31.12.

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-types-seamless-erw-lsaw/)

OCTG Pipes Types

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/octg-pipe/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/difference-pipe-vs-tube/)

Pipes Manufacturers and Stockists

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/?p=1205)

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Carbon Steel Pipe A53/A106 Gr. B, A333 Gr. 6

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/carbon-pipe-a53-a106-a333/)

API 5L Pipes for Pipelines Explained

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/api-5l-pipe/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/stainless-pipes-a312-a790/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-color/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-dimensions-asme-36-10-19/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/en-10220-pipe-specification/)

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Flanges
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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/flange-meaning/)

The 13 Types of Flanges for Piping Explained

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/flange-types-piping/)

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 31.12.2019 API 5L P pes for P pel nes Expla ned - Projectmater als
Flange Pressure Rating Explained (and Charts)

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/flange-rating-pressure-temperature-chart/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/rf-ff-rtj-flange-face/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/orifice-flange-definition/)

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Weld Neck Flange Dimensions (Cl....

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/weld-neck-flange-dimensions-asme-ansi/)

Blind Flange Dimensions (Cl....

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/blind-flange-dimensions-asme-ansi/)

Slip On Flange Dimensions (Cl....

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/slip-on-flange-dimensions-asme-ansi/)

Lap Joint Flange Dimensions (Cl....

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/flanges/threaded-flange-dimensions-asme-ansi/)

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ASME B16.47 Flanges Dimensions and Weights

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Threaded Flange Dimensions EN 1092 (PN 6/16)

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BW Fittings Materials: ASTM A234, A403, A815,...

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipe-fittings/materials-buttweld-fittings/)

Buttweld Fittings Sizes ASME B16.9

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Stub Ends for Flanged Joints

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Fillet Weld for Socket Fittings

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Weldolet, Threadolet, Sockolet Explained

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Steel Angles Dimensions

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/instrumentation/lel-uel-explosive-gas/)

Piping Materials Match Chart (ASTM)

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/piping-materials-match-chart-astm/)

ASME B16.34 Pressure/Temperature Rating

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P&ID Symbols (Complete List)

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/instrumentation/pid-symbols/)

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Non-Destructive Testing Types (LP/MP/UT/RX)

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6 Types of Payment Terms for Exporters

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Contract Risks: a Checklist for Exporters

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5 Practical Ways to Finance Export Sales

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CE Marking for Steel Products

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/ce-marking/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/rfq-meaning/)

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(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/difference-obm-odm-oem-production/)

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What is a Mill Test Certificate (EN 10204 2.1, 3.1,...

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/mill-test-certificate/)

What are Incoterms? (ExW, FOB, CFR,...

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/incoterms-2010/)

Key Shipping Documents for Exporters

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/shipping-documents-export/)

Containers and Pallets: Sizes and Types

(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/project-procurement/container-pallet-size/)

HS Codes for Pipes, Valves, Fittings, Piping

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API 5L Pipes for Pipelines Explained

With this article, you learn about API 5L pipes. The API 5L specification covers seamless and welded pipes to convey oil, gas, water in the natural oil & gas
and petrochemical industries. API 5L line pipes are available in multiple carbon steel grades, designated as Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X70, X80
and in PSL1 or PSL2 specification levels. 

Table of Content [show]

API 5L SPECIFICATION
The API 5L specification covers pipes to conveying oil, gas, water in the petroleum, gas and water distribution industries. The API 5L specification latest edition
(https://www.api.org/products-and-services/standards/important-standards-announcements/standard-5l) can be read on the API website directly.

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API 5L Pipes Tenaris

API 5L pipes may be classified according to the following criteria:

execution: seamless or welded (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-types-seamless-erw-lsaw/) (seamless pipes may be used up to 24 inches, LSAW
above 24 inches, ERW up to 20 inches)

specification level (API PSL1, PSL2): PSL1 is a standard quality used for pipelines, whereas PSL2 sets more stringent chemical, mechanical properties, and
testing requirements
surface finish: black, varnish painted, anti-rust oil, galvanized, coated externally (3PL) and/or lined internally (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-
coating-lining-material/)
ends types: plain, beveled, threaded ends (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-ends-lengths/)

The main advantages of API 5L pipe are:

Resistance to cracking forces that may propagate in long pipelines

Sour service suitability
Rather inexpensive and long service life (at least grades B, X42)

Size Range

API 5L pipes are available in dimensions between from 2 to 28″  (seamless execution) and up to 80″ in welded execution (generally, LSAW i.e. longitudinal
submerged arc welding).

