TOBOSOXCASTORXXX

Department of Education
Region VI
Division of Iloilo City
Mandurriao National High School
Q. Abeto Street, Mandurriao, Iloilo City
Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games
A Research Proposal
Presented to
Cheryl D. Uy
Faculty, Senior High School
Iloilo City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research)
General Academic Strand
Presented by
Lyian O. Toboso
Jerrey Castor
12 – GAS B
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Background of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Scope and Delimitation
Definition of Terms
Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature
Effects of Video Games
Video Games
Summary
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Chapter 3 – Methodology
Research Design
Respondents of the Study
Instrument
Procedure
Data Analysis
Chapter 4 – Presentation, Analysis and Data Interpretation
Table
Table
Table
Table
Chapter 5 – Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
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Appendices
Letter to the Respondents
Letter to the Principal
Questionnaire
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Chapter I
Introduction to the Study
This chapter consist of seven parts. Part 1, Background of the Study; Part 2,
Conceptual Framework; Part 3, Statement of the Problem; Part 4, Research Hypothesis;
Part 5, Significance of the Study; Part 6, Scope and Delimitation; and Part 7, Definition of
Terms.
Background of the Study
A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to
generate visual feedback on a two or three dimensional video display device such as a TV
screen, virtual reality headset or computer monitor. Since the1980s, video games have
become an increasingly important part of the entertainment industry, and whether they are
also a form of art is a matter of dispute. The electronic systems used to play video games
are called platforms. Video games are developed and released for one or several platforms
and may not be available on others. Specialized platforms such as arcade games, which
present the game in a large, typically coin operated chassis, were common in the 1980s in
video arcades, but declined in popularity as other, more affordable platforms became
available. These include dedicated devices such as video game consoles, as well as general
purpose computers like a laptop, desktop, or handheld computing devices.

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However. video games can change the brain regions responsible for attention and
skills and make them more efficient. The researchers also looked at studies exploring brain
regions associated with the reward system, and how these are related to video game
addiction.
According to Danielle Dai and Amanda Fry 2014, there are various types of video
games available in today’s industry. Video games are intended to target different aspects of
a child’s life. These video games are comprised of a variety of educational, serious, and
casual games, but in reality, what child is going to choose a game about learning versus a
game where they can kill zombies or drive cars at unruly amounts of speed? A study from
Buchman and Funk found that “violent games became consistently popular across grades
for both boys and girls” (Cesarone, 1998).
Educational games were more popular for some of the girls being asked, but
throughout all the age groups, violent video games never lost their superior power in the
gaming industry. Studies have shown the negative effects violent video games have on the
younger generation. Calvert and Tan did a study on young adults, where they compared the
differences between playing versus observing violent video games. Studies found that
“students who had played a violent virtual reality game had a higher heart rate, reported
more dizziness and nausea, and exhibited more aggressive thoughts in a posttest than those
who had played a nonviolent game” (Cesarone, 1998).

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Although these studies do not directly determine if aggression increases in their
experimenters, they are able to observe behavioral changes that include more aggressive
patterns.
Theoretical Framework
One of the early innovators working in the video game industry during the 1970s and
1980s, Tim Skelly has a number of notable accomplishments which influenced the
growing video game industry. While working at Cinematronics, he designed and wrote
vector games, the first of which, Starhawk (1978) saved the company from going bankrupt
(Starhawk was also one of the earliest games to breach the boundary between the diegetic
and non-diegetic aspects within a video game; see his description below). Skelly’s second
game, Sundance (1979), for which he also designed the cabinet artwork (as he did for all
his games), had a switch that could set the display to either English or Japanese, making it
one of the first multilingual games produced. Next Skelly wrote Warrior (1979), the first
one-on-one fighting game which began the fighting genre. Warrior featured a top view of
two knights sword-fighting, and it was the first game to use inverse kinematics, a computer
animation technique which determines the positions of joints based on the endpoints of the
jointed figure (in Warrior, the points of the swords), rather than requiring the movements to
be calculated segment by segment. In addition to inventing the fighting genre, Skelly also
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designed the first true two-player cooperative game, Rip Off (1980). (An earlier two-player
game, Atari’s Fire Truck (1978), came close, but was really a single-player game operated
by two players.) After three more vector games for Cinematronics, Armor Attack (1980),
Star Castle (1980), and War of the Worlds (1982), Skelly created Reactor (1982) for
Gottlieb, which became the first video game in which the game company agreed to feature
the designer’s name onscreen. Skelly would create two more games for Gottlieb (later
renamed Mylstar), Insector (1982) and Screw Loose (1983), before going on to co-found a
company, Incredible Technologies, which designed and developed interactive software.
Conceptual Framework
The major concept of this study is focused on the students perception on the effects of
video games.
Independent Variables Dependent Variables
A. Sex Effects of Video Games
B. Strand
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Figure 1. Shows the Relationship between the Dependent and Independent Variables on
the effects of video games.
Statement of the Problem
This study determined students perception on the effects of video games.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following Questions:
1. What are the effects of video games
2. What is the students perceptions on the effects of video games when the respondents
are classified or grouped according to:
A. Sex
B. Year Level
C. Strand
3. Is there a significant difference in the students perception on the effects of video
games when respondent are grouped or classified into:
A. Sex
B. Year Level
C. Strand
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Research Hypothesis
Based on the stated problems, the following hypothesis are hereby formulated:
1. There is no significant difference on the perception of the effects of video games
when the respondents are grouped or classified into:
A. Sex
B. Year Level
2. There is a significant difference on the perception of the effects of video games
classified into:
A. Sex
B. Year Level
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Significance of the Study
This study was conducted to determine the students perception on the effects of video
games. The result of this study will be beneficial to the teachers, students administration of
school, parents and as well the future researchers and the others interested individuals
because it can give empirical data as base individuals for suggestions on the effects of
video games.
Teachers - The data will be used to inform the parents about the effects of video games
on their children.
Students - It will help the student on their studies and also it will give
information on how to minimize the effects of video games.
Administration of School - This study may serve as a baseline data for the
improvement of school and to lessen the students using video games.
Parents - They are concerned to the performance on their children about their school
performance because of the effects of video games.
Future Researchers - A researcher findings investigation in due future.

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Scope and Delimitation
This study determined the students perception on the effects of video games. This
study includes the sex, year level and strand of the respondent as variables.
This study included 229 SHS students of MNHS who will be randomly selected. Each
respondents will be given the questionnaires to answer. This study was conducted on
January 24-31, 2019 at MNHS.
Definition of Terms
For the Purpose of clarity and Understanding of the terms used in the study. The
following are defined conceptually and operationally.
Effects-A change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. (Oxford
Dictionaries)
Perception- The act or the effect of perceiving. (Collins Dictionary)
Students- A person who attends a school. (Merriam Webster)
Video Games- A game in which the player controls moving pictures on a television
screen by pressing buttons or moving a short handle. (Cambridge Dictionary)

