MODULE IN

MATHEMATICS 7
FIRST QUARTER
Real Numbers: Subsets and Arrangement
Lesson Number 15

Teacher-author:
GIANNENARA N. BABAGAY
MANUEL LUIS QUEZON HIGH SCHOOL
Caloocan North III District

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 1
 MATHEMATICS 7
Real Numbers: Subsets and Arrangement
First Quarter: Lesson Number 6

Sources: http://deped.in/0vyUlwL, http://deped.in/UOMogtA , http://deped.in/0Hyn9A5

Content Standards Performance Standards

The learner demonstrates understanding of key The learner is able to formulate challenging
concepts of sets and the real number system. situations involving sets and real numbers and
solve these in a variety of strategies.

Learning Competencies:
 Illustrates the different subsets of real numbers; M7NS-Ih-1
 Arranges real numbers in increasing or decreasing order; M7NS-Ih-2

Objectives:
Specifically, the activities in this module will enable the learners to:
 Define the Real Number System
o Familiarize in the schematic diagram of real number
o Enumerate subsets of real numbers
o Identify which subset of real number a certain number belongs to
 Arrange real numbers in ascending or descending order

First Grading Period: Real Numbers Lessons Covered:

 Real Number System
o Subsets of Real Number System
o Order of real numbers

Activities with Contextualization and Localization:

Activity #1: Localization M7NS-Ih-1 Activity #4 M7NS-Ih-2
Activity #2 M7NS-Ih-1 Activity #5 M7NS-Ih-2
Activity #3 M7NS-Ih-1

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 2
Pre-Test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
_______ 1. What is considered as the ‘signed numbers’?
A. whole numbers C. integers
B. rational numbers D. counting
______ 2. It is a number that can be expressed as a quotient of two integers.
A. rational number C. whole numbers
B. integers D. counting numbers
______ 3. Which best describes the number –50?
A. Natural C. Irrational
B. Integer D. Not a real number
______ 4. Which best describes the number √11?
A. Rational C. Irrational
B. Integer, rational D. Not a real number
______ 5. Which of these numbers is a rational number?
A. √2 C. 𝜋
1
B. √5 D. 4
______ 6. Which of these numbers is an irrational number?
7 3
A. 16 C. − 8
B. −5.391753... D. √25
______ 7. Which of the following symbols cannot be used in comparing real numbers?
A. > B. < C. ≠ D. =
______ 8. Which of these numbers is an irrational number?
A.√17 B. √81 C. √49 D. √100
______ 9. If X is a real number, which of these statements must be false?
A. X can be both an integer and an even number.
B. X can be both an integer and a rational number.
C. X can be both a rational number and a negative number.
D. X can be both a rational number and an irrational number.
______ 10. A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
A. irrational number C. whole numbers
B. natural numbers D. counting numbers
1
______ 11. What is the ascending order of the following numbers 0, −4, , 10?
8
1 1
A. 0, −4, 8 , 10 C. 0, 8 , −4, 10
1 1
B. −4, 0, 8 , 10 D. −4, 8 , 0, 10
______ 12. What is the descending order of the numbers 98, 5, 46, 19, 77?
A. 5, 19, 46, 77, 98 C. 98, 5, 46, 19, 77
B. 77, 98, 46, 19, 5 D. 98, 77, 46, 19, 5
______ 13. What is the descending order of the numbers 0.25, 1.25, 1.5, 3.75, 2?
A. 0.25, 1.25, 1.5, 3.75, 2 C. 3.75, 2, 1.5, 1.25, 0.25
B. 1.25, 1.5, 3.75, 2, 0.25 D. 0.25, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3.75
______ 14. What is the ascending order of the following numbers −3, −6, −1, −8, −15?
A. −1, −3, −6, −8, −15 C. −3, −6, −1, −8, −15
B. −15, −8, −6, −3, −1 D. −15, −6, −8, −3, −1
______ 15. Every negative integer is a rational number.
A. Always true. C. Sometimes true.
B. Always false. D. None of the above.

