Most Commons in Dermatology:

1. MC treatment for keloids: triamcinolone acetonide (corticosteroid) in concentrations of 10-40

mg/mL at 4-6-week intervals
2. MC cutaneous cyst: epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC), also known as cutaneous cysts
3. One of Top 3 Skin problems in children: verruca vulgaris
o MC primary treatment: cryotherapy and salicylic acid (cure rate improved by
combining both therapies)
4. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common STIs causing Condylomata
Acuminate, also known as External Genital Warts (EGW)
5. MC type of psoriasis: Plaque Psoriasis (affects 80-90% of patients).
6. MC clinical pattern seen in Psoriatic Arthritis:
Oligoarthritis - swelling and tenosynovitis of one/few hand joints.
7. The “Butterfly Rash”
Many facial rashes are described as malar or “butterfly” rashes
Most commonly, they are either: seborrheic dermatitis or rosacea, NOT systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)
8. MC dermatologic condition in infants: Diaper Rash (diaper candidiasis)
9. Tinea Capitis is most commonly caused by Trichophyton tonsurans (human to human or
fomite to human transmission) in the US *MC in school-aged children (4-14) in US
10. MC worldwide pathogen: Microsporum canis (animal to human)
11. MC fungal infection in developed countries: tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
12. MC type of Onychomycosis: Distal Subungual Onychomycosis (DSO)
13. MC skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma
o MC subtype: nodular
14. MC form of ichthyosis: ichthyosis vulgaris
15. MC variation of albinism: oculocutaneous albinism (autosomal recessive)
o 2nd MC: ocular albinism
16. MC sex chromosome disorder: Klinefelter Syndrome (x-linked recessive)
17. MC subtype of melanoma: Superficial Spreading Type
18. MC drug eruption: Exanthematous

Extras:
1. The “Dimple Sign” - often exhibited by dermatofibromas. Pinch on either side and observe a
dimple due to scar-like tethering of the dermis.
2. The “Auspitz Sign” - bleeding after removal of scale. Exhibited by Plaque Psoriasis.
3. Pruritic Lesions
a. Keloid Scars
b. Psoriasis
c. Atopic Dermatitis
d. Allergic Contact Dermatitis
e. Tinea Corporis
f. Candida Intertrigo
g. Pityriasis Rosea
h. Nummular Dermatitis
 i. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (sometimes)
4. Koebnerizing Lesions (Koebner phenomenon) - linear mode; spreads with trauma or
scratching
a. Molluscum Contagiosum (MC)
b. Verruca Vulgaris
c. Plaque Psoriasis
5. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - “mimics rosacea”
6. Atopic Dermatitis - the “itch that rashes”
o The “itch” is the primary symptom and precedes onset
o Also seen in Allergic Contact Dermatitis
7. Red Rashes
o Greasy scale and redness  Seborrheic dermatitis
o Tender Papules  Acne vulgaris, rosacea
o Worse with exercise, heat, hot foods, alcohol  Rosacea
o Eyebrows, nasal creases, external auditory canals  Seborrheic dermatitis
o Cheeks and chin  Acne vulgaris, acne rosacea, atopic dermatitis
o Nose  Acne vulgaris, acne rosacea (Spared in atopic dermatitis)
o Know Location, History, and Age to help differentiate red rashes on the face
8. When to run a KOH test
o “All that scales, must be scraped”
o First step in diagnosing a scaling annular rash on the body is to perform a KOH exam to
rule out fungus
9. Tinea Versicolor
o KOH Prep reveals “Spaghetti and Meatballs” pattern  Short hyphae and small round
spores
10. Allylamines are NOT effective for Candida species
o Nystatin ONLY works for Candida, not dermatophytes