1.

Rationale

Public Works Department is one of the Departments of Government, which looks after construction
and maintenance of Roads and Building in the State. In order to ensure timely and effective
completion of P.W.D.’s work, Public Works Department has evolved a specific setup in which
following wings/department viz Civil/Electrical/Mechanical/Architectural/Parks and Gardens
work together. The Control of the Operations of these wings vests in “Govt. of Maharashtra” and
at Govt. level this control is exercised by Minister (Public Works) and Minister of State (Public
Works) and they are assisted by Secretary (Roads) and Secretary (Works).

2. Aims / benefits of the micro project

Aim of this micro project is to understand the duties od department members and analyze the
organization chart.

3. Course outcome achieved

1. Execute the method of PWD for initiating the work

2. Execute the contract for civil engineering work.

4. Literature review

Historical Background Public Works Department (PWD), under the Ministry of Housing and
Public Works, is the pioneer in construction arena of Bangladesh. Over about two centuries, PWD
could successfully set the trend and standard in the country’s infrastructure development. And it
also plays a pivotal role in the implementation of government construction projects. Since the
emergence of PWD in 1854, the scene as well as the view of new and old Dhaka started to change
step by step. Both national and international all kinds of development have been brought by this
precious department.

Salient features of PWD

PWD has over two hundred years of experience and expertise in construction and design in
building monuments, parks and public buildings and is involved in their maintenance as well.
 It has a present strength of 19000 employees including almost 800 Graduate Engineers and
1300 Diploma Engineers and other workers.
 It has expertise in preparation of books of Specifications, in procurement of materials, in
valuation of land and property etc. o It has highly qualified and experienced professionals

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 forming a multidisciplinary team of civil, electrical and mechanical engineers. 7 o PWD also
collaborates with the engineers from other departments like Urban Development Directorate
(UDD), Housing and Settlement Directorate (HSD), Department of Architecture in the
completion of the development works. o It is also the first choice among discerning clients for
any type of government construction projects in Bangladesh. o Besides being the construction
agency of the government, it also performs regulatory function in setting the pace and
managing projects for the county’s construction industry. o It is also known as a sister
organization falling under the administrative control of the Ministry of Housing &Public
Works, to provide services to the nation. o Paramount importance is given to the functional and
aesthetic quality, application of appropriate technology and local materials, cost effectiveness
and mostly to the user satisfaction. o It aims at total Quality Management through a system of
modernization and human resource development. o And it is fully geared to meeting new
challenges in the construction sector with numerous projects.
 Over the years, the PWD has gained invaluable experience in a wide range of fields. It has
an excellent track record for quality, cost effectiveness and speed. Well documented standards,
specifications, schedule of rates, design practices, costing systems, the application of
procedures which ensures proper utilization of public funds and total accountability etc. are all
embodiments of the department.

5 Actual methodology followed

Organization of Public Works Department

Public Works Department is one of the Departments of Government, which looks after construction
and maintenance of Roads and Building in the State. The Control of the Operations of these wings
vests in “Govt. of Maharashtra” and at Govt. level this control is exercised by Minister (Public Works)
and Minister of State (Public Works) and they are assisted by Secretary (Roads) and Secretary
(Works).

The secretary (Roads) is in charge of construction and maintenance of Roads in the State. The
Secretary (Works) is in charge of construction and maintenance of Govt. Buildings, National
Highways and B.O.T. works of both roads and Buildings.

The Maharashtra State is divided in to Six Revenue Divisions. On the basis of these 6 revenue
Divisions, six P .W .Regions are established for entire Maharashtra. There are 6 Chief Engineers for
different Regions with headquarters at Mumbai, Pune , Nashik, Nagpur, Aurangabad and Amravati
and two more Chief Engineers viz. C.E. (Special Project), Mumbai who looks after the execution of

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expressway work in Mumbai and another C.E. (National Highway) who is in charge of Designs
Organization. The implementation of various works in the public Works Region is carried out under
the administrative and technical control of Regional Chief Engineers.

