
5
BAL 0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.002 0.002 -0.001
COM 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
6
BAL 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001
COM -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000
7
BAL 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000

8 COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.079 -0.079 0.589 -0.589 0.000
∑M
Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC

JOINT A B C D
MOMENT DISTRIBU
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
STIFFNESS (K) 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317
DF 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 1.000
FEM 0.000 0.000 -0.318 0.510 -0.580 0.580
CYCLE
BAL 0.000 0.159 0.159 0.035 0.035 -0.580
COM 0.079 0.000 0.018 0.079 -0.290 0.018
1
BAL -0.079 -0.009 -0.009 0.105 0.105 -0.018
COM -0.004 -0.040 0.053 -0.004 -0.009 0.053
2
BAL 0.004 -0.006 -0.006 0.007 0.007 -0.053
COM -0.003 0.002 0.003 -0.003 -0.026 0.003
3
BAL 0.003 -0.003 -0.003 0.015 0.015 -0.003
COM -0.001 0.002 0.007 -0.001 -0.002 0.007
4
BAL 0.001 -0.005 -0.005 0.002 0.002 -0.007
COM -0.002 0.001 0.001 -0.002 -0.004 0.001
5
BAL 0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.003 0.003 -0.001
COM 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
6
BAL 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001
 COM -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000
7
BAL 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000

8 COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.100 -0.100 0.744 -0.744 0.000
∑M
Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC

JOINT A B C D
MOMENT DISTRIBU
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
STIFFNESS (K) 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.317
DF 1.000 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 1.000
FEM -0.485 0.485 -0.426 0.266 0.000 0.000
CYCLE
BAL 0.485 -0.029 -0.029 -0.133 -0.133 0.000
COM -0.015 0.242 -0.066 -0.015 0.000 -0.066
1
BAL 0.015 -0.088 -0.088 0.007 0.007 0.066
COM -0.044 0.007 0.004 -0.044 0.033 0.004
2
BAL 0.044 -0.006 -0.006 0.005 0.005 -0.004
COM -0.003 0.022 0.003 -0.003 -0.002 0.003
3
BAL 0.003 -0.012 -0.012 0.002 0.002 -0.003
COM -0.006 0.001 0.001 -0.006 -0.001 0.001
4
BAL 0.006 -0.001 -0.001 0.004 0.004 -0.001
COM -0.001 0.003 0.002 -0.001 -0.001 0.002
5
BAL 0.001 -0.002 -0.002 0.001 0.001 -0.002
COM -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000
6
BAL 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000
COM 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001
7
BAL 0.000 -0.001 -0.001 0.000 0.000 -0.001

8 COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
COM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10
BAL 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.622 -0.622 0.084 -0.084 0.000
∑M
 ∑M
Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m Kn-m
MEMBER AB BA BC CB CD DC
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD TABLE OF VALUES FOR OBTAINING MOMENTS AT SUPPORTS
(WIND LOAD EFFECTS, WIND AT POSITIVE DIRECTION)
CONSIDERING WINDWARD SURFACE ONLY

RA 1.281 KN
RB1 0.809 KN
RB2 0.740 KN
RC1 0.667 KN
RC2 0.030 KN
RD -0.030 KN

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD TABLE OF VALUES FOR OBTAINING MOMENTS AT SUPPORTS

(WIND LOAD EFFECTS, WIND AT POSITIVE DIRECTION)
CONSIDERING LEEWARD SURFACE ONLY
 RA 0.025 KN
RB1 -0.025 KN
RB2 0.557 KN
RC1 0.618 KN
RC2 0.722 KN
RD 1.023 KN

