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In the event of a ground fault in one phase, the phase-to-ground voltage in the
remaining two phases is now equal to the phase-to-phase voltage with a
displacement of 60 degrees. The voltage at the broken delta becomes 3Vo or three
times the phase-to-ground voltage.
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This voltage can be measured by a relay and can be used to trip the power system. A
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resistor is usually connected across the broken delta connection to
prevent Ferro resonance, a condition that occurs when the line capacitance and the
inductance in the potential transformers reach a state of resonance.
Broken delta transformers are usually marked as 11kV/√3:110 volts. It means that
the transformer is designed that in the event of a ground fault in the primary side,
the secondary output will be 110 V.
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