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Purpose: To understand Magnetic flux, and the electromotive force (emf) due to magnetic
induction.
Faraday’s Law of Induction
− B
Emf on a wire segment: =vBl Emf on a wire loop: =
t
B
Magnetic flux: B =BAcos Emf on a coil: =−N
t
Lens’ Law: The direction of the induced emf always opposes the change in flux.
1. A wire segment with length ℓ = 50 cm is moving to the right at v = 2.5 m/s through a
uniform magnetic field (directed into the page) of 0.3 T. What is the value of the induced
emf (magnitude and direction) on this wire segment?
2. Consider that the moving wire segment of problem #1 is sliding (without friction) on
metallic rails, creating a circuit. Given the fact
that the rate of change of the area (ΔA/Δt) equals
the length times velocity of the wire (ℓ v = ℓ
Δx/Δt = ΔA/Δt), calculate the induced emf
(magnitude and direction) on the wire using
Faraday’s Law of Induction.
3. If the resistance of the circuit is 2 Ω, what is the current flowing through the circuit? Which
direction does it flow?
4. A coil of 20 turns lies in a horizontal plane. Each coil has an area of .04 m2. A magnetic
field of .3 T directed vertically upward exists in the region of the coil. What is the value of
the magnetic flux through the coil?
5. The coil in question #4 is now rotated so that the plane of the coil is in a vertical plane while
the magnetic field remains directed upward. Now what is the flux through the coil?
6. If it takes 0.1 s for the coil to be rotated from the horizontal position (problem #4) to the
vertical position (problem #5), what is the average induced emf in the coil during that time?