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COLLECTION
Collection of Primary Data- Observation Method, Interview Method - Collection of
Data through Questionnaires - Collection of Data through Schedules
MUHAMMED SABITH K
Mtech.-Structural Engineering
AWH Engineering College,Calicut
What is Data Collection?
Resources available
Credibility
Analysis and reporting
Resources
And the skill of the evaluator
Methods of Data Collection
Primary Data
Primary data are those which are collected for the first time and
are original in character.
Secondary Data
Secondary data are those which have already been collected by
someone else and which have through some statistical analysis.
Collection of Primary Data
Experiments
Surveys (sample surveys or census surveys)
Interviews
Observation
Questionnaires
Schedules
Collection of Primary Data
1. Observation Method
2. Interview Method
3. Questionnaires
4. Schedules
1.Observation Method
Select participants
Random/Selected
Structured Observation
When the observation is characterized by a careful definition
of the units to be observed, the style of recording the observed
information, standardized conditions of observation and the
selection of related data of observation.
Unstructured Observation
When it takes place without the above characteristics.
Classification-2:-
Participant Observation
When the observer is member of the group which he is
observing then it is Participant Observation.
Non-Participant Observation
When observer is observing people without giving any
information to them then it is Non-Paricipant Observation.
Classification-3 :-
Uncontrolled Observation
When the observation takes place in natural contition i.e.,
uncontrolled observation.It is done to get spontaneous picture of
life and persons.
Controlled Observation
When observation takes place according to pre arranged
plans, with experimental procedure then it is controlled observation
generally done in laboratory under controlled condition.
Advantages of Observation
Structured Interviews :
In this case, a set of predecided questions are there.
Unstructured Interviews :
In this case, we don’t follow a system of pre-determined questions.
Focused Interviews :
Attention is focused on the given experience of the respondent and its
possible effects.
Classifications:-
Clinical Interviews :
Concerned with broad underlying feelings or motivations or
with the course of an individual’s life experience.
Group Interviews :
a group of 6 to 8 individuals is interviewed.
Individual Interviews :
Interviewer meets a single person and interviews him.
Selection Interviews :
Done for selection of people for certain Jobs.
Advantages:-
Open-ended questions
This gives the respondents the ability to respond in their own
words.
Close-ended or fixed alternative questions
This allows the respondents to choose one of the given
alternatives.
Types:- Dichotomous questions and Multiple Questions.
Essentials of Good Questionnaire
Time consuming
The respondents need to be educated and cooperative
This method is slow
Possibility of unclear replies
4.Schedules
Questionnaire Schedule
Q generally send to through Schedule is filled by the
mail and no further assistance enumerator or research
from sender. worker.
Q is cheaper method. Costly requires field workers.
Non response is high Non response is low
Incomplete and wrong Depends on Honesty of the
information is more. enumerator.
Depends on the quality of Relatively more correct and
questionnaire complete
THANK YOU FOR YOUR Co-OPERATION