The Chief Engineers are assisted by Superintending Engineers in charge of Circles, posted at different
places, who are responsible for administration and execution of works within the Circles.

Under each field Superintending Engineer, 4 to 5 Executive Engineers in charge of Divisions are
posted. Each of them is having a jurisdiction of one District or 3 to 4 Taluka. For every Taluka a
Deputy Engineer in charge of Sub-Division is posted. D:\manual New\MANUAL I.doc 2 Sub-Division
is the lowest office. The prime sources for any information are the Sub-Divisional and Divisional
Offices. For works of State Sector, Executive Engineers work under the control of P.W.Deptt., whereas
for the works of Local sector, (Z.P.) Executive Engineers work under the control of Rural Development
Deptt. The State sector is looking after the works of State Highways (S.H.) and Major District Roads
(MDR), whereas the local sector is looking after the work of Other District Roads (ODR) & Village
Roads (VR).

Other than the P.W.Circles mentioned above one Vigilance & Quality Control Circle headed by
Superintending Engineer is working under each Region. The Superintending Engineer is assisted by
Executive Engineers (Vigilance) and (Quality Control). Under the Control of Vigilance & Quality
Control Circle there are Regional Laboratories as well as District Laboratories equipped with necessary
equipments for testing the quality of materials used for construction. This Circle carries out inspection
of works executed by Field Engineers to ensure that the works are not only handled and executed to
required quality, but also by following the rules and regulations, both technical and administrative, as
prescribed by Government of Maharashtra from time to time. This Circle also carries out functions of
technical audit and vigilance by means of surprise field inspection. This circle also carries out the
functions of training and education to field staff at District Head-quarters at suitable places.

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 Fig-1 organization chart of PWD

5.1.Chief Engineer:

The Chief Engineer is the professional head of the department and is responsible to Government for
efficient working. The Chief Engineer shall:

(1) Provide technical guidance and guidance for supervision for ensuring both quality and progress of
work.

(2) Ensure co-ordination of activities of different wings of the Department.

(3) Carry out inspections of the circle and divisional officers under his control as per the following
frequency:

(a) Circle offices under his control once every year.

(b) Divisional offices Ten Divisional Offices each year or every divisional office in every three to
four years D:\manual New\Manual-II.doc 3 The Chief Engineer exercises control over the performance
of the officers who maintain the Accounts. He monitors the budget allocations in general and advises
the Superintending Engineers to avoid excess or lapses of grants. If in exercising his control, any

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financial irregularity is discovered and if he considers it to be serious as to require disciplinary action,
he takes further necessary action. For the Technical (Civil) matters in the Regional Office, two
Assistant Chief Engineers assist the Chief Engineer. For monitoring the maintenance of machineries,
Asstt. Chief Engineer (Mech.) is appointed in Regional Office. For the Administrative matters in
Regional Office the Special Superintendent assists the Chief Engineer and under him Superintendent,
First Clerk, Senior Clerks, Junior Clerks are appointed

