GD-264

Petroleum Products Acid

Number and Acidity Tester
Operation Manual
 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

Content

I. Purpose and scope………………………………………………….…………..2

II. Main technical specification and parameters…………………..……………….2

III. Main structure…………………………………………………..………………2

IV. Installation, operation and attention……………………………………………3

V. Full set and technical document………………………………………………..4

Appendix: Preparation and calibration methods for KOH-alcohol solution of 0.05

normality…………………………………………………………………..…………..6

I. Purpose and scope

The instrument is designed and made as per the National Standard of People’s Republic of
China GB/T264 “Test Methods for Acid Number of Petroleum Products” and GB/T258 “Test
Methods for Acidity of Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Oil”. It is used to determine acidity of
gasoline without ethyl fluid, kerosene, and diesel oil, and acid number of petroleum products. This
method uses alcohol to extract acid components from the sample, and then make titration using
alkaline solution.
The instrument is also suitable to determine the acid value of transformer oil and turbine oil as
per the National Standard of People’s Republic of China GB/T7599 “Test Methods for Acid Value
of Transformer Oil and Turbine Oil in Service”.

II. Main technical specification and parameters

1. Power supply: AC 220V±10%, 50 Hz;

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

2. Heating power of heater: 100W～1000W; It can be continuously adjusted;

3. Titration tube accuracy: scale division is 0.02 ml;
4. Ambient temperature: ≤35 ℃;
5. Relative humidity: ≤85%;
6. Total power consumption: not more than 1200 W;

III. Main structure

The instrument is mainly composed of adjustable heater, flask, condenser, and titration tube
(See Fig.1).
1. Condenser clamps
2. Condenser
3. Standing rod
4. Triangle flask
5. Heating furnace
6. Volt meter
7. Power adjustment knob
8. Power switch

(2)
(1)

(4)
(3)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

Fig.1

IV. Installation, Operation and Attention

(I) Instrument installation
1. Put the adjustable heater on a flat and flame retardant workbench, which can withstand high
temperature. Please install the instrument as per Fig.1 and the following procedures.
2. Insert the standing rod into the fixing hole at the back of the adjustable heater and fasten the
bolt.
3. Move the clamps of condenser to a suitable position and fix the condenser.
4. Connect rubber pipe of circulation water to the inlet and outlet of condenser. Please use the
tap water at ambient temperature as the circulation water during test. Please put a flask under the
condenser.
5. Rotate the power adjustment knob of heater anticlockwise to the end. Let the instrument get
power. Rotate the knob clockwise to increase the heating power gradually until it meets your
requirements (If the temperature of electric plate is still too high even you turn down the heating
power, you can line asbestos gauze between the flask and the electric plate).
(II) Operation methods
1. Please carefully read the Operation Manual before use.
2. Please carefully read the National Standard of People’s Republic of China GB/T264 “Test
Methods for Acid Number of Petroleum Products” or GB/T258 “Test Methods for Acidity of
Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Oil” to acquaint and familiar with preparation, testing procedures
and test requirements.
3. Get ready for all testing apparatus and materials as per GB/T264 or GB/T258.
4. Check the working state of the instrument to make sure it is in accord with working
environment and working condition stipulated in the Operation Manual.
5. Check outer shell of the instrument to make sure it is fine grounded. The power supply wire
should have fine grounding end.

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

6. Please make determination as per GB/T264, GB/T258 or GB/T7599.

(III) Attention
1. Do not put the adjustable heater directly on a wooden workbench or other combustible
workbench.
2. Do not run the heater for a long time, or it will shorten the useful life of the heater.
Warning: If there is any trouble appears, please cut off the power supply immediately. Then
ask a professional to check and repair it. You can use it again only after the problem is solved to
avoid any accidents.

