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Gita Sekar Prihanti,1 Eko Setyo Herwanto,1 Galih Bayu Prakoso,1 Gusti Gandha
Pandya,1 Cha Cha Astrid Ghesa,1 Hiolda Lubvianda Oktavin,1 Yulanda Fitriana1
1
Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Malang
(E-mail:prihantigitasekar@gmail.com)
ABSTRACT
cadres in TB case finding, where the motivation is one of the factors that support the
performance of TB cadres. Knowing factors that affect the motivation of TB cadres case
Methods: This study is observational analytic method with cross sectional study design
motivation with a total of 39 questions. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics
univariate, bivariate test by Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis test and continued
variables that have a significant influence on the motivation of TB cadres, the old cadres
factor (p = 0.000;OR = 106,643,280.9; -19.8631 95% CI; -17 108), Job (not working) (p
CI 0545; 4.811).
incentives budget both money and non-money. Coaching directly from health workers
INTRODUCTION
Based on the 2014, WHO report on the global level is estimated 9.6 million new
TB cases, with 3.2 million cases diiantaranya female patients. With 1.5 million
occurred in five countries, namely India, Indonesia, China, the Philippines and
Pakistan.2 Meanwhile, based on the data Riskesdas 2018, the number of TB cases in
Indonesia reaches 0.4 percent of the population, which is about less than 1 million he
Data from January to December 2018, Kediri City Health Department recorded 820
TB case finding. Of 3 clinics in Kediri region which has a population of most, namely
Sukorame Pubilic Health Care (PHC) with evaluation program results of 71.4%,
Campur Rejo achieve 77.4%, and Pesantren 2 achieve 52.3% which of the three
results are not achieve the specified targets.3
The number of TB treatment failures due to the lengthy process of therapy, several
types of drugs, and the side effects of the drug. Many factors affecting TB patients to
adhere the treatment. Self-motivation, awareness about the disease and treatment,
support and counseling services, family support, nutritional support and social support
The high prevalence of TB reflects the failure of TB treatment is still high is also
activities and funding, so the achievement of target performance appraisal clinics were
not achieved. Besides the low rate of discovery of new TB cases in the community is
still low, It requires a good role of TB cadres in Kediri, where as motivation is one of
motivation. Intrinsic motivation (inner) cadres factors include age, education level, the
(encouragement that come from outside the individual), which includes the training of
METHODS
This research was observational analytic with cross sectional study design. This
research was conducted at the health center Sukorame Kediri. The study was conducted
Number of samples in this study were all cadres TB Kediri amount 63 people. The
independent variables in this study are the factors that influence the motivation of
cadres of TB that is intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors (inner) coverage,
education level, occupation, old cadres, knowledge and attitudes TB cadres. Esktrinsik
factors (impulse that comes from outside the individual) includes the training of cadres
and cadres incentives for TB. While the dependent variable in this study is motivated
with Chi Square test if the requirements are met and use of alternative test
RESULTS
In this study, the data obtained is the primary data taken through measurement
people, that is by using a total sampling. In this chapter we will expalin the results of
research by starting from the characteristics of the respondents, the results of Chi-square
Based on the above table it is known that out of 59 respondents, respondents who
have less motivation 3 (5.1%), respondents who have enough motivation as much as 19
(32.2%), and respondents who have a good motivation as much as 37 (62.7 %).
The data analysis influence of age and incentives to motivate cadres TB case
detection rate of TB suspects in the town of Kediri using Mann Whitney test has a
significance value (p) respectively are 0.004 and 0.044. Effect of education level, the
old cadres, and work on the motivation of cadres TB case detection rate of TB suspects
in the City of Kediri using Kruskal Wallis test has a significance value (p) respectively
Based on the results of the analysis can be concluded that there is a relation
between the factors of age, education level incentives, the old cadres, and work on the
age, duration been a cadres, employment and incentives, so we get the following
equation:
Y Low = -20.917- (18 485 (Old cadres <2y) + 3,021 (does not work) + 2,678 (private) -
Y pretty = -17.639- (18 485 (Old cadres <2y) + 3,021 (does not work) + 2,678 (private)
Old cadres has an influence on the motivation of cadres of TB in the Kediri Region.
OR value obtained is 106,643,280.9 means the chances of cadres working <2y to have
less motivation is 106,643,280.9 rather than acting> 5thn. Because OR> 1 can also be
said the possibility of cadres working <2y to have less motivation is 106,643,280.9 x of
work> 5thn.
Region. OR value obtained was 0,048 means that no work cadres opportunity to have a
good motivation is 0,048 rather than acting. Because OR <1 can also be said the
possibility of cadres that do not work to have a good motivation is 0,048 x of the cadres
Kediri Region. OR value obtained is 0.0687 means the chances of cadres who work
(private) to have a good motivation was 0.0687 compared to the work (civil servants
and entrepreneurs). Because OR <1 can also be said the possibility of cadres who work
(private) to have a good motivation is 0.0687 x of the cadres who work (civil servants
and entrepreneurs).
Because OR> 1 can also be said that the incentive cadres possibility not appropriate to
Results present findings of the study without opinion of the authors. Findings
should be concise and can be presented using tables, graphs and narratives. Table must
be single space and must be numbered based on its occurrence in the text. The
maximum of four tables and/or graphs are allowed which must contain a short
self-explanatory title. The title of table is placed above the table with left alignment,
single space. The title of graph is placed under the graph with centre alignment, single
space. Only show the horizontal lines within the tables and do not show the vertical
lines. Please refer to the following examples of table and graph formats.
DISCUSSION
In this study showed a significant relation between age and motivation of cadres TB.
According to research conducted by Sumartini found an association between age and the
role of cadres. This is because with age the level of maturity in thinking and behavior also
increase thereby increasing a person's ability to make decisions, control emotions, to
think rationally, to adapt the behavior to the environment and tolerance for the views of
others. Older age, tend to be more earn the trust of society, because it is considered more
experience and more mature, thus facilitating the smooth implementation of the
Cadres in the older age groups are more active because it gives them a lot of time in
the morning and there is a commitment in their environment.This statement shows that
the age of respondents got older it will be easier to adapt to the surrounding
environment.9,19 Supported by other research, the older cadres will significantly improve
their performance. Some evidence mentions the older cadres more respected in their
the older cadres is relatively easy to perform household tasks in the community, because
of the respect they receive from the public can act as something that facilitates their
work.10,21
In the study conducted Maryse also showed that states that The age group 30-40
years to be the most appropriate to be cadres in Kenya to get optimal results. The younger
cadres have less than optimal performance .In Bangladesh cadre of older tend to be more
conducted by Ratih, which states the level of education affect a person's level of
knowledge, while knowledge can be obtained from the presence of cadres training. So in
this study, the researchers assume that the level of education no significant effect on the
motivation of cadres due to knowledge about TB cadres are good enough and evenly for
each cadre of TB have been trained.12 In contrast to research conducted by Maryse which
states thathigher education level cadres who have a proven ability good recording. Longer
cadres. The high level of education will contribute to the health knowledge, one of the
indicators of this research. In addition, the cadre with higher education status will be
easier to understand how to write and send their monthly reports, and work better.14,17
conducted by Yanti where the longer become a health worker will be more and more
experience and knowledge so that health workers can be expected to serve the community
with a better and more professional.7 Cadres who have a longer service life will have a
deeper closeness with the community, because it is more widely known and have
interaction in a longer time / frequent in the community than a new working period.16
Longer work experience is one of the factors that influence the research undertaken.
If a cadre has long working experience, they have more opportunity to receive effective
training, supervision and incentives of any kind and to establish confidential relationships
conducted by Maryse which states thatcadres who have fewer household tasks and cadres
Work also affect the interest of cadre. Works most influential interest in becoming
volunteers are housewives (does not work). Mothers have a good attitude toward interest
in becoming a volunteer. In this study, the distribution of the data also show that as many
as 53 respondents were women showed that women who work as a housewife (not
Incentives have a significant relationship to the motivation of cadres. The results are
consistent with research conducted by Kofi, et al which stated that the incentive is one of
the most extrinsic factors increase the motivation to be a cadre. Incentive have been
shown to improve the performance of the work of health workers in Ghana. Wenting et al
also says that one of the motivating factors is an incentive which is very effective
Economic incentives and control policies may undermine intrinsic motivation but
Lindquist, et al researcher trying to determine the motivation for someone to choose a job
with low pay and challenging. The results showed that the volunteers chose their jobs
most common for personal pleasure or the respondents considered that this role is the best
The lack of clarity over who will pay incentives and the amount of work in the
absence of incentives for some people affect motivation and performance. However,
some health care complained about the participation of cadres only in tasks that are given
incentives.16
TB cadre of knowledge can not be analyzed because of all respondents have good
knowledge with 67-100% of the value of a questionnaire. In research Okeyo mentions the
knowledge about the disease, treatment, and good communication is a key element in
ensuring the quality and communication to patients. Public health officials should have a
good knowledge to facilitate the discovery of cases and appropriate case management, the
prevention and control of TB.5 In the study conducted by Eko Wahyudi suggests there is a
relationship between knowledge of health volunteers with the discovery of a suspect case
of pulmonary tuberculosis. The better knowledge of the cadres of the development tasks
in TB case detection, the better the action in finding cases of TB in the community.14
Attitude can not be analyzed dueall respondents have good knowledge with 67-100%
wishes someone so that it affects the behavior and ultimately realized by deeds. In
research Nisa states that there is a significant relationship between the attitude of health
workers to practice of the invention suspect cases of TB. The better attitude about the task
of developing a cadre of volunteers in TB case finding the better the action cadres in
Training factors can not be analyzed due all respondents never received training. The
training provided will provide increased knowledge and skills in performing their duties
as volunteers. Training is one of the factors that affect work productivity, job training to
complement the performance of the skill and the proper ways to use work equipment, on
the job training is required not only complement but also to provide basic knowledge.
Because of training program cadres can learn to do something with absolutely and
precisely, and can reduce or abandon mistakes that have been done.7,24 According to
Ratih, training of community health worker can provide the opportunity to learn skills,
receive an education and interaction with higher professional staff. Training not only
provides preventive, curative, or other relevant services to the community, but also to
The training has a positive impact on the capacity to provide health care and to build
confidence and skills of cadres in communicating with rural communities.18 Useful and
effective training in terms of the knowledge required to work as a volunteer, as well as
ways of approaching the patient's family. the training they receive is also important in
CONCLUSION
Factors that influence intrinsic motivation Kader TB in Kediri is,old cadre with (p =
0.000OR = 106,643,280.9 -19.8631 95% CI; -17 108), Andwork (does not work) with
(p = 0.001 OR = 0.04895% CI 1.187; 4855), Extrinsic factors that affect the motivation
Factor education does not significantly affect the motivation of cadres of TB in the
town of Kediri, with p = 0.288.Factors attitudes, knowledge and training can not be
analyzed in this study because all the cadres have the same value.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank the Department of Health of Kediri City and staff and all
respondents who have participated in this study who have assisted the implementation
of this study.
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