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Chapter II
Review Related Literature
This chapter is the synthesis of research that provides supporting concepts and ideas
in student’s perception on the effects of video games.
Anderson & Bushman. (2001). Most of the bad effects of video games are blamed on
the violence they contain. Children who play more violent video games are more likely to
have increased aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and decreased pro social
helping, according to a scientific study.
J soc Psychol. (2013) According to self-perception theory, individuals infer their
characteristics by observing their own behavior. In the present research, the hypothesis is
examined whether helping behavior increases perceptions of one's own humanity even
when help is given that does not benefit a real person. In fact, two studies revealed that
playing a pro social video game (where the goal is to help and care for other game
characters) led to increased perceptions of the player's own humanity (in particular, for
positive humanity traits). Results also revealed that playing a violent, relative to a neutral,
video game decreased perceptions of humanity on positive humanity traits and increased
perceptions of humanity on negative humanity traits. Taken together, it appears that being
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helpful while playing video games leads to the perception of being more human, whereas
being harmful while playing video games leads players to perceive themselves negatively.
Gwen Dewar. (2010-2014) Video games are highly interactive and adaptive, and
often induce a sense of psychological "flow" in players -- that sense of effortless
concentration that makes time fly.
Such features make for compelling entertainment, and promising educational applications.
But they might also lead some players to spend too much time on the couch. And there is
also the worry that the content of certain video games--particularly those with violent
themes--might have a negative effect on behavior.
Drea Christopher. Whether your child plays video games on a portable unit, a
television or the Internet, excessive gaming can affect his life. Video game addiction can be
as problematic as gambling and affects players as young as 8 years old, notes Keith Baker,
director of Smith and Jones Addiction Consultants, in an article for Brigham Young
University’s News Net. Be aware of the effects of a video game compulsion to keep your
child's hobby in check. He shouldn't be getting any more than two hours of screen time per
day and this includes time playing games, watching television and surfing the Internet,
according to HealthyChildren.org
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Chapter III
Research Methodology
This chapter represent the description of research design. The respondents, research
instrument and research procedure.
Research Design
This study was used the descriptive type of Research Design determining the students
perception on the effects of video games.
This is because the nature of the study is to generate knowledge from a critical
investigation. According to Zulueta et al (2006),” descriptive method of research focus on
the present condition. The purpose is to find the truth. The truth may have different forms
such as increased quantity of knowledge, new generalization or new “law”, an increased
insight into factors which are operating, the discovery of new causal relationship, or more
Accurate formulation of the problem to be solved”. This research design is suit to our
study.
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Research Procedure
The researchers proposed a title, was examined and revised by the adviser and come
up with the topic entitled “Student’s perception on the effects of video games”.
The chapter 1 was presented in front of the panels and approved then chapter 2 was used as
a baseline for the questionnaire and questionnaire check list was being used. The
researchers will gather the data, encode, tally and process using the Microsoft word
Software, the result will be analysed and interpreted. The statistical tools that will be used
to analyse the data were the mean, t-test and one-way ANOVA.
Research Instrument
The Researchers will be used a questionnaire–checklist to gather data. The
questionnaire checklist is divided into two parts.
Part one of the questionnaire checklist is the demographic profile of the respondents
which include their sex, year level and strand which are the research variables.
Part two of the questionnaire – checklist will obtain the students level of agreement
on the perception on the effects of video games. Using the Likert-type scale, each statement
will be given one set of five checkboxes and it will be ranked by the Respondents from
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Strongly Agree, Agree, Neither agree or nor disagree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree will be
use to determined the students perception on the effects of video games.
Respondents of the study
The identified respondents of the study are the 539 SHS students enrolled in
Mandurriao National High School. 229 included as the sample of the study. This sample
size is determined using the Slovin’s formula set at 5% margin of error
The respondents will be selected using the stratified random sampling
n= N
1 + Ne 2
Table 1. Distribution of population According to sex.
SEX Frequency %
Male 115 50.21%
Female 114 49.79%
Total 229 100%
Table 1 shows the distribution of the respondents according to Sex of the 229 respondents
115 or 50.21% are the male and 114 and 49.79% are the female.
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Table 1.1 Distribution of Population According to Strand
Strand Frequency %
ABM 27 11.79%
GAS 78 34.06%
HUMSS 60 26.20%
TVL 64 27.95%
TOTAL 229 100%
Table 1.1 shows the distribution of the respondents according to Strand. 229 respondents
ABM 27 or 11.79%, GAS 78 or 34.06%, HUMSS 60 or 26.20% and TVL 64 or 27.95%.
Table 1.2 Distribution of respondents according to Year level.
Year level Frequency %
Grade 11 110 48.04%
Grade 12 119 51.96%
Total 229 100%
Table 2. shows the distribution of the respondents according to Year level. 229 respondents
110 or 48.04% are Grade 11 and 119 or 51.96% are Grade 12.
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Research Instruments
The main tool that will be used in this study is a researcher’s made questionnaire – rank
order - the set of questionnaire – rank order will be consists of the student’s respondents.
The questionnaire – rank order is consists of the student level of agreement to
questionnaire.
Research Procedure
The original title by the researcher was rank order, revised and rank by the researcher’s
advisers to maintain conformity on the subject of research. The questionnaire-rank order
that aims to draw out proper responses on the objective of this study will be constructed.
This questionnaire-rank order will be made by the researcher and will be presented to,
analyzed and rank by the research adviser to ensure the validity of responses.
Permit to conduct research and study will be secured of letter requesting, permission to
the principal of Mandurriao National High School. Data gathered from answered
questionnaire will be rank, classified, tabulated and analyzed according to the research
design described in this chapter using Microsoft Excel and prepared for final presentation
to the expects of different fields of the specialization.