V. Full set and technical documents

1. Full set
No. Name Unit Quantity
1 Triangle flask (250×24) Piece 2
2 Condenser (300/240×2 ball type) Piece 1

3 Titration tube (2 ml, desk type) Piece 1

4 Adjustable heater Set 1
5 Standing rod Piece 1
6 Condenser clamps (pair) Pair 1
7 Titration tube base (wooden) Piece 1
8 Fuse (6A, Φ5×20) Piece 2

9 Power supply wire (250V 6A) Piece 1

2. Technical documents
Operation Manual 1 piece

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

Appendix: Preparation and Calibration Methods for KOH-alcohol Solution of

0.05 Normality

I. Normality
The normality is expressed as liquid concentration indicated by the gram equivalent number of
dissolved substance in 1 L solution. It is indicated as N.
Normality=Gram-equivalent number of dissolved substance/volume of solution (L)
Gram-equivalent number =mass/gram-equivalent weight
Gram-equivalent weight is the mole mass of a basic mole unit substance.
Equivalent =atomic weight/valence. If the atomic weight adopts gram atomic weight, the
equivalent is the gram equivalent.
Gram atomic weight is the atomic weight we usually use.
Take KOH as the example, the equivalent of alkali=molecular weight of alkali/the number of
OH- in the molecular of alkali. 1N=1 mol/L. OH-: 1 mol/L KOH is 1 N (The molecular weight of

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

KOH is 56).

II. Preparation methods

The procedure to prepare 1 L KOH-alcohol solution of 0.05 N as per the National Standard
GB/T264 is described as following:
1. Weigh 4 g KOH of analysis purity using a one ten thousandth analysis balance, nearest to
0.0001. Do not weigh the solid KOH on the balance plate directly or on a paper. Please weigh it in a
small beaker.
2. Add little distilled water (about 5 ml) into the small beaker containing KOH.
3. Cool it to the ambient temperature, and then dilute it using alcohol (95% analysis purity).
4. Get a volumetric flask of 1 L (If you can’t find a volumetric flask, you can use a beaker).
Please lead the diluted solution into the volumetric flask using a glass rod. Please hold the upper
section of the neck of the volumetric flask to avoid incorrect reading caused by volume expansion
of liquid in the flask when it is heated. The glass rod in the flask should be lower than the scale line
(See Fig.2) to avoid any liquid adhered on the scale line.
Note: If there is any liquid spills out, the normality will be lower. The normality will be lower
if the liquid is adhered on the section over the scale line.
6. Constant volume process: Let the concave surface of solution tangent to the scale line of
1000 ml. Look the liquid surface straight forward (See Fig.3). Add alcohol using a beaker until the
liquid surface is 1 cm～2 cm distance from the scale line. Then add alcohol using a burette.
Stopper the volumetric flask and hold the stopper using your finger. Shake the volumetric
flask ups and downs for several times.
Note: The volumetric flask is only used for solution preparation. It can’t be used to
store the solution for a long time. Please transfer the liquid to a solvent bottle (It is best to
use polythene container) with small opening for later use. Please move the clear liquid at the
upper layer to another polythene container using a siphon after 24 hours.

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

Fig.1 Fig.2

III. Calibration
1. Weigh about 0.35 g potassium hydrogen phthalate (nearest to 0.1 mg), which has been dried
to constant weight in an oven of 105 ℃～110 ℃. Then dissolve it into 50 ml water without CO 2 .
Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein solvent to the water solution (10 g/L). Titrate the solution
using KOH-alcohol solution until its color changes to pink. Make blank test at the same time.
Please calibrate it before use.
2. Equation
C (KOH) = (m×1000) / (V1 -V0 ) M
C (KOH) =normality of KOH-alcohol standard titration solution; its unit is mole per
liter (mol/L);
m=the accurate mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate, g;
V1=the volume of KOH-alcohol solution, ml;
V0=the volume of KOH-alcohol solution used in blank test, ml;
M= Mole mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate, g/mol [M(KHC8H4O4) =204.22];
3. Please make at least 8 parallel tests for calibration. Each person makes 4 parallel tests. The
ratio between the extreme difference of test data got by two people and their average value should
not exceed 0.1%. Take the average value as the test data.
4. The difference between the normality of standard solution and the stipulated normality
should not be more than 5%. If the KOH is affected by moisture, the weight you weigh is not the

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 GD-264 Petroleum Products Acid Number and Acidity Tester

real weight. This will cause lower normality of the standard solution.
5. Please store the standard solution for titration at ambient temperature (15 ℃～25 ℃). The
standard solution should not be stored for more than 1 month. Prepare the solution again
when it is more than 1 month. If there is no deposit, please recalibrate it before use.
6. Please write the solution name, normality, and data on the solvent bottle.

Checker: Packager:
Date: Date: