WATER RESOURCE

ENGINEERING
(CONTROL OF WATER)
A structure for water control is a structure in a
water management system that conveys water,
controls the direction or rate of flow, or maintains
a desired water surface elevation.

These structures are normally installed in a well

planned irrigation, drainage, reservoirs, dams and
water pipes system.

These structures also are used in water

management to control the stage, discharge,
distribution, delivery, or direction of flow in open
channels or water use areas. The structures
installed under this practice may also be used to
improve water quality
THESE ARE COMMON STRUCTURES THAT
CONTROLS THE WATER

IRRIGATION IS THE APPLICATION OF CONTROLLED

AMOUNTS OF WATER TO PLANTS AT NEEDED INTERVALS.
IRRIGATION HELPS TO GROW AGRICULTURAL CROPS,
MAINTAIN LANDSCAPES, AND REVEGETATE DISTURBED
SOILS IN DRY AREAS AND DURING PERIODS OF LESS
THAN AVERAGE RAINFALL.
A DAM is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of
water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by
dams not only suppress floods but also provide water
for activities such as irrigation, human consumption
specially the energy usage and the fresh water

A RESERVOIR is an artificial lake where water is stored.

Most reservoirs are formed by constructing dams
across rivers. A reservoir can also be formed from a
natural lake whose outlet has been dammed to
control the water level. The dam controls the amount
of water that flows out of the reservoir
A WATER PIPE SYSTEM or water supply system is a
system of hydrologic planning and some
hydraulic components which provide fresh water to
the consumers. Also by controlling the amount of
water distributed, it is based on the sizes and flow of
water through the pipes

Water is generally treated before distribution and

sometimes also chlorinated, in order to prevent
recontamination. Water pipes are required almost
everywhere, especially for drinking water distribution
DRAINAGE is the natural or artificial removal
of a surface's water and sub-surface water
from an area with excess of water.
A waterway that construct to allow the water for
disposal. It will flow along the ground and
penetrate to the soil, until it gets to the water table

However it is very important for big cities after

heavy rains that can cause floods
WHY DO WE NEED TO CONTROL THE WATER OR TO HAVE THIS STRUCTURES ?
BECAUSE OF:
1. HEAVY RAINS THE SIMPLEST EXPLANATION FOR FLOODING IS HEAVY RAINS. NO
MATTER WHERE YOU LIVE, YOU ARE SURROUNDED BY INFRASTRUCTURE AND SYSTEMS
DESIGNED TO MOVE RAINWATER INTO APPROPRIATE BASINS AND RESERVOIRS. IN
MOST CASES, THE INFRASTRUCTURE DOES ITS JOB.
2. OVERFLOWING RIVERS YOU DO NOT NECESSARILY NEED TO HAVE HEAVY RAINS TO
EXPERIENCE FLOODING IN YOUR AREA. FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU LIVE ALONG A RIVER
AND AREAS UPSTREAM FROM YOU EXPERIENCE HEAVY RAINS AND RIVER ABRUPTLY
OVER FLOW. MOST LARGER RIVERS INCLUDE A SERIES OF DAMS TO HELP MANAGE
LARGE AMOUNTS OF RAINFALL TO HOLD.
3. WATER SHORTAGE OR WATER SCARCITY IS THE LACK OF SUFFICIENT AVAILABLE
WATER RESOURCES TO MEET THE DEMANDS OF WATER USAGE WITHIN A REGION.
WHILE THE CONCEPT OF WATER STRESS IS RELATIVELY NEW, IT IS THE DIFFICULTY OF
OBTAINING SOURCES OF FRESH WATER FOR USE DURING A PERIOD OF TIME AND
MAY RESULT IN FURTHER DEPLETION AND DETERIORATION OF AVAILABLE WATER
RESOURCES. WATER SHORTAGES MAY BE CAUSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE, SUCH AS
ALTERED WEATHER PATTERNS INCLUDING DROUGHTS OR FLOODS, INCREASED
POLLUTION, AND INCREASED HUMAN DEMAND AND OVERUSE OF WATER.