The API 5L and ASME B36.10 (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/pipe-dimensions-asme-36-10-19/) pipe dimensions and weights are, in fact, identical.

API 5L PIPE CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

The yield strength of an API 5L pipe is specified with the number that follows the X in the material grade designation (in kilopounds per square inch – i.e. KSI).
So, for instance, an API 5L X52 pipe has a minimum yield strength of 52 KSI.

The table shows the chemical composition of API 5L steel pipes PSL1 and PSL2 from Grade A to Grade X70, as well as their mechanical properties.
Source: API 5L specification (http://www.api.org/products-and-services/standards/important-standards-announcements/standard-5l)

C (Max) Mn (Max) P (Max) S (Max) TENSILE ( Min ) YIELD ( Min )

Psi X 1000 Mpa Psi X 1000 Mpa

Grade CL I 0.21 0.60 0.030 0.030 45 310 25 172

A25

CL II 0.21 0.60 0.030 0.030

Grade A 0.22 0.90 0.030 0.030 48 331 30 207

Grade B 0.26 1.20 0.030 0.030 60 414 35 241

Grade X42 0.26 1.30 0.030 0.030 60 414 42 290

Grade X46 0.26 1.40 0.030 0.030 63 434 46 317

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31.12.2019 API 5L P pes for P pel nes Expla ned - Projectmater als

Grade X52 0.26 1.40 0.030 0.030 66 455 52 359

Grade X56 0.26 1.40 0.030 0.030 71 490 56 386

Grade X60 0.26 1.40 0.030 0.030 75 517 60 414

Grade X65 0.26 1.45 0.030 0.030 77 531 65 448

Grade X70 0.26 1.65 0.030 0.030 82 565 70 483

API 5L PIPE PSL2 Chemical and Mechanical Properties

API 5L PIPE Chemical Composition Mechanical Property

PSL2

C Mn P S Tensile Yield C. E. IMPACT ENERGY

(Max) (Max) (Max) (Max)

Psi x 1000 Mpa Psi x 1000 Mpa PCM IIW J FT/LB

Grade B 0.22 1.20 0.025 0.015 60 – 110 414 – 758 35 – 65 241 – 448 0.25 0.43 T/L 27/41 T/L
20/30

Grade X42 0.22 1.30 0.025 0.015 60 – 110 414 – 758 42 – 72 290 – 0.25 0.43 T/L 27/41 T/L
496 20/30

Grade X46 0.22 1.40 0.025 0.015 63 – 110 434 – 46 – 76 317 – 524 0.25 0.43 T/L 27/41 T/L
758 20/30

Grade X52 0.22 1.40 0.025 0.015 66 – 110 455 – 52 – 77 359 – 531 0.25 0.43 T/L 27/41 T/L
758 20/30

Grade X56 0.22 1.40 0.025 0.015 71 – 110 490 – 56 – 79 386 – 0.25 0.43 T/L 27/41 T/L
758 544 20/30

API 5L Equivalent Grades (ASTM, EN, DIN)

Material grades A53 Gr. B and A106 Gr. B (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/carbon-pipe-a53-a106-a333/), and also API 5L Gr. X42, are API 5L Gr. B
equivalent. It is actually quite common to find on the market pipes that comply, at the same time, with all these specifications (“quadri-norm” marked pipes).
While this is true in terms of chemical and mechanical properties, note that the API 5L specification sets more severe requirements and tests than those set for
the two equivalent ASTM specifications.

In terms of comparison with EN pipe standards, API 5L Gr. B equivalents are EN 10216-1 P265GH (seamless) and EN 10217-1 P265 (welded) – whereas EN 10216-
2 P265 GH is the EN equivalent grade for ASTM A106 Gr. B pipes.

Line Pipe Materials: Werkstoff vs EN vs API

Werkstoff/DIN EN API

1.0486   StE 285 – API 5L Grade X42

1.0562   StE 355 P355N API 5L Grade X52

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1.8902   StE 420 P420N API 5L Grade X60

1.8905   StE 460 P460N API 5L Grade X70

High Yield Steel Pipes

1.0457   StE 240.7 L245NB API 5L Grade B

1.0484   StE 290.7 L290NB API 5L Grade X42

1.0582   StE 360.7 L360NB API 5L Grade X52

1.8972   StE 415.7 L415NB API 5L Grade X60

–– – –

API 5L PSL1 VS. API 5L PSL2

API 5L PSL1 and PSL2 are two specification levels that differ in terms of chemical composition and test requirements. The differences between PSL1 and PSL2
are outlined in the two tables below:

PSL GRADE C, a   Mn a P  S  Si V Nb Ti Other CEIIW CEpcm

1 0.24 1.40 0.025 0.015 0.45 0.10 0.05 0.04 b,c .043 0.025

2 0.28 1.40 0.03 0.03 – b b b – – –

Test Requirement API 5L PSL1 API 5L PSL2

Charpy test None required Required for all grades

Seamless NDT test Only if purchaser specifies SR4 SR4 mandatory

Certification Certificates when specified per SR15 Certificates (SR 15.1) mandatory

Traceability Traceable only until all tests are passed, unless SR15 Traceable after completion of tests (SR 15.2)
is specified mandatory

Hydrostatic Test Required Required

API 5L PIPE SCHEDULE CHART

DIMENSIONAL RANGE
API 5l Pipe Schedule

Outside
NPS SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH
Diameter
(in) 10 20 30 STD 40 60 XS 80 100 120 140 160 XXS
(in)

Wall Thickness (in)

1/8 0.405 0.068 0.068 0.095 0.095

1/4 0.540 0.088 0.088 0.119 0.119

3/8 0.675 0.091 0.091 0.126 0.126

1/2 0.840 0.109 0.109 0.147 0.147 0.187 0.294

3/4 1.050 0.113 0.113 0.154 0.154 0.219 0.308

1 1.315 0.133 0.133 0.179 0.179 0.250 0.358

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API 5l Pipe Schedule

Outside
NPS SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH
Diameter
(in) 10 20 30 STD 40 60 XS 80 100 120 140 160 XXS
(in)

Wall Thickness (in)

1 1/4 1.660 0.140 0.140 0.191 0.191 0.250 0.382

1 1/2 1.900 0.145 0.145 0.200 0.200 0.281 0.400

2 2.375 0.154 0.154 0.218 0.218 0.344 0.436

2 1/2 2.875 0.203 0.203 0.276 0.276 0.375 0.552

3 3.500 0.216 0.216 0.300 0.300 0.438 0.600

3 1/2 4.000 0.226 0.226 0.318 0.318

4 4.500 0.237 0.237 0.337 0.337 0.438 0.531 0.674

5 5.563 0.258 0.258 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.625 0.750

6 6.625 0.280 0.280 0.432 0.432 0.562 0.719 0.864

8 8.625 0.250 0.277 0.322 0.322 0.406 0.500 0.500 0.594 0.719 0.812 0.906 0.875

10 10.750 0.250 0.307 0.365 0.365 0.500 0.500 0.594 0.719 0.844 1.000 1.125 1.000

12 12.750 0.250 0.330 0.375 0.406 0.562 0.500 0.688 0.844 1.000 1.125 1.312 1.000

14 14.000 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375 0.438 0.594 0.500 0.750 0.938 1.094 1.250 1.406

16 16.000 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.375 0.500 0.656 0.500 0.844 1.031 1.219 1.438 1.594

18 18.000 0.250 0.312 0.438 0.375 0.562 0.750 0.500 0.938 1.156 1.375 1.562 1.781

20 20.000 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.375 0.594 0.812 0.500 1.031 1.281 1.500 1.750 1.969

22 22.000 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.375 0.875 0.500 1.125 1.375 1.625 1.875 2.125

24 24.000 0.250 0.375 0.562 0.375 0.688 0.969 0.500 1.219 1.531 1.812 2.062 2.344

30 30.000 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375 0.500

32 32.000 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375 0.688

34 34.000 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375 0.688

36 36.000 0.312 0.500 0.625 0.375 0.750

42 42.000 0.500 0.625 0.375 0.750

API 5L PIPE OUTSIDE DIAMETER TOLERANCE

Specified outside API 5L Diameter tolerances mm (in) API 5L Out-of-roundness tolerances mm (in)
diameter D mm (in) of
API 5L Pipes
Pipe except at end a Pipe end a,b,c Pipe except at end a Pipe end a,b,c

SMLS pipe Welded pipe SMLS pipe Welded pipe

< 60.3 (2.375) – 0.8 (0.031 ) to + 0.4 (0.016) – 0.4 (0.016) to + 1.6 (0.063) d

≥ 60.3 (2.375) ± 0.007 5 D 0.020 D 0.015 D

to
≤ 168.3 (6.625)