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Data Analysis
The data gathered for this study will be processed and analysed using the following
statistical tools.
Mean. This will be used to analyse Students perception on the Effects of Video Games.
This will be used to tabulate the responses based on their answer on the research
questionnaire.
T-test. This will be utilize to test the significant difference in Students perception on
the Effects of Video Games when they are classified according to sex, strand and year
level
ANOVA (Analysis of Variables). This will utilized to test Students Perception on the
Effects of Video Games when they are classified according to sex, year level and
strand.
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Chapter IV
Data Analysis Interpretation and Results finding
This chapter presents the Presentation, Analysis and Interpreting Data. This
investigation was conducted at the Mandurriao National High School Department on
January 24-31, 2019.
Respondents
The identified population of this study is the 539 Senior High, School students of
Mandurriao National High School. 229 Senior High School students were included as the
sample size of the study. The sample size was determined using of slovin's formula set at 5%
margin of error. Stratified random sampling was used in selecting the respondents.
Table 1.1 Distribution of Respondents
Sex Frequency Percentage
Male 115 50.21%
Female 114 49.79%
Total 229 100%

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Table 1.1 Shows the distribution of respondents according to sex. In 229 respondents, 115
(50.21%) are male and 114 (49.79%) are the female. This is not equal distribution of
respondents when classified according to sex.
Table 1.2 Distribution of Respondents According to Year Level.
Year Level Frequency Percentage
Grade 11 110 48.04%
Grade 12 119 51.96%
Total 229 100%
Table 1.2 Shows the distribution of the respondents according to year level of the 229
respondents, 110 (48.04%) are Grade 11 and 119 (51.96%) are Grade 12. There is not equal
distribution of respondents when classified according to year level.
Table 2. Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games.
Statements Mean
Cause violent behaviors 4.21
Cause addiction to video games 3.87
Cause brain damage 3.37

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Cause migraine due to intense concentration or eye strain 4.17
Cause depression, low self-esteem, high stress levels, and 4.19
shyness/social anxiety
OVERALL MEAN 3.96
Table 2 Shows Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games. The majority of
respondents Strongly Agree that the effects of video games can cause violent behaviors
with the mean 4.21 and the least or Strongly Disagree that the effects of video games can
cause brain damage with the mean 3.37.
Table 3 Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games according to sex.
Questions Mean Overall mean
Female Male
Cause violent behaviors 4.38 4.09 4.23
Cause addiction to video games 3.77 3.99 3.88
Cause brain damage 3.61 3.47 3.54
Cause migraine due to intense 3.08 3.78 3.43
concentration or eye strain
Cause depression, low self-esteem,
high stress levels, and 4.07 4.01 4.04
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Overall Mean 18.91 19.34 19.12
Table 3 Shows Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games when they are classified
according to sex. Both Male and Female agreed that the effects of video games can cause
violent behaviors with the highest mean (4.23). And the lowest mean of (3.43).
Table 4 Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games when classified into Year
Level.
Questions Mean Overall mean
Grade 11 Grade 12
Cause violent behaviors 4.12 4.21 4.16
Cause addiction to video games 3.71 3.87 3.79
Cause brain damage 3.53 3.37 3.45
Cause migraine due to intense 4.2 4.17 4.18
concentration or eye strain
Cause depression, low self-esteem,
high stress levels, and 3.87 4.19 4.03
Overall Mean 19.43 19.81 19.61
Table 4 shows the Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games when they are
classified according to Year Level. Both Grade 11 and Grade 12 Agreed that video games
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can cause violent behaviors with the mean of (4.16). And the lowest is cause brain damage
with the mean of ( 3.45).
Table 4.1 Level of significance Differences of the Research Variable Sex.
SEX MEAN P-VALUE INTERPRETATION
Male 19.34
Female 18.91
YEAR LEVEL MEAN P-VALUE INTERPRETATION
Grade 11 19.34
Grade 12 19.81
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Chapter V
Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendation
This chapter presents the summary or research work undertaken, the conclusions
drawn and the recommendation made as outgrowth of this study.
Summary of Findings
This study included the 229 participants in the Senior High School students of
Mandurriao National High School who will be randomly selected. This study is conducted
to determine the Students Perception on the Effects of Video Game. The main purpose of
the study is to determine the students perception on the effects of video games. And the
result of this study is the highest is Cause violent behaviors with the mean (4.21).
Conclusion
On the basis of the findings of the study, the following conclusion are drawn.
The researchers concluded that most of the respondents believed that video games
can cause violent behaviors and because of the negative feedback of the respondents
regarding the “Violent behavior” with the mean of (4.21).

