r Small Spaces

a

Practical Ideas for Small Spaces

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LOFT

Editorial coordination Cristina Paredes Benitez

Texts.

Airana Lleonart Triquell

llrt director

,Vllrela Casanovas Soley

Cover anel layout design Claudia Martinez Alonso

English translation Lynda Trevitt/Equipo de Edici6n Copyedit.ng and layout Equipo de Edici6n

Equipo de Edici6n

Dr. Nubiola i Espln6s 6-8. Of 8 08028 Barcelona. Spain

P: + 3q 93q 903 283

Editorial project

2008 © LOFT Publications Via Laietana 32. q<l Of. 92 08003 Barcelona. Spain

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ISBN 978-8LJ-96936-30-0

Printed in China

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INDEX

_ INTRODUCTION 6

_ ORGANIZATION OF SPACES 8

• MULTIPLE USES OFA SINGLE SPACE 12

• UNIFIED SPACES 24

• DOUBLE HEIGHTS AND SPLIT LEVELS 36

• PARTITIONS 48

_ FURNITURE AND STORAGE 62

• CONVERTIBLE AND MADE-TO-MEASURE FURNITURE 68

• INTERIOR MODULES 78

• KITCHENS AND BATHROOMS 84

Kitchens 88

Bathrooms 94

• LIVING ROOMS, STUDIES AND BEDROOMS 100

Living Rooms 102

Studies 108

Bedrooms 114

_DECOR 122
•• COLORS 126
• LIGHTING 138
Daytime Lighting 144
Nighttime Lighting 150
• MATCHING FURNITURE 156
• DECORATIVE COMPLEMENTS 166 _ SMALL OUTDOOR SPACES 176

.~ TYPES AND USES 178

• MATERIALS AND FURNITURE 188

_ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 198

INTRODUCTION

The concept or the horne has changed continually rhroughout history The most basic constructions at fW)l 1'1<.10' iust the one space in wnich ,'III the functions vvel-e unified In colder areas there was C1 i-lie in the mielcJle 01' the room and the other elements spread around it. This meant the whole space could oe heated while the Fire was being used For

f\" time went on, rnan began to oisnngulsn clay or common zones Flam night ones Bedrooms were separated from the rest of rile 110 rne which slowly began 1:0 inregrate dlfFel"ent spaces for each use Today, in d very distinct and evolved fashion, it appears I/ve ale returning to some of t-he reatures of ancient homes. as once again we are loining rooms together and reclu(lng areas-not for purely aesthetic reasons, however. bu t mainly because of a lack 01' space

Various Factors have contributec to the orolireranon of small homes One is the high price of land MOI"e and more people are choosing to live In Cities, where small dwellings are usually found. and so there h s been ,3 growth in derneno unrnatcned by a rise In supply leading to mcreaseo lano Another reason IS the Change In Family types, Throughout history it has been considered normal 101 various generations of the same family to share the ['amily horne all their lives. Today ranuly models have changed Nuclear families are usually reduced to lust two genera-

nons I.e., parents ancj children, ane! often homes are occupied only by couples or everl solemdividuels.

Tile reduction in the homes 5UI"Fact' area has led tel a need to clevelop ways to integrate all of a space's necessary runctions in a practical and cozy Fashion Design aspects can be considered when a horne is sril: being planned, prior to tile building and distribul:ion of the rooms This makes it possible to fit il out to make n,e most of each of its features and apply optimal sperial solutions that match n,e need of the person who will inhabit it. One common practice consists of advantage of tile double i·leigll t of some properties High ceilings make it possible to install an upper level 01 platform where you call put: a bedroom, study or otnei rooms, leaviIlg 21 grei-,t deal more Iloor area tree on the floor below, which can then be used fOI- the rest of tile nmctions. Partltiuns in trns type 01' apartment are extremely oeticate. because the more separations there are, the more the feeling of space will be reduced. This is when you have to decicle which rooms you shouto separate and which are best to urnfy in ,"1 single space, There are other solutions, such as container modules. ie, small structures that enclose the ki rcnen or bathroom and wnich ar-e normalty positioned in the center of the home.

!::;umiture is vital when it comes to small oweuings Many manufacturers have now acldeo ,01 I,jrge number of Items to their Furniture collections that address space problems or

.. moine various Functions. However. the most common :::'c;crice. and even the most recornrnenoable III some cases.

In small homes there are often certain areas to which lit-

tie attention IS

This call include ou tcloor spaces such

:; to choose custom-made rurniture Th.s means it can be as balconies. terraces.

and even rooftops. These

"Japcec) to the unique characteristics of each space and the ~",nicular requirements of each occupant You can find -. rendaote pieces semi-concealed in a single structure. e.g ..

-. dllllllg table which includes cupboards and multiple stor-

.~e spaces

The decor. which also inclueles the wall color as well as '-'" flooring anel ceiling. is another baSIC element that = oulo be cDreFully considered III small spaces. OF course. , sle tonfs aloe best For paintwork. Furnicure and textile ele+enrs. The rewer bl'ight colors anel patterns used. the big, ~ei rne room will seem The enoree of color range is close_. linkeej to the lighting. parricutarty eluling rhe daytime. It 15 +portanr to consider the number of entries of light and "e size of erie openings in each room to be decorated IF :~el'e is not much natural light. It will be necessary to ~~oose pale colors for the walls and Furniture in order

make trie most of tf)eir speCial ability to reflect the light -:-erorative elements are lust as important. as they can be .sed to create a personal feel thai: responds to your own '"rocular aesthetic taste. Just remember that instead Or" -~Oilly small pieces. you shouid choose fewer complements .', th iJ· more impressive and unique character to mark your o-Jle without swamping the space.

areas. even If not protected. can be converted Into complementary and popular spaces. particularly eluring the warmer parts of the year You can eiesign c.iifferent spaces. fl'OITI ,'Ill outdoor livlllg area to ('I relaxation zone. simply by tile way you arrange (he outdoor turniture and by lIsing decorative elements like plants Cinrj rlowers.

What you must remember is that. even though d home is small. there are many solurions and tricks to maximize its possibilities ami achieve a modern. welcoming look.

Organization of Spaces

TlliS is one of tile most l,rnpolcant and essential pomrs In the design 01' any space I t is necessary to be aware 01 a property's size and potenrral. ai~ though you do not have to achieve a single. particular space for each function as It is of tell necessary fOI- one area or even one piece or Furniture to perForm venous Functions. Every home has two weu-difterenuar-

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ed zones. the day and mghr

areas. The day areas are where you find the common spares SUCll as the kitchen, llving and dining rooms, while the night area IS formed by the bedrooms The first step is to deci e whetber you want to separate the tVIIO areas or have them coexist m a single space, i,e., make: rhe home into a loft-style dwelling There are other' ways of subtly e]lvidll1g me two al eas. eg, \ivalls that do not go all the way up to the ceiling: modules useel as separators, or bedrooms raised on a structure by way of a plarrorrn Trus makes It possibl co diFferentiate rooms In line with their Functions Without having to put up walls or partitions

In rne majority of cases there is one solution that can make the 1ll0S t 0 F the eva i lab Ie space it Involves earmarking tile home's principal space, normally the biggest, to the kitchen, din-

Ing ano IrVing areas to make a large open-plan space that also ensures the different functions are close to hand To I einrorce the personali ty 01 each zone and separate rhern visually, you can either use different mater ials In e eli, create height' differences in the floor or ceiling or simply choose diverse colors and tones. lighting plays an important role here, s the positioning of the difFerellt points 01 light in each ZOlle will make it possible to create an individual Focus. Furniture can also runcuon as a separator. For example, a kitchen island carl delimit one space From another. 01' a low Sideboard can be placed be ind the sofa to face me dining room, wirh the acced advantage that it is somewhere to store household items.

Depending on Its size and distribution, each house lends itselr to one possibility or another and the secret IS choosing [lie best. Sometimes It IS necessary to elirninat some rooms or Functions In favor of other: llore elemental ones. This shouldn't be i) problem solutions abound that let you combine one or two Functions ill a single small mom such as a bedroom or study In bathrooms, rowel I dC\<S, shelves and washbasins suspended from the wall are very useful

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A simple white modute subny d,v.des the Ilvil1g and cllnlllg rooms vvi rh no need 10 rarse a par nnon.

Organization of the Spaces Ii.

MULTIPLE USES OF A SINGLE SPACE

SometimES you don't have to eliminate Functions or areas lust because space is right In the zone where they should be toeaLed You carl get a single space I D play various runcrions by lISlIlg convertible furniture or other recourses, For example, a bed mom can include a small study. Some tables can fold up against the wall and be pulled out bjl extending tile support 211 m. in other words. the I:Op tan hang vertically against the wall ane! not take up space when not bemg used various pieces of racrorv-buitt Furniture ('NhICh can also be made-to-measure) include a bed and study space III

.. Orqunizatlon of Spaces

a single module of I:V\IO dil"lerent heights tile bed is positioned on top of a space tor a desk 01 wnere you can put a wardrobe or chest 01' drawers

Some eat-In kitchens include bars that can act as a oining table witn the addition 0[' stools, 01 Islands INhere the tops can be exienoeo crt one end to sit dOl/VII for a meal This means t"lle\1 function like cJ breakfast bar but can be hidden avvay when not required IF the living room can't Fit a table you can use a coFFee table equipped with a system that raises it to sofa heigh t to make an improvised dinillg table.

putting the relevision In a small soace at rhe toor of I he oed lets VOLI watch the screen f,om the Ilv ing 100m and rhe soace the bedroom occupies,

The possibility of using wireless computer, arld PC peripherals makes i [ PDsslble to set up a Study In any corner of the horne.

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The Furniture can beorganizec so (he same area hilS three differen l purposes library. study and dressing room

Organization of Spaces

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A f Iding bed has been IriS lied ln part t the living room of trus horne. This solurion can be apphed ill the main bedrooms 01 guest rooms.

UNIFIED SPACES

To avoid separation elements, which markedly reduce the ieelirlg of space, a good Iciea is to design oirterent functions that call sharea space .. You can lise the penrnerer of [he pr-operty to mark each use, e.g the kitchen, dining and livli"1g areas. Eact1 will rorrn a delined zone against one wall or ill one comer of the space Another sotcnon is 1'0 put the kitchen opposue rhe living loom with a dining table in the middle to create a separation by way of the hrrruture.

IF you want to emphasize or in some way (jelimir each function

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Organization of Spaces

without concrete divisions. you call do so visually by lIsillg eremerus such as the noormg. walls or ceiling. You can suony mark out each zone by Changing tile rnarerial rile Flool- is covered In, 01- simply by changing its color or texture. Wall paint IS another prac tical (11 terna rive, as changi Ilg I he color or" tone can (reate a visual sep2>l'2ltiol1 A rturd option consists of changing tile rlooi height. You can achieve separate spaces by raiSing some areas, using umber noonng. or even IlY lowering the ceiling

Ihe picture on [he r igh! shows how rivmgms the color I)f rne W~!! 'lncl kltct1f:;n lurruture creates a grildtlal ~esl hell>. lf~n,ition between the I<i rchen and the iiving I QUIT, .

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1', Icuge open space makes il oosslble to situare different areas= kitchen. dinillg mom. IIVlIlg room ano bedroom-s-m ,1 more ranonal Fashion.

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• Unify spaces: it will prevent the need for partitions which considerably reduce space and mobility.

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• Choose an eat-in kitchen that opens onto the dininq room or living room. This will prevent divisions and gain mobility in the space.

• Design spaces on different levels if the ceiling height permits. A second floor can be used for a bedroom, for example, to gain useable space.

• Create too many divisions so each function is met in a different space unrelated to the rest.

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• Use big staircases to join two levels together. Some styles let you keep the bottom space free-perfect for positioning a bookshelf.

• Visually separate the two levels in homes with a second floor. For safety, add a railing or low wall.

Orqanrzat.on of Spaces EM

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The kac!len. dllllllg and living room, are In a single space WI thau] di\'ISioll~. f,;1C;iliratillg cornmunicallon between them

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Details QI' table movement.

A sliding tabte rll(jder. in a rrurrorcovered module doubles the use of this space end creates a dining mom where the living room was.

Organization of Spaces

DOUBLE HEIGHTS AND SPLIT LEVELS

In some small properties. Fearures of the ceiling or- roof make it possible to maximize space. Homes built in disused Factory builclings or rrom the division of older. largel houses often Feature higll ceilings where you can install an upper level For some rooms. usually the bedroom or- study. and reserve the iower Floor for the day areas To reach the upper level you lust neecl a simple steplacder. or stairs as small as possible to saFeguard the usable space. These upstairs rooms can open onto the rest of the property rnrough the use of a railing or

Orqanization of Spaces

medium height wall This re course also enables the natural light to illuminate both flools.

Another possibility is to find an apartment with a vaulted ceiling. something not uncommon in penthouses. The low area where the sloping ceiling and walls meet consumes a lot of space and hinders distribution. al though there are ways to get around it the bedroom can be put here. with the bed positioned under the slope so that the headboard is at the highest end. Another idea is to use tile low area to Install a small teleVIsion module.

This aparrrnen r has been designed around a cenrrat zone The pamalhelghr partitions ma~e it look more spacious

Organization of Spaces

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The plal1s "ho'!>! [he mezzanine level tha t has been butt by la~lng sovanrage of the double Ilelghl of the apartment .. A simple spira:

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PARTITIONS

When a space IS small. tile use of partitions becomes very delicate. OF primary importance is each owners particular preference, Ie, the spoce they want to isolate From til(" rest The bedroom, kitchen and bathroom are the areas usually given their own space tor maximum convenience. Bear in mind rnar as well as wal i parutlons, there are many other solutions which can also have added aclvanttlges such as flexibility of space. l.ow partition or unfinished walls that save having to have cloors cmd shelter- diFferent areas are one

solution. Hlere are other options, too. such as slidi,ng or Folellng panels made From oifFerell t rnaterials which can be moved in line with your requirements IF YOLi choose translucent materials like glass or plexiglass sheets you can noise-proof and even smell-proof a space, but you won't be isolating It visually which means you still have the i'eeling of space. Curtains and Folding screens are other elements that can help clivide a room It is even common and practical to use pieces of fumiture to separ-ate two rooms.

Righl. Glass separates the entrance rrOI11 [he rest 01' [he apal rment-a pr<ctical solution when you W2m to diVide small spaces

The renovanor: of tne apartment has modified tile room distribution, Sliding translucent -glas-s panels separate the k,[cllen rrorn the bedroom.

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Organization of Spaces

A large slldmg panel sepsrares me IlVirlg room From the bedroom. a small. minimalist space rner includes cl bed. wardrobe and television

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Organization of Spaces

_1:' Organization of Spaces

Panels v\Jhicrl sepal" are r-OQr11S and can be custom-mace [0 (IV~ customer's taste are a fUllct.onal .;lncJ decorative item dt [he same Dille

Organ"1ation of Spaces ;

• Organization of Spaces

Tips 10

To make a space feel bigger, avoid using separations as much as possible, especially ones that consist of walls and partitions.

2 If ceiling height permits, you can design a top floor for rooms such as a bedroom or study.

3 In properties with a diaphanous space, you can unify some zones instead of designing divisions.

4 The use of sliding doors frees up passages because you don't have to keep the area occupied by regular doors clear.

5 Instead of enclosing the kitchen in a different room, you could choose an eat-in style which optimizes space and leaves it free.

6 Swapping the bathtub for a shower tray gives this room increased mobility.

7 In some cases you can have the bedroom and study in the same space, e.g., by raising the bed and positioning a desk beneath it.

8 To make the most of a zone with a sloping ceiling, put the bed beneath it or add low closets.

9 In duplexes it is best not to completely close off the top floor but allow it to look down onto the floor below.

10 Very often irregularities in a home's perimeter can be used to put each area in a specific space, adapting it to the shape.

FURNITURE AND STORAGE

The choice of Furniture is essential to the decoration of small homes. Furniture should oFFer everything you need to go about your daily activities and at the same time provide spaces For storing household items and personal objects. It is a good idea to choose practical pieces in clean lines, as their straight angles can be easily adapted to position other Items in a row. You should also bear in mind [he wide range of convertible and Folding Furniture which will free up space when packed away After choosing the basic pieces like the bed, sota. table and wardrobe, think about all the complementary items that also have necessary Functions. Livingroom closets, sideboards and bookshelves include storage space and are a way of keeping your belongings in order, something of utmost Importance when space IS at a premium Apart From the big-ticket items, which as well as cupboards and drawers inctuoe-relevision modules and the like, there are more original solutions. IF you choose one of these, it is best to go For clean lines and pale colors, particularly white, as large items of furniture will subtract a lot of visual space rrorn the home.

IF the bedroom does not have built-In closets but there is a

WjI!I Furniture and Storage

wall big enough for a large wardrobe, it will be better in the long run to have one custommade to Fill the whole length of the wall From Floor to ceiling. This will ensure you can use the space to the full IF you don't like sora beds, you can choose a storage bed with an empty space in the middle, or raise the bed on a structure with closets or bookshelves, For example. This is a common choice In children's and teenagers' moms, where you can also use bunk beds.

Other Items such as trunks, stackable boxes and small containers are great to use with wardrobes as they let you organize and store clothes and other objects In any spare bit of space

The kitchen is another area where Furniture and storage solutions are crucial. For galleystyle kitchens, it is important to use every corner to put a cupboard or drawers, both below the bench top and above it, and It is a good idea to nevel' use dark colors For these items.

Hallways and corridors are perFect For small items of turniture or bookshelves, if size permits. In the entrance. a small chest of drawers or Sideboard will allow you to store keys and umbrellas.

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A bngh£ module rhar rums on on J/is can change rile posinon of the TV ,'1nd separate the two rooms .

.. Furniture Jnd Storag.e

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CONVERTIBLE AND MADE-TO-MEASURE FURNITURE

This IS best when it comes to decorating small rooms. Convertible Furniture provides creative and very practical solutions to problems of space and can cover various Functions in one piece. The key element. is the table. There are various types. including extension and folding tables. Extension tables take up very little room but can accommodate more diners. as the top can be pulled out using a simple mechanism Folding tables take up even less space. as they are made of a support with Flaps that can be raised at either end to form the usable surFace. Some pieces of living-room Furniture contain these types of tables Inside them or have one space From which the table top

Mi' Furniture and Storage

protrudes and another fOI' srorfoldlnQ chairs.

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Then there is made-to-rneas-

ure Furniture tile big ,"dvant,'lge here is that it can adapt to the particular features of each home. Custom-made Furniture aims to maximize space and make the most of every last inch of usable surface. These pieces can be commissioned separately on a piece-by-piece basis. or all at once. desiglling complete structu res tha t ru n From one wa II to another and which have various Functions and additicnal recourses. such as blocks for seats with an empty space For storage. one of the most notorious problems with small homes.

T., 15 moe ule ca n slid e ac ross [0 open lip the space to other rooms in the home. while also creanng an in teresnng interplay or vol urnes and colors.

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Mi'lde-tO-'Tleasure furniture. such as m this kircnen can be adapted IT) tile customer's reouirernenrs with r '~gc;rds rneasu, f'1 nents and colors and even nxrures and titrings.

Furniture and Storage

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This module. custom-made by the architects contains [he ~itcllen plus storage space The cI~_sign end color un i fy the look of rhe apartment

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Instead of ralsmg a parrluon ro separate rne rooms, .~ module that can turn 90'- achieve's the same result. Ir also drastically changes the look of the inside of the apartmemo

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• Choose multi-use. convertible and folding furniture to cut down on the number of items. You will have more space left over for other things.

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• Go for custom-made furniture because it adapts to the available space and can be designed in line with your particular preferences and needs.

• Look for furniture with simple, straight lines. The fewer details, moldings and ornaments there are the cleaner and more spacious the room will look.

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• Use tall furniture. They will take up a lot of space and make the room look smaller.

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• Choose furniture with doors if there is only a little bit of space in front. Sliding doors are better.

• Cram in as much as you can. Sometimes it is better to go without something and leave an empty space that allows the property to breathe.

I INTERIOR MODULES

To avoid renovation work and having to build walls or partitions, there is a solution [hat makes it possible to separa te one or various rooms In an original fclshion It involves using interim modules, i.e.: structures (norrnauy square or rectangulal) that contain the kitchen or bathroom (usually, although they can contain other rooms) They per-mit some functions to be separated From others in a different and dal-ing manner, clS they usually come in bright colors.

These types of modules are mostly Found in loft-style apartments, as they enable the remaining space to be distributed Oil either side of the module. Private zones like the bedroom can be positioned behind rne [nodule This achieves a cerrain degree of as the inside of the module IS partially hidden lrorn view from the other zones of the property.

The bathroom and kitchen come together in this module designed by 12Sc, soeciahsrs In rrns type of construction .

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Furniture. and Storage

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Some of the marenals used in the modules are synthelic resins. wruch Jle very resistant ano durable

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This module (!esigned by SWdIOilta conceals a bathroom with shower. The volume is like", sculpLure that decorates and separates the kitchen From the living 1'00111

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I KITCHENS AND BATHROOMS

These have a number of added difficulties as they require certain indispensable elements that take up a Fair amount of space. It is necessary to fincl a way to combine the baSIC pieces wi th the other materials needed and to have empty spaces tor storing household items (in the case of the kitchen) or personal objects (in the case of the bathroom) Electrical household appliances a~d bathroom goods usually come in standard sizes. although some manufacturers have now scarred producing them in ciiFFerent ciimensions to ofFer solutions to the new needs and demands

.:" Furniture and Storage

Mobility is another majo: chaIlerlge in these two areas. In the case of kitchens. the distribution permits more rreedorn as there al-e various ways of laying ou t the space and its parts gailey-style. with an island. u-shapeel. open-plan or inserted In a module. etc. The bathroom is more complicated because here the parts are usually positioned in a particular fashion and changing them can be trrcky You will have to find solutions for storage and the disposition of other items. without putting too many elements on the ground as this can hamper mobility.

BathrOOiTIS in srnen flats are not usuauv very big. a vanity cabme: with drawers right down to Ihe Floor provides more space

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Furniture and Storage

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Shelves above tile tol lee erea te space. for Pf:I,OIli!1 Items and r~il",ke iJie most of an under-used area

Kitchens

There are rnanv kitchen combilla nons cr,at adape to each type of space. Galley-style kitchens enable you to put all the electrical household appliances in a row and can open out onto other zones of the home. In some cases you can use Sliding doors or panels to close oFF the kitchen when you want to hide it From tile other looms. One type of very practical kitchen often found in small dwellings is the eat-in kitchen. normally shaped In an L or a U and Featuring a breakFast bar which also acts as a separation element. Cabinets and drawers can be positioned underneath the bar and others

set In the wall. This keeps the rest of the kitchen Free For the electrical household appliances and other cupboards Another option is kitchen Furniture which. once all the appliances have been gathered up, completely conceals the work areas This generally involves custom-made Furniture with Sliding doors or panels used to hide each element. Although islands take up a lot of space, they can be greet iF you choose a model with sliding bench tops which. once pulled out. expose the work zone. while the movable piece becomes a dining table.

The decorated kitcnen-cet» net doors break with the monochromatic Uniformity of many of these rooms.

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Bathrooms

T~~ oathroorn has certain ::?:: = requirements met by . ,'r" ':J,:'l as the shower or tub,

-'" -J :ec washbasin and bidet,

-- ""'3e ,rems are often essential

F J 'eqUire i:1 particular location, ,--'CUlilg the space available For -", xtner parts One pract:ical

~ = t, rnon is to Cion wash-:'t~ :'1 111 a piece 01' Furniture with : .• ooosrds and drawers or in a sructure which includes a mil-'

',' i!Vlth lights at the Coo ,to ,orove and complement [he €htlllg, Hclllging cabinets are

zreat [00, as they do not obsrrurt mobility Within the bath.oorn. Some Include a mirror at rne Front and C,1n be placed on tOP of the washbasin, thus lolnIllg two runcrions In a single

piece IF you can choose the basic elements it is better to install (J shower tray rather than a standard bathtub, which gobbles up twice the space. The remaining area can be used For tali, narrow cabinets for storing towels and toiletry products. Shelves are another very practical recourse In trus part of the home, particularly ones made from glass, They can tie positioned between the mirror and washbasin to provide handy access to toiletry products. Corner SO,Jp racks can be installed inside the shower and the rest 01' the space leFt Free. Heat.ed towel racks serve a double pUI·' pose. as well as add comFort.

faKing advantage or the double heigh r of this horne made II posslole to put the bathroom underneath the bed and increase the funcrionall[Y of [his zone.

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Plan. Encloseo bathroom.

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A number of panels enclose the barhrool11. whicll uses chI" circufa· uonspace between the shower. next to the kitchen. anc[ the closet [hal conceals the rcuet

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LIVING ROOMS, STUDIES AND BEDROOMS

These are probably tile rooms that allow the most creativity and flexibility in the whole of the horne. There (ire numerous ideas In terms of Furniture and complements that combine practicality and goocl looks The three areas have very clear functions within a home's requtrernenrs. Bedrooms and living rooms should offer ,1 space to relax and \lvind down Ill, With furniture that combines com rort with storage ane! organizational solutiOI1S In studies it is necessary to have a fairly large desk, as well as shelves, drawers and bookcases For keeping items.

These spaces have a big advantage III that they are not constrained by a need to include parts that require a speciFic loea-

[ion because or connections to pipes or other conduits Their distribution only has 1.0 respond to practical arid aesthetic factors. The depth 01' furnitule is a very «nportant aspect. Many pieces, such as bookshelves and sideboards. are '15 to 19 inches deep, al though you can also Finel a great vanety with a depth 01 11 inches and which are the most suitable FOI small spaces It is a good idea to use low or medium-height Furniture In the living room, bedroom and study, except For wardrobes, which should be as ial'ge as possible This will enhance the Feeling of space arid mObility, as the walls arc on show and demonstrate the real reference perirnerer

A t,"arlSpilfeilL table "md two pours less bul~.y man sofas. v;sually lighten tOIS space,