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 3
 The Real Number System

Venn Diagram of Real Number System

REAL
NUMBERS

RATIONAL
IRRATI
ONAL

INTEGERS

WHOLE
NUMBERS

NATURAL
NUMBERS

Real Numbers
Real numbers include all the numbers that were studied from the basic education. Whole
numbers, fractions, decimals and integers, etc. are encountered.
The set of real numbers is an infinite set meaning there are infinitely many numbers included in
the set of real numbers. The set of real numbers is composed of two major subsets, the rational and
irrational number.
One characteristic of real numbers is that they can be represented by points on a number line.
Every real number has a corresponding point on the number line. On the number line, there is always
a real number between two other real numbers. The numbers increase from left to right.

Subsets of a Real Number

 Natural Numbers (N)
Natural numbers are also known as “Counting” numbers. These are represented by the symbol
N.
Example: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…}

 Whole Numbers (W)

Whole numbers consist of the Natural numbers including 0. These are the numbers that were
studied in elementary mathematics.
Example: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…}

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 4
 Integers (Z)
Integers is a set of infinite real numbers which is made up of the natural numbers or the positive
integers, their opposite the negative integers and 0. They are called the signed numbers.
Examples: {-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
Positive integers: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Negative integers: {-1, -2, -3, -4, -5}
Neither positive nor negative: {0}

 Rational Numbers (Q)

Rational numbers Q are numbers that can be written in the form of a ratio of two integers, a
and b, where b≠ 0.
Rational numbers consist of the Natural Numbers, Whole Numbers, Integers, Fractions together
with Terminating and Repeating Decimals.
1 3 8 4 8 9
Examples of fractions are the following: Proper fractions 2 , 5 , − 11, Improper fractions − 3 , 5 , 9
1 4
and Mixed Numbers 1 3 , 3 7.
When fractions are divided, the answer is expressed in decimal form. Examples of decimals are
the following: 1.25, 1.08, 4.89, 18.5, 9.071.
Decimals are considered a rational number if they are terminating and repeating and
irrational if it is non-terminating or it simply does not end.

 Irrational Numbers
Represented by Q`, these are the numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two
integers. Examples of these numbers are square roots of imperfect squares like √2 and 𝜋. They are
called irrational numbers because there are no two integers that can be used to express their exact
value in ratio form.

Facts about Real Numbers

1. There is no smallest or largest integer.
2. The largest negative integer is -1.
3. The smallest positive integer is 1.
4. Every negative integer is less than zero.
5. Every positive integer is greater than zero.
6. Zero is neither positive nor negative integer.

The Venn Diagram below shows a summary of this topic. There are also some examples to help
you identify in which subset the real number belongs.

Source: http://deped.in/EO789HK

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 5
ACTIVITY 1

Following directions. M7NS-Ih-1

Ma’am Gee of Manuel Luis Quezon High School, Grade 7 Mathematics teacher asked her
students to find the words related to her lesson that day. She presented them with a word hunt
puzzle.

1. Find words that you think a related to the topic Real Number System. Highlight them using
an oblong shape. A word bank is presented on the right side of the puzzle.

F R A C T I O N O R T H
A E I O U X Z E R T S A Word Bank

H A Q H S W A G E N E W  Real
 Integer
U L C V R A S A N T Y H
 Whole
O E R T A Y P T K I L O  Natural
P L F B T U J I J L O L  Rational
 Positive
S P O S I T I V E R W E  Negative
V I S F O R T E P D Q O  Fraction

B N E P N Q W O W A S X

T X D N A T U R A L T D
X I V I L V F S Q T U Y

A R E T F I N T E G E R

2. From the words you find, create the hierarchy/the Venn Diagram of the real number system.
3. Give examples of each subset of real numbers.

