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What is covered by API 570?

Inspection, repair, alterations, and rerating of inservice metallic piping


API 570 was developed for the use of? Petrochem, where practical for any piping system, Organizations which have access to an authorized inspection agency, a repair organization, and technically qualified engineer.
Is it permissible to substitute the requirements of API 570 for the construction code requirements prior to the piping system being places in service? No
What service is not included in under requirements of API 570? Water, Steam, Boilder feed water, Catagory D fluid services as defined in ASME b31.3
What type of Service or class of piping is not optional or excluded from coverage under the requirements of API 570? Catalyst lines.
Who is responsible for meeting the requirements of API 570? Owner/user
to whom is the piping engineer responsible in reguards to design, engineering review or analysis of piping systems? The owner–user.
to whom is the repair organization responsible? the owner–user.
To whom is the inspection responsible under the requirements of API 570? The owner–user
Under the requirements of API 570, what responsibilities do personel other than the inspector, engineer, and repair organization have? other personnel are responsible for making the inspector and engineer aware of any unusual conditions.
Who exercises control over the piping inspection program and inspection frequencies in accordance with API 570? The owner–user
Who controls the maintenance activities related to repair, alterations, and rerating? The owner–user
Prior to making an inspection of a piping system, the inspector should: Review the past inspection results and repair history of the system.
Injection points, deadlegs, and soil to air interfaces all require: Specific attention as determined from past inspections.
Injection point circuits should extend how far upstream? the greater of 12 or 3 pipe diameters."
How far downstream should an injection point circuit extend? to the second change in flow direction or 25' beyond the first changhe in flow direction, which ever one is lesser.
Where should TML's be established on injection point circuits? At the upstream and downstream limits of injection point circuit.
Why are injection points more of a concern than other areas of piping system? Due to accelerated or localized corrosion due to normal or abnormal operating conditions.
Is it permissible to treat an injection point as a seperate circuit from the piping system in which it is installed? yes
What is a preferred method for inspecting injection points? RT or UT to establish the minimum thickness.
The corrosion rate in deadlegs are normally.... different from adjacent active piping.
When taking thickness readings on deadlegs, thickness readings should be taken at.... Along the entire length of the deadleg
Corrosion may occur at high points in deadlegs in hot systems due to.... Convective currents
What are most common forms of corrosion under insulation? Localized corrosion of carbon steels and stress corrosion cracking of Austenitic stainless steels.
What type of piping system is least susceptiable to CUI? Carbon steel piping systems operating over 250 degrees F.
While inspecting a piping system, you noticed that the insulation jacketing is damaged and that the caulking at the joints is damaged and the insulation is damp. what would you be concerned about ? Moisture could enter the insulation and cause corrosion of the piping system.
what would be susceptible to CUI on a carbon steel line operating at 300 degree F? areas of the system which are in intermittent service.
What would you suspect if while inspecting an insulated line you notice a bulged area? Corrosion products have built up, thus bulging the insulation
When completeing an UT thickness measurement on an insulated piping system, the plugs should be: reinstaled and sealed immediately
If significant corrosion is noted on an air to soil interface, what action should be taken? The line should be partially excavated to determine if the corrosion is present only at the air soil interface or is common to the entire system.
Buried piping without adequate cathodic protection requires: Requires that all air to soil interfaces be included in the scheduled external inspection
when is it necessary to excavate the air to soil interfaces on piping systems with satisfactory cathodic protection? When there is evidence of coating or wrapping damage.
While inspecting a 20 year old piping system without cathodic protection, you notice that the caulking around the pipe at the concrete has deteriorated. What actions would you recommend? Excavate the area to inspect for corrosion before resealing the joint.
When buried piping which is un coated at the grade level is discovered, how far should the line be excavated? 6 to 12 i nches should be uncovered to look for hidden damage.
As an API 570 inspector, what action would you recommend if you were inspecting a carbon steel piping system in which caustic could carry over into non post weld heat treated areas? the welds in the non post weld heat treated areas should be inspected for cracking,
Areas where the dew point occurs, ammonium salts condense in hydroprocess streams, or mixed phase flow or turbulent areas in acid systems can result in.... localized corrosion.
In crude oil services at or above 450 degrees F containing sulfur in amounts greater than .5% by weight, A 106 piping is preferred to A 53 or API 5L piping for which reason? A 106 is a silicon killed steel which resists corrosion better in this service
As an inspector, to what area would you pay particular attention while inpecting a carbon steel caustic system with steam tracing installed? to Any flow areas where hot spots can develope.
Erosion is defined as? The removal of a material by the impact of solids, liquids, or gases.
Where would erosion most likely occur? in Turbulent areas.
what location would you not expect to find an erosion problem in a piping system? in turbulent areas.
what location would you not find an eorion problem in a piping system? upstream of control valves, pump discharges, and orifices.
When an area is suspected of having a localized corrosion problem, which of the following NDE methods is most appropiate? UT scanning or Profile RT of areas suspected of having localized corrosion.
What problem would you expect to find in a non stress relived carbon steel piping sytem in amine service? stress corrosion cracking.