5.2. Superintending Engineer:

The Superintending Engineer is the Administrative Head of the Circle and is responsible to the
Chief Engineer and he looks after the administration and general professional control of the in-charge
officers of the department within his circle. It is the duty of the Superintending Engineer to inspect the
state of the various works within his circle and satisfy himself that the system of management
prevailing is efficient and economical. The Superintending Engineer is required to ascertain the
efficiency of the subordinate offices and out door establishment and see and report whether the staff
employed in each division is actually necessary and adequate for its management. The Superintending
Engineer is authorized to correspond directly with any of the local authorities, civil or military, within
his circle. D:\manual New\Manual-II.doc 4 He has to carry out inspections of the divisional offices
under his control once every year and those of sub-divisional offices under him once in five years. The
Superintending Engineer is the controlling authority for budget and sees that the Accounts for works,
stock, Tools & Plants are maintained throughout his circle and that the Executive Engineers submit
the Accounts to the Accountant General punctually. The budget grants are placed by the Govt. at the
disposal of Superintending Engineer He keeps the watch on the Head wise/sub head wise expenditure
as compared to budget allocations. The Superintending Engineer is required to maintain the Letter of
Credit (LOC) register in the prescribed format. He is required to monitor the expenditure against the
available budget grants and exercise the effective control over expenditure through Letter of Credit
(LOC) system as formatted by the finance dept. The Superintending Engineer has to exercise the
control on monthly expenditure as per the monthly cash-flow system introduced recently. For the
Technical matters in Circle Office, Dy. Engineer (Astt. Superintending Engineer) assists
Superintending Engineer Moreover three/four Jr. Engineers, Head Draftsman, Draftsman, Tracer etc.
assist in handling the technical matter. For the Administrative matters, Superintendent assists the
Superintending Engineer. Moreover first clerk/Sr. Clerks/Jr. Clerks are appointed to assist the
Superintendent.

1) Provide direction in the preparation of project designs. Approve the design parameters
before design work is taken up in hand.

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 2) Approve the bridge/building designs as per Guidelines and norms fixed by the codes and
Govt. This function of scrutiny and verification of designs is called as ’final design review’.

3) Draw up and issue technical circulars and notes.

4) Lay down technical norms and guidelines.

5) Prepare/Review type designs.

6) Co-ordinate design and construction.

7) Participate in the advisory roll for various Govt. Committees and study groups such as C.E.’s
committee, Scrutinizing Committee, MERI Steering Committee, New Materials Committee,
etc.

8) Provide directions and guidance in field queries and field problems.

9) Work on I.S. and I.R.C. committee as desired by Govt.

10) Provide guidance to the field officers in case of difficulties encountered during construction
and post construction period.

5.3 .Executive Engineer :

The Executive Unit of the Department is the Division in charge of an Executive Engineer who is
responsible to the Superintending Engineer for the execution and management of all works within his
division.

The Executive Engineer is responsible to see that proper measures are taken to preserve all the
buildings and roads in his division and to prevent encroachment on Government lands in his charge.
He keeps accurate plans of all Government lands. Every Executive Engineer is required to report
immediately to the Superintending Engineer about any serious accident or unusual occurrence
connected with his division and to state how he has acted in consequence.

The Executive Engineer, in addition to his other duties, acts as ex-officio professional adviser to all
the departments of the administration within the limits of his charge. The Executive Engineer has to
carry out inspection of the sub divisional officers under his control once every year.

The Executive Engineer commences the construction of any work or spends funds after receipt of the
sanction orders of the competent authority. Executive Engineer takes necessary steps to obtain funds
for the works under his control and keeps its accounts and submits them punctually to A.G. as per rules
in force. He is responsible for the correctness of the original records for expenditure etc. He has to
watch physical progress of work, the progress of expenditure under each head / subhead in relation to

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L.O.C. / Budget grants and has to watch the expenditure as per monthly cash-flow system introduced
recently. The Executive Engineer informs the likely excess expenditure on works to Superintending
Engineer as per M.P.W. manual For the technical matters in Division Office, Dy. Engineer
(Dy.Executive Engineer) assist the Executive Engineer. Moreover three D:\manual New\Manual-
II.doc 6 to four Jr. Engineers., Draftsman, Tracer etc. assist in handling the technical matters. For
administrative matter in Division Office, First Clerk assists the Executive Engineer. Accounts matter
is dealt with by the Divisional accountant in Division and for purchase of material etc. storekeeper is
appointed in Division office.

He works under guidance of Superintending Engineer and occupies the middle level of 3 tier system
(S.E., E.E., A.E./S.D.E.) and assumes duties and responsibilities inherent thereto. He is the in-charge
of ‘Unit’ comprising 6 Asst. Engineers and supporting administrative staff. He assists the D:\manual
New\Manual-II.doc 12 Superintending Engineer in all technical matters. The specific functions
performed by Executive Engineer in the Unit are as under :-

1) Assign work to Asst. Engineers and to guide them.

2) Choose and finalize the alternatives to be processed after the Asst. Engineer has completed the study
in accordance with the direction.

3) Scrutinize and verify the work of Asst. Engineer and satisfy himself about the correctness of the
designs and drawings. This function of verification is called as ‘detailed design review’.

4) Hold discussions with the consultants about their design assumptions and scrutinize the design
before submitting to Superintending Engineer.

5) Prepare Draft technical circular under guidance of Superintending Engineer.

6) Propose innovations/alternatives to the technical proposal.

7) Executive Engineer (Standards) – Bridge & Buildings assists the Superintending Engineer in
technical and administrative matters as under.

a. Assist Superintending Engineer for various technical committees and study group. ii)
Issue of technical circulars and technical notes.
b. Monitoring and review of design work in progress of both bridge and building Wings.
c. Working on Committee for “Up gradation of Technology/ Knowledge”.
d. Management of training activities for Circle.
e. Conducting, coordinating meetings, minutes of meetings and subsequent
correspondence.

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 f. Preparation/Up gradation of type plans and drawings.
g. Heads the establishment branch and hence control administrative staff.
h. Works as Drawing and Disbursing Officer for Circle.

5.4. Deputy Engineer:

A division is divided into sub divisions in charge of an Assistant Executive Engineer Class-I/Assistant
Engineer Grade-I/Sub Divisional Engineer/Sub Divisional Officer/Deputy Engineer. These officers
are responsible to the Executive Engineer in-charge of the division for the management and execution
of works within their sub divisions. The Deputy Engineer/Assistant Engineer ensure proper and timely
execution of work, ensure quality and quantity of work through testing of material & work done at
specified intervals/frequencies. The Deputy Engineer prepares estimate/revised estimate/completion
reports timely & exercises control on account pertaining to his Sub Division & submits the same timely
to the executive engineer. He executes works related to E.G.S, M.L.A., M.P.Fund Works, deposit
works etc. To handle the technical matters in Sub Divisional office, 5 to 6 Jr. Engineers are appointed
to assist Dy. Engineer. Preparations of works estimate, supervision of work, recording measurement
of the works are the important duties of the Junior Engineer. For dealing administrative matter, account
and store matter Sr. Clerk is appointed to assist Dy. Engineer of the sub division.

Function

1) Initiate actions on the cases assigned to them for preparation of designs and drawings.

2) Scrutiny of projects submitted by Consultants/field Officers. He submits his observations to

Executive Engineer as to whether designs/drawings are in order or require modifications. 3)
Preparation of designs by using standard type plan drawings.

4) Verify design calculations and assumptions done by another Sub Divisional Engineer/Asst.
Engineer as directed by the Executive Engineer.

5) Assist in preparation of draft technical circulars to the Executive Engineer.

6) Initiate correspondence for the design projects for which they are in charge.

7) Work on the Committee for ‘Up gradation of Technology

5.5. Junior engineer

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Junior Engineers are ore of the key elements in the pyramid structured executive unit of the Public
Works Department. They are responsible for the execution of original/ maintenance works and
maintenance of material accounts and public asset with which they are concerned. There were no such
rules as specified on Duties and Responsibilities of Junior Engineers in PWD Code and/ or other
manual which are being followed during execution of works in PWD.The matter was under active
consideration of this department for some time past. Now after careful consideration of the matter, the
Governor is pleased to frame over following Duties and Responsibilities of Junior Engineers under the
control of this department for the purpose of better and effective execution of works in PWD.

(a) Duties and responsibilities of the Junior Engineers when posted as supervisor at site or in
section:

1. To keep detail history of all roads, culverts, bridges and building which belong to his jurisdiction
along with Row of Road, conditions of roads, bridges, culverts & buildings.