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD TABLE OF VALUES FOR OBTAINING MOMENTS AT SUPPORTS

(WIND LOAD EFFECTS, WIND AT NEGATIVE DIRECTION)
CONSIDERING WINDWARD SURFACE ONLY

RA 0.032 KN
RB1 -0.032 KN
RB2 0.704 KN
 RC1 0.781 KN
RC2 0.716 KN
RD 1.490 KN

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD TABLE OF VALUES FOR OBTAINING MOMENTS AT SUPPORTS

(WIND LOAD EFFECTS, WIND AT NEGATIVE DIRECTION)
CONSIDERING LEEWARD SURFACE ONLY

RA 1.119 KN
RB1 0.724 KN
RB2 0.653 KN
RC1 0.588 KN
RC2 0.027 KN
RD -0.027 KN
 DETERMINATION OF THE MOST CRI
PART OF WIND LOAD
LOAD DEAD LOAD, D ROOF LIVE LOAD, Lr
CASES WIND AT DIRECTION
TRUSS MEMBER Internal Force (kN) Nature Internal Force (kN) Nature Internal Force (kN)
AH 20.20 9.00 0.00
HI 13.70 6.00 0.00
IJ 2.20 1.00 0.00
TOP CHORD
JK 2.20 1.00 0.00
KL 13.70 6.00 0.00
LG 20.20 9.00 0.00
AB 19.20 8.70 0.00
BC 19.20 8.70 0.00
BOTTOM CD 13.00 5.80 0.00
CHORD DE 13.00 5.80 0.00
EF 19.10 8.70 0.00
FG 19.10 8.70 0.00
BH 0.80 0.00 0.00
CI 36.40 14.70 0.00
VERTICAL 0.00
CHORD DJ 19.60 8.10
EK 36.40 14.70 0.00
FL 0.80 0.00 0.00
CH 34.00 15.10 0.00
DIAGONAL DI 18.20 7.90 0.00
CHORD DK 18.20 7.90 0.00
EL 37.90 15.10 0.00
RAV 17.52 6.93 0.00
RAH 0.00 0.00 0.00
RBV 48.18 19.07 0.00
REACTION AT RBH 0.00 0.00 0.00
SUPPORTS RCV 0.00
48.16 19.07
RCH 0.00 0.00 0.00
RDV 17.53 6.93 0.00
RDH 0.00 0.00 0.00
MOST CRITICAL LOADS TO BE USED FOR THE DESIG
WIND LOAD, W LRFD LOAD COMBINATIONS, NSCP 2010
DIRECTION WIND AT DIRECTION 1.2D + 1.6Lr +0.8W
Nature Internal Force (kN) Nature WIND AT DIRECTION WIND AT DIRECTION
0.00 38.64 38.64
0.00 26.04 26.04
0.00 4.24 4.24
0.00 4.24 4.24
0.00 26.04 26.04
0.00 38.64 38.64
0.00 36.96 36.96
0.00 36.96 36.96
0.00 24.88 24.88
0.00 24.88 24.88
0.00 36.84 36.84
0.00 36.84 36.84
0.00 0.96 0.96
0.00 67.20 67.20
0.00 36.48 36.48
0.00 67.20 67.20
0.00 0.96 0.96
0.00 64.96 64.96
0.00 34.48 34.48
0.00 34.48 34.48
0.00 69.64 69.64
0.00 32.11 32.11
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 88.33 88.33
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 88.30 88.30
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 32.12 32.12
0.00 0.00 0.00
D FOR THE DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS
AD COMBINATIONS, NSCP 2010 MOST CRITICAL
DESIGN LOAD NATURE PART OF
1.2D + 1.6W +0.5Lr LOAD (Kn) TRUSS
WIND AT DIRECTION WIND AT DIRECTION COMBINATION
28.74 28.74 38.64
19.44 19.44 26.04
3.14 3.14 4.24
38.64 TOP CHORD
3.14 3.14 4.24
19.44 19.44 26.04
28.74 28.74 38.64
27.39 27.39 36.96
27.39 27.39 36.96
18.50 18.50 24.88 BOTTOM
36.96
18.50 18.50 24.88 CHORD
27.27 27.27 36.84
27.27 27.27 36.84
0.96 0.96 0.96
51.03 51.03 67.20
27.57 27.57 36.48 VERTICAL
67.20 CHORD
51.03 51.03 67.20
0.96 0.96 0.96
48.35 48.35 64.96
25.79 25.79 34.48 DIAGONAL
69.64
25.79 25.79 34.48 CHORD
53.03 53.03 69.64
24.49 24.49 32.11
0.00 0.00 0.00
67.35 67.35 88.33
0.00 0.00 0.00 REACTION AT
88.33
67.33 67.33 88.30 SUPPORTS
0.00 0.00 0.00
24.50 24.50 32.12
0.00 0.00 0.00
 PART OF
MEMBER LENGTH
(m)
TRUSS