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≥ 168.3 (6.625) ± 0.007 5 D ± 0.007 5 D ± 0.005 D,

to
≤ 610 (24.00) but maximum but maximum of ± 1.6 (0.063)

of + 3.2 (0.125)

> 610 (24.000) ± 0.01 D ± 0.005 D, ± 2.0 (0.079) ± 1.6 (0.063) 0.015 D 0.01 D,
to
≤ 1 422 (56.00) but maximum

of + 4.0 (0.160) but maximum of but maximum of 13

15 (0.6), (0.5),

for d / ts ≤ 75 for d / ts ≤ 75

by agreement by agreement

for d / ts > 75 for d / ts > 75

a — Pipe end includes a length of 100 mm (4.0 in) for each side

b — For SMLS pipe, the tolerances apply for 25.0 mm (0.984 in); tolerances for thicker pipes have to be as agreed.
c — For pipe with D219,1 mm (8.625 in) the diameter tolerance and the out-of-roundness tolerance may be determined by using the calculated inside diameter (the
specified outside diameter minus two times the specified wall thickness) or measured inside diameter rather than the specified outside diameter
d — Included in the tolerance of the diameter

API 5L PIPE WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCE (WT)

API 5L wall thickness t API 5L Pipes Tolerances a

mm (in) mm (in) mm (in)

API 5L SMLS pipe b

≤ 4,0 ( 0.157) + 0,6 (0.024)

– 0,5 (0.020)

> 4,0 ( 0.157) to < 25,0 (0.984) + 0,150

– 0,125

≥ 25,0 (0.984) +3,7 (0.146) or + 0,1 t whichever is the greater

– 3,0 (0.120) or – 0,1 t whichever is the
greater

API 5L Welded pipe c, d

≤ 5,0 (0.197) ± 0,5 (0.020)

> 5,0 (0.197) to <15,0 (0.591 ) ± 0, 1 t

 ≥ 15,0 (0.591) ±1,5 (0.060)

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31.12.2019 API 5L P pes for P pel nes Expla ned - Projectmater als

a — if the purchase order specifies a minus tolerance for wall thickness smaller than the applicable
value given in this table, the plus tolerance for wall thickness shall be increased by an amount
sufficient to maintain the applicable tolerance range.
b — for pipe with D ≥ 355,6 mm (14.000 in) and t ≥ 25,0 mm (0.984 in) the wall thickness tolerance
locally may exceed the plus tolerance for wall thickness by an additional 0,05 t, provided that the
plus tolerance for mass (see 9.14) is not exceeded.
c — The plus tolerance for wall thickness does not apply to the weld area.
d — See 9.13.2 for additional restrictions.

API 5L MONOGRAM
Manufacturers of steel pipes may request API an audit to assess their capabilities to comply with the API 5L standard.

Pipe mills that pass the API audit successfully are awarded an API monogram.

API lists in a composite index the names of the factories that have passed the audit successfully. The monogram has an expiration date.
The API monogram is therefore similar to franchising scheme, however, API does not have any financial benefit from the certification of pipe mills, nor does it
take any liability and the performance of the certified mills and products.

HOW TO ORDER
Parameter API 5L Pipe Ordering Details

Qty Feet or lengths

Size NPS (Outside Diameter) and Schedule Number (Average Wall Thickness)

PSL PSL 1 or PSL 2

Material Grade Grade A, Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X60, X70, X80, etc

Execution Seamless or Welded execution

Surface finish Bare, Black, FBE, etc

Marking requirements If different from the API 5L Specification

Pipe coating or lining requirements To protect the pipe from erosion and corrosion depending on the fluid to be conveyed

We recommend purchasing the API5L specification from the API store  (https://www.astm.org/api-store/)to get a complete understanding of this topic.

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(https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.projectmate
5l-pipe&title=API%205L%20Pipes%20for%20Pipelines%20Explained)
Author: Projectmaterials (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/author/root/) on September 20, 2017
Categories: Pipe Specifications (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/category/pipes/pipe-materials/), PIPES (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/category/pipes/)
Tags: API 5L (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/api-5l/), carbon pipe (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/carbon-pipe/), pipe specification
(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/pipe-specification/), pipe types (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/pipe-types/), pipeline
(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/pipeline/), steel pipe (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/tag/steel-pipe/)

Other posts
Valve Face to Face Dimensions (ASME B16.10) (https://blog.projectmaterials.com/valves/valve-face-to-face-asme-b-1610) «» OCTG Pipes Types
(https://blog.projectmaterials.com/pipes/octg-pipe)

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