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ELECTRICIDAD
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA DE ÁREAS
CLASIFICADAS
DOCUMENTO No.
MQCL-1000-IND-0000-ITE-EL00-0010
Rev. B
29 Nov 12
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Nombre Cliente: Sierra Gorda S.C.M MQCL-1000-IND-0000-ITE-EL00-0010
Nombre Proyecto: Sierra Gorda EPCM Página 3 de 17
Proyecto N°: A6QM
Rev. B
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Minería & Metales
Tabla de Contenido
4.0 GENERAL........................................................................................................................................ 5
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Rev. B
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1.0 INTRODUCCION
El proyecto minero Sierra Gorda, de propiedad de Sierra Gorda S.C.M., se encuentra localizado en
el Desierto de Atacama en el Norte de Chile, aproximadamente a 140 km al noreste de la Ciudad
de Antofagasta, en la comuna de Sierra Gorda de la Región de Antofagasta, a 60 km al suroeste
de la Ciudad de Calama.
2.0 RESUMEN
No hay gases ni vapores tóxicos o inflamables en la Planta. El resto de los líquidos inflamables que
son utilizados en el proceso tienen un Flash Point por sobre la temperatura ambiente máxima.
3.1 Estándares
NFPA 497. “Recommended Practice for the Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases,
or Vapors and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical
Process Areas” – 2004 Edition.
NFPA 499. “Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of
Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas” –
2004 Edition.
NFPA 30. “Flammable and Combustible Liquis Code” – 2003 Edition.
NFPA 70. “National Electrical Code” – 2005 Edition.
3.3 Planos
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4.0 GENERAL
Colector de Moly.
Colector Primario.
Colector Secundario
Cal.
Floculante.
Espumante.
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Los puntos de consumo de este reactivo son: Los chutes de alimentación de los molinos de
bolas N° 1, 2 y 3 (3221-ST-011, 3221-ST-021 y 3221-ST-031). La quinta celda de cada una
de las líneas de flotación colectiva primaria (3311-CF-015, 3311-CF-025 y 3311-CF-035) y
Las primeras celdas de la flotación primera limpieza colectiva y limpieza barrido grueso
(3511-CF-001 y 3511-CF-005).
5.2 Espumante
Los puntos de consumo de este reactivo son: La primera y quinta celda de cada una de las
líneas de flotación colectiva primaria (3311-CF-011, 3311-CF-015, 3311-CF-021, 3311-CF-
025, 3311-CF-031 y 3311-CF-035) y Las primeras celdas de la flotación primera limpieza
colectiva y limpieza barrido grueso (3511-CF-001 y 3511-CF-005).
En la siguiente tabla se muestran los valores característicos de los reactivos que han sido
definidos como peligrosos, que detalla algunas características importantes en cada caso.
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Para los detalle revisar Tabla N° 2 y planos de clasificación de áreas mencionados en punto 3.3
anterior.
Colector Secundario AP 9950 Promoter. Clasificado como líquido inflamable con Flash
Point de 30 °C, con descripción “Modified Thionocarbamate in Alcohol Blend”. Su
composición incluye Hidrocarburo complejo, Metil Isobutil Carbino, Thionocarbamate
Modificado, Butano, Éster del Ácido Carbamic y Quinolina. Los riesgos para las personas
son: Nocivo por ingestión, irritador de las vías respiratorias, posibles riesgos de lesiones
oculares, sensibilización de la piel por contacto, puede causar daño pulmonar si se ingiera,
posibilidad de efectos del tipo irreversibles y en caso de exposición prolongada por ingestión,
riesgo de efectos graves.
Espumante AEROFROTH 70. Clasificado como líquido inflamable con Flash Point de 34
°C, con descripción “Carbinol Metil Isobutílico”. Su composición incluye solo Metil Isobutil
Carbinol. Los riesgos para las personas son: Inflamable e irritador de las vías respiratorias.
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Considera todo el espacio ocupado por el camión de transporte de las sustancias Colector
Secundario y Espumante, según los planos MQCL-1000-IND-3921-PLN-ELDG-0020/0021.
Considera dentro del sistema de descarga las bombas 3921-PP-113 y 3921-PP-114, con un
área de seguridad de radio 3,05 m alrededor de cada bomba, definida como Clase I división
2. Las trincheras de derrames y bombas de sumidero (3921-PP-003), se clasifican como
Clase I división 1, Grupo D.