What type of supplemental inspections would you recommend on piping spools susceptible to environmental cracking? PT,MT,UT flaw detection,
when is it necessary to remove internal or external coatings, refractory lining, or corrosion resistant linings from piping for inspection? when there is a reason to suspect a deteriorated condition behind them.
what should be checked when inspecting a corrosion resistant lining? Separation or disbonding
What does seperation or bulging of refractory usually indicate? corrosion of the base metal
if a bulged or seperated area of refractory is found, what action should be taken? remove the refractory to inspect the underlying base metal.
When operating deposits are present on a pipe surface, what action should be taken? Deposits should be removed in selected areas to check for corrosion underneath.
What is the preferred method for checking for corrosion under deposits in smaller lines? UT or RT of suspected corrosion areas
what is a cause of fatigue cracking? cyclic loading, often below the yield strength.
what can generate cyclic stresses? Pressure
where does fatigue cracking normally show up? At points of high stress intensification such as branch connections
what location would you most likely expect thermal fatigue? At welds between metals with dissimilar coefficents of thermal expansion.
which type of deterioration is least likely to be detected by NDE? Fatigue cracking
What is the best way to prevent fatigue cracking in a piping system? proper design and installation
creep cracking is dependant upon which of the following? Time
Which material is susceptible to brittle fracture? Ferritic steels
When do most brittle fractures occur in piping systems? On the first application of a particular stress level, unless critical defects are introduced while in service
Why should special consideration be given to low alloy steels such as 2–1/4 Chromium steels in reguards to brittle fracture. Because this material is subject to temper embrittlement.
When is the most appriopiate time to examine a piping system for freeze damage? after extreme cold weather, but prior to thawing
what part of the piping system is the most susceptible to freeze damage? low points, drips legs, and deadlegscontaining water.
Which of the following types of inspection are not normally performed on piping systems? internal visual inspection
Which lines is it sometimes possible or practical to perform internal inspections? Large diameter systems such as catalyst lines and transfer lines
What methods are used to conduct internal inspections of piping systems? Physically entering large diamter lines
When may thickness measurements be obtained on piping systems? when the system is either in or out of service.
who is required to take the thickness measurements on piping systems per API 570? The inspector or examiner
which of the following cannot be determoned by external visual inspection of a piping system? fouling in the line
when corrosion product buildup is noted at piping supports, what action should be recommended by the inspector? arrange to have the pipe lifted off the supports for inspection.
Which document provides an external inspection checklist API 574 appendix E
What is not normally checked when making and external inspection of piping? Determining the load applied by the piping to the hangers
Vetical and Horizontal support dummy legs must be examined for trapped moisture for what reason? to check for corrosion of the external surfaces of the supported piping
Bellow expansion joints are best inspected for deformation, misalignment or displacement in excess of the design by what method? Visual
while externally inspection piping systems, inspectors must be watchful for items unsuitable for long term usage or the service. what component requires particular attention during examination? threaded fittings sue to ease of replacement.
who may conduct external inspection of piping systems in accordance with API 570? the inspector
what qualifies maintenance or operations personnel to make external inspection of piping systems in accordance with API 570? Appropiate amount of training
To whom should operations personnel report vibrating or swaying piping? The inspector or Engineering department.
When significant line movements caused by liquid,hammer,liquid slugging, or abnormal thermal expansion occure, what action should operations personnel take? Notify the inspector or engineer department.
At junctions where vibrating piping is restrained, what is recommended by API 570? The junction should be periodically MT or PT tested to detect fatigue cracks.
What inspection method can be used to determine if a line is plugged while still in service? RT or Thermography
What inspection method is used to detect hot spots on refractory lined piping systems? Thermography
What inspection method is used for remote leak detection? Thermography
What is a TML A specific area on the piping system where inspections are to be made
what lines would tend to have more TML than usual Piping circuits with severe failure consequence
Under what circumstances is it permissible to reduce the number of tml's on a piping circuit? TML's may be eliminated in clean non corrosive services
Who should be conculted when TML's are to be substantially reduced or eliminated? a person knowledgeable in corrosion
what method does API 570 suggest the minimum thickness of a TML be established? RT or UT
Is it permissible under the requirements of API 570 to use techniques other than RT or UT to locate thin areas? Yes, Provided that RT or UT are used to determine the minimum thickness at the TML
When UT are used to make minimum thickness determinations at TML's, how is the minimum thickness determined? by using either the thinnest reading or the average of the readings obtained
In addition to establishing TML's in areas of general corrosion, they should also be established at which locations? Areas with continuing CUI
why should tml's be marked on inspection drawings? to allow repetitive measurements at the same tml
what determines the number and locations of tmls the past experience and corrosion patterns
high temp sulfur corrosion and cour water corrosion typically cause which type of corrosion in non turbulent systems? uniform and constant corrosion
circuits with localized corrosion tend to have more tmls
the tml selection for each system is determined by: the nature of the corrosion expected

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