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Recommendation
Based on the findings and conclusion presented, the following recommendations are
suggested.
1. Students recommend to lessen the amount of time spending in playing video
games, because it can cause addiction.
2. Students recommend to limit their self using computers, and be supervised by the
adults.
3. Students recommend to engage in outdoor sports like basketball, Volleyball, etc.
For them to improve their skills and talents and also to stay away in their rooms
playing video games.

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"STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON THE EFFECTS OF VIDEO GAMES"
Instruction/Direction:
Please check (✔) the response that corresponds to your choice. Please answer as honest as
you can.
Part I. Respondents Profile
Name: (Optional) Sex: Male
Year Level: Grade 11 Female
Grade 12
Strand: ABM TVL
HUMMS GAS
II. Direction: Put a check on the boxes that corresponds to your responses to the following
statements.
5-Strongly Agree
4-Agree
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3-Neither Agree or nor Disagree
2- Disagree
1- Strongly Disagree
In my opinion, Video games can.. 1 2 3 4 5
1. Can cause violent behaviors
2. Cause addiction to video games
3. Cause brain damage
4. Cause migraine due to intense concentration
or eye strain
5.Cause depression, low self-esteem, high
levels, and shyness/social anxiety.

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Department of Education

Students Perception on the Effects of Video Games

Background of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitation

Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature

Effects of Video Games

Respondents of the Study

Chapter 4 – Presentation, Analysis and Data Interpretation

Chapter 5 – Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

Letter to the Respondents

Letter to the Principal

Introduction to the Study

Conceptual Framework; Part 3, Statement of the Problem; Part 4, Research Hypothesis;

Background of the Study

purpose computers like a laptop, desktop, or handheld computing devices.

for both boys and girls” (Cesarone, 1998).

who had played a nonviolent game” (Cesarone, 1998).

Although these studies do not directly determine if aggression increases in their

company, Incredible Technologies, which designed and developed interactive software.

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

A. Sex Effects of Video Games

the effects of video games.

Statement of the Problem

This study determined students perception on the effects of video games.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following Questions:

1. What are the effects of video games

are classified or grouped according to:

3. Is there a significant difference in the students perception on the effects of video

games when respondent are grouped or classified into:

1. There is no significant difference on the perception of the effects of video games

when the respondents are grouped or classified into:

2. There is a significant difference on the perception of the effects of video games

Significance of the Study

information on how to minimize the effects of video games.

improvement of school and to lessen the students using video games.

performance because of the effects of video games.

Future Researchers - A researcher findings investigation in due future.

Scope and Delimitation

January 24-31, 2019 at MNHS.

following are defined conceptually and operationally.

Effects-A change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. (Oxford

Perception- The act or the effect of perceiving. (Collins Dictionary)

Students- A person who attends a school. (Merriam Webster)

screen by pressing buttons or moving a short handle. (Cambridge Dictionary)

Review Related Literature

in student’s perception on the effects of video games.

helping, according to a scientific study.

J soc Psychol. (2013) According to self-perception theory, individuals infer their

often induce a sense of psychological "flow" in players -- that sense of effortless

concentration that makes time fly.

themes--might have a negative effect on behavior.

instrument and research procedure.

perception on the effects of video games.

investigation. According to Zulueta et al (2006),” descriptive method of research focus on

such as increased quantity of knowledge, new generalization or new “law”, an increased

The Researchers will be used a questionnaire–checklist to gather data. The

questionnaire checklist is divided into two parts.

use to determined the students perception on the effects of video games.

Respondents of the study

size is determined using the Slovin’s formula set at 5% margin of error

The respondents will be selected using the stratified random sampling