7.3 Espumante
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8.0 CONCLUSIONES
Existen dos líquidos inflamables con un Flash Point cercano a la temperatura ambiente, por
lo cual se definen áreas clasificadas como peligrosas, por el carguío, almacenamiento,
distribución y uso de estos líquidos inflamables:
Colector Secundario AP 9950 Promoter. Clasificado como líquido inflamable con Flash
Point de 30 °C, con descripción “Modified Thionocarbamate in Alcohol Blend”. Se definen
las siguientes instalaciones y/o equipos de las áreas clasificadas:
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Espumante AEROFROTH 70. Clasificado como líquido inflamable con Flash Point de 34
°C, con descripción “Carbinol Metil Isobutílico”. Se definen las siguientes áreas
clasificadas:
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El líquido combustible presente en la planta es Diesel Oil, clasificado según NFPA Clase III-A
con un Flash Point de 53 °C, lo que está lejos de la temperatura ambiente presenta en la
planta.
9.0 ANEXO
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A. General Definitions
All technical definitions herein are to be interpreted as defined by applicable NFPA standards. The
following terms are included for quick reference:
Combustible Material: A generic term used to describe a flammable gas, flammable liquid
produced vapor, or combustible liquid produced vapor mixed with air that may burn or explode.
Flash Point: The minimum temperature at which a liquid give off vapors in sufficient concentration
to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid within the vessel as specified by
appropriate test procedures.
Auto ignition Temperature: The minimum temperature required to initiate or cause self sustained
combustion of a solid, liquid or gas.
B. Area Classification
Flammable Liquids: A liquid having a flash point below 100 °F (38 °C) and having a vapor
pressure not exceeding 40 psia at 100 °F (38 °C). Class I liquids include those having flash point
bellow 100 °F (38 °C) and are subdivided as follows:
Class I-A Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point bellow 73 °F (23 °C) and a boiling point
below 100 °F (38 °C).
Class I-B Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point bellow 73 °F (23 °C) and a boiling point
above 100 °F (38 °C).
Class I-C Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point bellow 73 °F (23 °C), but below 140 °F (38
°C).
Combustible Liquids: Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 100 °F (37,8 °C), as
determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA 30. Combustible liquids are
classified as “:
Class II Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 100 °F (37,8 °C) and bellow 140
°F ( 60 °C).
Class III-A Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 140 °F (60 °C), but bellow 200
°F (93 °C).
Class III-B Liquid – Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 200 °F (93 °C).
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Exception N° 1: Operation where liquids are used for on-site consumption as fuels.
Exception N° 2: Operations where Class II or Class III liquids are stored in atmospheric tanks or
transferred at temperatures bellow theirs flash point.
Combustible Dust: Any finely divided solid material 420 microns or less in diameter (i.e., material
passing through a US N° 40 Standard Sieve) that presents a fire or explosion hazard when
dispersed.
E Definition of Zones:
Zone 0: An area in which an explosive gas/air mixture is continuously present or present for long
periods or frequently.
Zone 1: An area in which an explosive gas/air mixture is likely to occur occasionally in normal
operation.
Zone 2: An area in which an explosive gas/air mixture is not likely to occur, and if it occurs it will
only exist for a short time.
Zone 20: In which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust in air is
present continuously or for long periods.
Zone 21: In which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust is likely to
occur in normal operation occasionally.
Zone 22: In which an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust in air is not
likely to occur in normal operation but if it does occur, will persist for a short period only.
Non-hazardous location: A location where flammable substances are contained (piping or tubing
without flanges or valves, etc, specific containers) or a location where a continuous flame source is
present.
F Definition of Divisions
Class I: A location in which flammables gases or vapors are, or may be, present in the air in
quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures.
Class I Division 1: A location in which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
expected to exist under normal operating conditions or in which faulty operation of equipment or
processes might simultaneously release flammable gases or vapors and also cause failure of
electrical equipment.
Class I Division 2 A location in which flammable gases or vapors may be present, but normally
are confined within closed systems; are prevented from accumulating by adequate ventilation; or
the location is adjacent to a Division 1 location from which ignitable concentration might
occasionally be communicated.
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Class II Division 1: In which combustible dust is in the air under normal operating conditions in
quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures.
