DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL GHUMARWIN

PROJECT WORK
OF
PHYSICS
SESSION:-2019-20 CLASS:-12TH [NON MEDICAL]

BOARD ROLL NO:-………………………………………………………………………

SUBMITTED BY :- SAHIL
SUBMITTED TO :- MR.PUNEET DUTT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere thanks to the

Principal Mr. Vinod Sharma, DAV public school ghumarwin

for his encouragement and for all the facilities that he

provided for this project work.

I extend my hearty thanks to Mr. Puneet Dutt, physics

teacher, who guided to the successful completion of this

project. I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of

constant encouragement, constructive comments, sympathetic attitude

and immense motivation, which has sustained my efforts at

all stages of this project work.

I can't forget to offer my thanks to my classmates

who helped me to carry out this project work successfully

and for their Valuable advice and support, which I received

from time to time

SAHIL

BIBULOGRAPHY
 http://www.physics-and-radio-

 electronics.com/electronic-devices-and-
 circuits/rectifier/halfwaverectifier.html

 e http://www.electronics-

 tutorials.ws/diode/diode 5.html

 http://www.circuitstoday.com/half-wave-

 rectifiers

 GOOGLE IMAGES

 www.wikipedia.cpm

 NCERT Physics book

 0 Comprehensive Lab Manual

PRECAUTIONS:-
 Do NOT SWITCH ON THE CIRCUIT BEFORE

CHECKING WHEAITIER IT IS CORRECT OR NOT

 The CONNECTION BETWEEN VOLTMETER AND

RESISTANCE Box SHOULD BE MADE

CORRECTLY

 CONNECT ALL THE WIRES PROPERLY. LOOSE

CONNECTION MAY END UP IN FAILURE OF

CIRCUIT.

 CAPACITOR OF LESS VOLT MAY BE

CONNECTED TO THE DIODE.

SOURCES OF ERROR:-

 The p and n parts of the diode may be changed.

 The wire connection may be loose.

CONCLUSION
A half wave rectifier is rarely used in practice. It is

never preferred as the power supply of an audio

circuit because of the very high ripple factor. High

ripple factor will result in noises in input audio

signal, which in turn will affect audio quality.

Advantage of a half wave rectifier is only that its

cheap, simple and easy to construct. It is cheap

because of the low number of components involved.

Simple because of the straight forwardness in circuit

design.

Measuring the mean current flow helps us to

understand the amount of AC current passed through

the circuit.
PROCEDURE
i. Take a AC Supply and connect it to switch.

ii. Connect the terminal part of the AC to the p part of

the diode using wire.

iii. Now Connect the Other part of the AC terminal to the

Capacitor.

iv. Connect the n-part of the diode to the capacitor.

v. Connect the both ends of a capacitor to the resistance

box.

vi. Place a connection between voltmeter and resistance

box by joining the terminals of voltmeter.

vii. Now power on the switch and find out the resultant

voltage by changing the resistance box.

viii. Calculate the current by measuring the mean voltage

and resistance using ohm's law.

EXPERIMENT
MEASUREMENT OF CURRENT USING

HALFWAVE RECTFIER

AIM:-

To determine the current by measuring Voltage and resistance

using Halfwave Rectifier.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:-

 Diode

 Capacitor(50v)

 Voltmeter

 Resistance box

 Ac supply

 Wires for connection

Output of half wave rectifier is not a constant DC

voltage. In real life applications, we need a power

supply with smooth wave forms. In other words, we

desire a DC power supply with constant output

voltage. A constant output voltage from the DC

power supply is very important as it directly impacts

the reliability Of the electronic device we connect to

the power supply.

We can make the output of half wave rectifier

smooth by using a filter (a capacitor filter or an

inductor filter) across the diode In some cases an

resistor-capacitor coupled filter (RC) is also used.

The waveforms of the output current and output voltage

are of the same shape as that of the input ac voltage.

During the negative half cycles of the input ac

voltage i.e. when the lower end of the secondary

winding is positive w.r.t. its upper end, the diode is

reverse biased and so does not conduct. Thus during

the negative half cycles of the input ac voltage, the

current through and voltage across the load remains

zero. The reverse current, being very small in

magnitude, is neglected. Thus for the negative half

cycles no power is delivered to the load.

Thus the output voltage (V L) developed across load

resistance RL is a series of positive half cycles of

alternating voltage, with intervening very small

constant negative voltage levels, It is obvious from

the figure that the output is not a steady dc, but only

a pulsating dc wave. To make the output wave

smooth and useful in a DC power supply, we have to

use a filter across the load Since only half-cycles of

the input wave are used it is called a half wave

rectifier.
 THEORY
The half-wave rectifier circuit is made by using a

semiconductor diode (D) with a load resistance Rl .

The diode is connected in series with the secondary

of the transformer and the load resistance Rl. The

primary of the transformer is being connected to the

ac supply mains.

The ac voltage across the secondary winding

changes polarities after every half cycle of input

wave. During the positive half-cycles of the input ac

voltage i.e. when upper end of the secondary

winding is positive w.r.t. its lower end, the diode is

forward biased and therefore conducts current. If the

forward resistance of the diode is assumed to be zero

(in practice, however, a small resistance exists) the

input voltage during the positive half-cycles is

directly applied to the load resistance RL, making its

upper end positive w.r.t. its lower end.

A half wave rectifier is a type of rectifier which

converts the positive half cycle (positive current) of

the input signal into pulsating DC (Direct Current)

output signal The half wave rectifier is the simplest

form of the rectifier. We use only a single diode to

construct the half wave rectifier.

The half wave rectifier is made up of an AC source,

transformer (step-down), diode, and resistor (load).

The diode is placed between the transformer and

resistor (load).
 INTRODUCTION
A rectifier a simple diode or group of diodes which

converts the Alternating Current (AC) into Direct

Current (DC).

We know that a diode allows electric current in one

direction and blocks electric current in another

direction. We are using this principle to construct

various types of rectifiers.

Rectifiers are classified into different types based on

the number of diodes used in the circuit or

arrangement of diodes in the circuit. The basic types

of rectifiers are: half wave rectifier and full wave

rectifier.