Assignment Topic:

QUALITY
Submitted by: Sabeen Zia
Roll no. 19
BBA 7th Semester
Session 2016-20

Government College Women University Sialkot

Contents
Quality .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
Types of Quality ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Implications of Quality ................................................................................................................................. 3
ISO 9000 ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
ISO 9000 Management Principals ................................................................................................................ 4
Cost of quality ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Acceptance Sampling.................................................................................................................................... 5
Needs for acceptance sampling ..................................................................................................................... 6
 QUALITY
The qualities of something are its distinguishing features, and those can be good or bad.
The qualities you look for when buying a tightrope might include strength and pliability, but you
probably wouldn't want one with a slippery quality. Quality management is about making
organization’s perform for their stakeholders – from improving products, services, systems and
processes, to making sure that the whole organization is fit and effective. Managing quality means
constantly pursuing excellence: making sure that what your organization does is fit for purpose,
and not only stays that way, but keeps improving.

There's a lot more to managing quality than just manufacturing widgets without any defects
or getting trains to run on time – although those things are certainly part of the picture

Types of Quality
Following are the types of quality.

 Experience Quality
 IT Quality
 Data Quality
 Information Quality
 Product Quality Products that fit customer needs and fulfill customer expectations
 Service Quality Services involve intangible elements of quality such as environments, customer
service and customer experience.

Implications of Quality
There are three reasons why quality is important to consider:
 Company reputation
Quality is critical to satisfying your customers and retaining their loyalty so they continue to
buy from you in the future. Quality products make an important contribution to long-term revenue
and profitability. They also enable you to charge and maintain higher prices.

 Product liability
The plaintiff will likely allege that the company was negligent, reckless or careless in the
design, manufacture or distribution of the product in question. The plaintiff may say the product
was unreasonably dangerous, had design or manufacturing defects or lacked essential information.
They will try to prove that the company demonstrated a lack of effort and concern.

 Global implication
A global definition does not exist; rather, different definitions of quality are appropriate under
different circumstances. In this article, we trace the evolution of quality definitions and describe
the trade-offs inherent in accepting one definition of quality over another. The implications of
using various definitions of quality in future research also are discussed.

ISO 9000

ISO 9000 is defined as a set of international standards on quality management and quality
assurance developed to help companies effectively document the quality system elements needed
to maintain an efficient quality system. They are not specific to any one industry and can be applied
to organizations of any size.

ISO 9000 can help a company satisfy its customers, meet regulatory requirements, and
achieve continual improvement. It should be considered to be a first step or the base level of a
quality system.

ISO 9000 Management Principals

There are eight quality management principles.
1. Customer focus
The Customer Focus is a customer service training program for companies who want to
create a stronger service culture that builds loyal relationships with their customers and a better
environment for their employees.
2. Leadership.
A simple definition is that leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act
towards achieving a common goal. ... He or she is the person in the group that possesses the
combination of personality and leadership skills that makes others want to follow his or her
direction.
3. Involvement of people.
Involvement or employee involvement can be defined as creating an environment in which
an employee participates more in the day-to-day decision-making which leads to a better
relationship with the manager. ... Definition: Introduction stage is the first stage in the product life
cycle.
4. Process approach
The process approach is a management strategy. When managers use a. process approach,
it means that they manage and control the processes that. make up their organizations, the
interactions between these processes, and. the inputs and outputs that tie these processes together
5. System approach to management. ...
By a systems approach to management is meant the study of a firm in its totality so that the
men and material resources of the firm can be organized to realize the firm's overall objectives as
efficiently as possible.
6. Continuous improvement. ...
A continual improvement process, also often called a continuous improvement process, is
an ongoing effort to improve products, services, or processes. These efforts can seek "incremental"
improvement over time or "breakthrough" improvement all at once
7. Factual approach to decision making. ...
Factual Approach to decision making. Good management practices are based on the use of
facts, data and information. The basis for factual approach to decision making is the performance
based management system. An effective QMS is one that is performance driven and results
oriented.
8. Mutually beneficial supplier relationships.
Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationship. ... A supplier is a partner of an organization in
its product realization. An organization and its suppliers are interdependent. A mutually beneficial
relationship between the organization and its supplier enhances the ability to both to create value
to each other

Cost of quality

Acceptance Sampling

Acceptance sampling is a statistical measure used in quality control. It allows a company to

determine the quality of a batch of products by selecting a specified number for testing. The quality
of this designated sample will be viewed as the quality level for the entire group of products.
Three aspects of sampling are
important:

 Involve random
sampling of entire ‘lot’
 Accept and reject lots
 Audit tool

Needs for acceptance sampling

 Any inspection procedure involving 100% inspection needs huge expenditure of time
,money and labor.
 Expenditure on inspection is considered as dead weight cost
 Handling the product may cause deterioration moreover, handling the large quantity is not
an easy task
 Sometimes the nature of items may such that these may be completely destroy during the
process of inspection..