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USA The resulting increase in pressure inside the tank was so fast that the concrete dome on the tank lifted
and then collapsed down inside the tank killing the 37 construction workers inside.
The LPG tanker Yuyo Maru, with a cargo of liquefied propane gas and naphtha, collided with another
ship off Tokyo in 1974, causing a severe fire. The ship was towed several miles offshore and sunk by
gunfire. As a result of the collision, the “Yuyo Maru No. 10” suffered a large hole at the point of
collision, with her cargo naphtha, instantly igniting into flames. As a result of the outflow of naphtha
overboard, the sea surface on her starboard side literally turned into a sea of fire. The “Pacific Ares”
showered with fire burst into flames in the forecastle and on the bridge. While explosions occurred one
1974 Tokyo, Japan after another, attempts were made to tow the “Yuyo Maru No 10”, outside the bay, but she ran aground
in the vicinity of Daini Kaiho. She was successfully towed out of Tokyo Bay and sunk south of Nojima
Saki on the afternoon of November 27 by cannon, air bomb and torpedo attacks staged by the Maritime
SelfDefense Force. On board the “Yuyo Maru No. 10”, five crew members were killed and seven
others injured by this accident. The “Pacific Ares”, whose forward section was completely crushed and
superstructures burned down, was later repaired. Her crew members were all killed except one person,
who was injured but rescued.
After a power failure and the automatic closure of the main liquid line valves, 40 gallons of LNG
Massachusetts Barge
1974 leaked as it was being loaded on a barge. The LNG leaked from a oneinch nitrogenpurge globe valve
Spill, USA
on the vessel’s liquid header, causing several fractures to the deck plates.
During the filling of a cargo tank, LNG overflowed through the vent mast serving that tank. The
Aquarius Spill,
1977 incident may have been caused by difficulties in the liquid level gauge system. The highlevel alarm
Bontang, Indonesia
had been placed in the override mode to eliminate nuisance alarms.
An accident occurred due to the failure of a bottom pipe connection of an LNG tank. The tank had a
1978 Das Island, U.A.E. double wall (a 9% nickel steel inner wall and a carbon steel outer wall). Vapour from the outer shell of
the tank formed a large heavierthanair cloud which did not ignite.
1979 Mostafa Ben Bouliad While discharging cargo at Cove Point, Maryland, a check valve in the piping system of the vessel
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LNG: Accidents & Malfunctions
Spill, USA failed releasing a small quantity of LNG. This resulted in minor fractures of the deck plating.
Cove Point, In October 1979, a natural gas leak at Cove Point caused an explosion killing one plant employee and
1979
Maryland, USA seriously injuring another and causing about $3 million in damages.
A rupture in an LNG plant occurred as a result of overpressurization of the heat exchanger caused by a
1983 Bontang, Indonesia closed valve on a blowdown line. The exchanger was designed to operate at 25.5 psig. When the gas
pressure reached 500 psig, the exchanger failed and the explosion occurred.
In August 1987 an accidental ignition of an LNG vapour cloud occurred at the U.S. Department of
Mercury, Nevada,
1987 Energy Nevada Test Site during largescale tests involving spills of LNG. The cloud was accidentally
USA
ignited and damaged and propelled polyurethane pipe insulation outside the fence.
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The U.S. nuclear submarine, the U.S.S. Oklahoma City, raised its periscope into the 87,000 M
2002 USA Norman Lady LNG tanker necessitating her withdrawal briefly from service for repairs due to
penetration of outer hull allowing leakage of seawater.
A major fire occurred in the exhaust system of the propane gas turbine in the first train (Train Number
2003 Bintulu, Malaysia
7) of the MLNG Tiga project at the Petronas’ LNG Complex.
A steam boiler that was part of an LNG production plant exploded, triggering a second, more massive
2004 Skikda, Algeria vapourcloud explosion and fire. The explosions and fire destroyed a portion of the LNG plant and
caused 27 deaths, 74 injuries, and material damage outside the plant’s boundaries.
A pipeline carrying natural gas from the Belgian port of Zeebrugge to northern France exploded,
Ghislenghien,
2004 resulting in 23 known fatalities. The cause of the incident is still under investigation but it appears that
Belgium
a contractor accidentally damaged the pipe.
In June 2004, workers were evacuated after a gas turbine at Atlantic LNG’s Train 3 (Trinidad &
2004 Trinidad & Tobago
Tobago) facility exploded.
District Heights, A Washington Gas Companysponsored study released in July 2005 pointed to subtle molecular
2005 Maryland, USA differences in the imported liquefied natural gas the utility began using in August 2003 as the cause of a
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LNG: Accidents & Malfunctions
house explosion in March 2003.
A 28inch LNG underground pipeline exploded in Nigeria and the resulting fire engulfed an estimated
2005 Nigeria
27 square kilometers.
2008 Off Cape Cod, USA LNG tanker Catalunya Spirit loses propulsion. Tugs called upon to save the ship from foundering.
Yokohama Bay, LPG tanker SAKURA HARMONY, and LNG tanker (PUTERI NILAM SATU collide. Both had pilots
2013
Japan aboard. (See accident report at http://www.mlit.go.jp/jtsb/engmar_report/2014/2013tk0001e.pdf )
Collision between the bulk carrier Sunny Horizon and the LPG carrier Dl Salvia at Temasek Fairway in
2012 Straits of Malacca
Singapore, caused water pollution with more than 60 tons of fuel.
2013 Singapore LNG tanker collides with freighter – both were proceeding in the same direction.
nd
LNG tanker (with pilot aboard) runs aground off Bonny Island facility. 2 tanker brought in to effect
2014 Nigeria
delicate shiptoship cargo transfer
Explosion at Northwest Pipeline caused the slow leak of cold LNG from a 14.6milliongallon storage
2014 Oregon, USA tank that was struck by shrapnel. Population evacuated for 2 miles around facility. Highway and rail
line traffic also was shut down near the Columbia River.
Dutch freighter
Flinterstar sinks after
colliding
with 300m. Marshall Island flagged
tanker AlOraiq,
2015 Belgian coast
which also suffered damage in the accident.
The incident resulted in calls for increased regulation of LNG vessel traffic
(
http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=ulj )
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