Class II Division 2: Where combustible dust is not normally in the air in quantities sufficient to
produce explosive or ignitable mixtures, and dust accumulation are normally insufficient to interfere
with the normal operation of electrical equipment or other apparatus, but combustible dust may be
in suspension in the air as a result of infrequent malfunctioning of handling or processing
equipment.
Non-hazardous: A location where flammables substances are contained (piping or tubing without
flanges or valves, etc, specific containers) or a location where a continuous flame source is
present. Depending on norm this is also referred to as an unclassified area.
G. Explosion Limits
The mixture of a flammable with air is only explosive within a certain range of the mixture. The
lowest concentration at which the mixture is ignitable is the Lower Explosion Limit (LEL); the upper
limit at which the mixture is ignitable is the Upper Explosion Limit (UEL).
The maximum explosion pressure (Pmax-bar) and the KST value (bar m/s) describe the explosion
behavior of a combustible dust in a closed system.
The KST value is used to calculate the maximum rate of pressure rise. The following dust explosion
classes are assigned to KST value.
I. Source of Release
A source of release is defined as a point or location from which flammable gas, vapor, liquid or dust
may be released into the atmosphere such that an ignitable gas or dust atmosphere could be
formed.
J. Grade of Release
Three grade of release are distinguished: Continuous, primary and secondary releases. For
definitions of the grades of release, see IEC 60079-10:2003.
Continuous grade if it is likely to be present for more than1000 hours per year. Primary grade if it is
likely to be present for between 10 and 1000 hours per year. Secondary grade when a release
likely to be present for 1 to 10 hours per years and for shorter periods.
The relationship between the hazard radius and the full three-dimensional envelope of the
hazardous area are taken from the NFPA 497 and 499 codes.
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L. Level of Ventilation
The classification depends in part on the degree of ventilation of an area. The locations are divided
in two levels of ventilation.
Inadequate ventilated area: Inadequately ventilated areas are defined as rooms, buildings, or
spaces that do not have a natural or a mechanical ventilation system providing for adequate
ventilation.
M. Temperature Class
Since flammable gas or vapor can be ignited by contact with a hot surface, it is necessary to
specify a maximum temperature class for all types of equipment to ensure the maximum surface
temperature of the system will not be higher than the ignition temperature of gases to which it may
be exposed. The following temperature classes are used:
For dust, the minimum ignition temperature is the temperature at which a dust cloud or dust layer
can be ignited.
Group I: Equipment for use in mines. It is assumed the only flammable gas to occur here is
methane. Other flammable gases that can occur in these areas must be further classified as shown
with Group II.
Group II: Equipment for use in all other hazardous areas. This group is further subdivided into IIA,
IIB and IIC based on the minimum ignition current/limit gap and de minimum ignition energy of a
substance. The protection level increases from IIA to IIC, so equipment with IIC can also use for all
other explosion groups.
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These groups are also applicable for mixtures. Explosion group IIC is the strictest. A higher group
(i.e. IIC in stead of IIB) can always be used.
Class I substances are divided in four groups, based on the explosive characteristics of the
substances involved. The materials are grouped based on comparison of maximum explosion
pressure and maximum experimental safe gap (MESG).
Group B: Atmospheres such as butadiene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, acrolein or hydrogen
(or gases or vapors equivalent in hazard to hydrogen, such as certain manufactured gases).
Group C: Atmospheres such as cyclopropane, ethyl ether, ethylene, hydrogen sulphide, or gases
or vapors of equivalent hazard.
Group D: Atmospheres such acetone, alcohol, ammonia, benzene, benzol, butane, gasoline,
hexane, lacquer solvent vapors, methane, naphtha, natural gas, propane or gases of vapors
equivalent hazard.
These groups are also applicable for mixtures. Group A is the strictest. A higher group (i.e. B in
stead of C) can always be used.
Group E: Atmospheres containing combustible metal dusts, including aluminum, magnesium, and
their commercial alloys, or other combustible dusts whose particle size, abrasiveness, and
conductivity present similar hazards in the use of electrical equipment.
Group F: Atmospheres containing combustible carbonaceous dusts that have more than 8
percent total entrapped volatiles (see ASTM D 3175, Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in
the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke, for coal and coke dust) or that have been sensitized by
other materials so that they present an explosion hazard. Coal, carbon black, charcoal, and coke
dusts are examples of carbonaceous dusts.
Group G: Atmospheres containing other combustible dusts, including flour, grain, wood flour,
plastic, and chemicals.
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