2. To maintain a register with the work which was executed over the roads, bridges, culverts and
building premises or any other structure with relevant data like, Mouza Map, Right of way for road
stretches, Road furniture, trees, schematic as well as technical details of the asset, as-built drawings,
nature of any work executed over the asset or its portion, date of completion of the work, end date of
defect liability period (DLP) according to the contract for said work, condition of the asset during
defect liability period, Name of agency with his contract reference. This register will be road wise/
building wise. He is to update asset register on regular basis keeping all relevant drawings linked with
the asset in safe custody.

3. To inspect every road/bridge/culvert/building on periodical basis. He should maintain a register to

keep record as per his inspection and observation. For road stretches this inspection will be biweekly
basis during monsoon period. If he observes any irregularities or any damages or any difficulties at the
time of his inspection he should inform it to his higher authorities at once. The recurrence of failure is
to be informed to his higher authorities as and when identified.

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4. To watch whether any untoward matters including encroachment are going on the roads or building
premises. If he observes it, he should take suitable steps towards it and informs to his higher Authority.

5. To prepare all the preliminary & detailed estimates for original works, periodical maintenance,
addition and alteration as well as modernization as directed by his higher authorities, inclusive of
Scheduled & Non Scheduled items with proper analysis of rates, rough drawing, site plan by collecting
engineering data and drawings and submit those estimates to his immediate superior authority for
approval from competent authority.

6. To supervise and see that all works under his charge are done according to the specifications,
drawings, standards lay down in contract agreement/ tender schedule of works and approved samples
by engineer in charge. He is expected to remain at site throughout in order to see that the works are
executed properly in accordance with the requirements, standards and approved samples. It is the duty
of the Junior Engineer to bring it at once to the notice of immediate superior authority and also make
a note in the site order book if any work is not done by a Contractor maintaining stipulated period,
specifications, requirement, drawings, standards laid down and approved samples (if any) including
quality of materials.

7. To take the level of areas where earthwork or similar type of work is under execution and prepare
volumetric calculation sheets for quantitative analysis and lead charts, etc.

8. To carry out test of materials like cement, steel, bitumen, metal, wood, soil, aggregates or any other
material as directed by higher authorities and item of works as specified in contract agreement of
works, maintain register of testing of each and every item separately, and place to his immediate
superior authority to make a note in the register.

9. To arrange and issue materials, T&P to contractors/ works at the proper time so that there is no
obstruction in the execution of work.

10. To keep Government materials, T&P in his custody and care; maintain proper accounts of receipts,
issues and balances; arrange adequate watch and ward.

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11. To prepare the theoretical consumption and recovery statements for the material and Tools &Plants
supplied to agencies, or other services rendered by the department and send them to the immediate

superior authority for effecting recovery.

12. To submit progress report of works as may be required by his superiors and to bring to the notice
of his immediate superiors, hindrances to the execution of work, if any.

5.6. Supervisor

1. Set goals for performance and deadlines in ways that comply with company’s plans and
vision and communicate them to subordinates
2. Organize workflow and ensure that employees understand their duties or delegated tasks
3. Monitor employee productivity and provide constructive feedback and coaching
4. Receive complaints and resolve problems
5. Maintain timekeeping and personnel records
6. Pass on information from upper management to employees and vice versa
7. Prepare and submit performance reports
8. Decide on reward and promotion based on performance
9. Hire and train new employees
10. Ensure adherence to legal and company policies and procedures and undertake disciplinary
actions if the need arises

6.Actual resources used:-

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 SR. NAME OF RESOURCE SPECIFIACTION QUANTITY REMARKS
NO. / MATERIAL
1 ESTIMATING AND Duties Of Officers 1 B.N.Dutta
COSTING

3 www.google.com Duties of junior engineer - -

7. Outputs of the micro project

In this project we understand that duties of officer in this department and their importance in
department.

8. Skill development/ learning outcome of the micro project

In this micro project we understand functions of officers in department

9. Application of this micro project

Public Works Department is engaged in planning, designing, construction and maintenance of

government assets in the field of built environment and infrastructure development.

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