AH 1.740
HI 1.740
IJ 1.740 TOP
JK 1.740 CHORD
KL 1.740
LG 1.740
AB 1.667
BC 1.667
CD 1.667 BOTTOM
DE 1.667 CHORD
EF 1.667
FG 1.667
BH 0.499
CI 0.997
1.500 VERTICAL
DJ CHORD
EK 0.997
FL 0.499
CH 1.740
DI 1.942 DIAGONAL
DK 1.942 CHORD
EL 1.740
RAV
RAH
RBV
RBH REACTION
AT
RCV SUPPORTS
RCH
RDV
RDH
 LOAD WIND LOAD, W
CASES
WIND AT DIRECTION WIND AT DIRECTION
MEMBER WINDWARD LEEWARD TOTAL WINDWARD LEEWARD TOTAL
AH 0.0 0
HI 0 0
IJ 0 0
JK 0 0
KL 0 0
LG 0 0
AB 0 0
BC 0 0
CD 0 0
DE 0 0
EF 0 0
FG 0 0
BH 0 0
CI 0 0
DJ 0 0
EK 0 0
FL 0 0
CH 0 0
DI 0 0
DK 0 0
EL 0 0
RAV 0 0
RAH 0 0
RBV 0 0
RBH 0 0
RCV 0 0
RCH 0 0
RDV 0 0
RDH 0 0
 WIND LOAD
LOAD CASE WIND AT POSITIVE DIRECTION
WINDWARD LOAD LEEWARD LOAD
JOINT TRIBUTARY LENGTH TRIBUTARY LENGTH
A 0.8335 -
B - -
C - -
D - -
E - -
F - -
G - 0.8335
H 1.667 -
I 1.667 -
J 0.8335 0.8335
K - 1.667
L - 1.667

WIND TO THE RIGHT

SEGEMENT
WINDWARD LEEWARD
AB 3.156 3.156
BC 3.156 3.156
CD 3.156 3.156
WIND LOAD
WIND AT NEGATIVE DIRECTION
WINDWARD LOAD LEEWARD LOAD
TRIBUTARY LENGTH TRIBUTARY LENGTH
- 0.8335
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
0.8335 -
- 1.667
- 1.667
0.8335 0.8335
1.667 -
1.667 -

WIND TO THE LEFT

WINDWARD LEEWARD
3.156 3.156
3.156 3.156
3.156 3.156
 Weight Gross Area Radius of Gyration
Designation W Ag r
kg/m mm² mm
L20X20X3 0.88 112 5.9 1 L20X20X3 112 L20X20X3
L25X25X3 1.12 142 7.51 2 L25X25X3 142 L25X25X3
L30X30X3 1.36 174 8.99 3 L30X30X3 174 L30X30X3
L30X30X5 2.18 278 8.83 4 L30X30X5 278 L30X30X5
L30X30X6 2.56 327 8.74 5 L30X30X6 327 L30X30X6
L40X40X3 1.84 235 12.11 6 L40X40X3 235 L40X40X3
L40X40X5 2.97 379 11.97 7 L40X40X5 379 L40X40X5

A36
Fy = 248
Fu = 400
E = 200000