Activity 2

State whether each statement is true or false. M7NS-Ih-1

1. Zero is a positive integer.

2. The smallest positive integer is 1.
3. The smallest negative integer is -1.
4. There is no smallest or largest integer.
5. Rational numbers are denoted by Q.
6. The set of real numbers is an infinite set.
7. Every negative integer is a rational number.
8. Some whole numbers are rational numbers.
9. All numbers greater than zero are positive integers.
10. Irrational numbers cannot be represented on a number line.

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 6
ACTIVITY 3

Determine the subsets of real numbers to which each number belongs. You may check more than
one column for your answer. M7NS-Ih-1

WHOLE INTEGER RATIONAL IRRATIONAL

NUMBER
3
1. − 5

2. 8

𝜋
3. 4

4. 0.93

5. 0

6. −312

7. 48

8. √11

9. -1

4
10. 3
7

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 7
 Arranging Real Numbers in Decreasing and Ascending Order
To arrange real numbers in decreasing and ascending order, compare the real numbers first.
The symbols > (greater than), <(less than) and =(equal to) are used in comparing the numbers.

The Law of Trichotomy

If a and b are real numbers, then, one and only one of the following statements is true: a>b,
a=b, or a<b.

Example:

1. Tell whether the first real number is greater than, less than or equal to the second real number.
a. 14; 34 LESS THAN
b. -6; -6.5 GREATER THAN
1
c. 1 2 ; 1.5 EQUAL

2. Plot the points on the real number line then arrange them in ascending and descending order.

Given set: {5, -7, 0, 4, -10}

Solution: Remember the number line. Compare the numbers and plot them on the number line. If the
real number is a positive number, it is plotted on the right side of 0. If the real number is a negative
number, then it is plotted on the left side of 0.

Negative numbers are less than zero and positive numbers are greater than zero. After plotting,
arrange the numbers starting from the left side to the right side. For ascending order and right to left
for the descending order.

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Answer:
Ascending order: {-10, -7, 0, 4, 5}
Descending order: {5, 4, 0, -7, -10}

ACTIVITY 4
Use the symbols >, <, and = to compare the following pairs of real numbers: M7NS-Ih-2

1. -8 ______ 4
2. 2 ______√2
3. 5 ______ 0
2 1
4. 4 ______ 2
5. 3 _____-25
6. 0 _____ -100
7. -3.7 _____ -7.3
8. -14 _____ -41
9. 𝜋 _______ 3
10. 17 ______ -17

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 8
ACTIVITY 5
Arrange the given set or real number in ascending and descending order. M7NS-Ih-2

1. {−7, 10, 3, −5, 0}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

2. {0.25, 1.25, 1.5, 3.75, 2}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

3. {−1.2, −1.5, −1.8, −1.0, −2.0}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

4. {0, 4, −6, −2, −11}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

5. {5.8, 5.3, 5.6, 5.7, 5.0}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

1
6. {−5, −3 2 , −4, −3, 0}
Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

7. {−8, −5, −13, −17, −6}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

1 3
8. {1, 2 , − 4 , 2, 0}
Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

9. {0, 1, −1, 2, −2, 3, −3}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

10. {11, 56, 23, 4, 92, 101}

Ascending order: ____________________________
Descending order: ___________________________

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 9
Post Test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
______ 1. Which best describes the number √23?
A. rational C. irrational
B. integer D. not a real number
______ 2. Which of these numbers is an irrational number?
5
A. −2.222222... C. − 8
1
B. 2 D. √64
______ 3. What does the symbol > means in comparing real numbers?
A. greater than C. not equal
B. less than D. equal
______ 4. What set of numbers are also called the counting numbers?
A. rational number C. whole numbers
B. integers D. natural numbers
______ 5. Which best describes the number –36?
A. natural C. irrational
B. integer D. not a real number
______ 6. What set of numbers have a positive and negative numbers?
A. whole numbers C. integers
B. rational numbers D. counting
______ 7. Which of these numbers is an irrational number?
A.√26 B. √121 C. √100 D. √9
______ 8. What is the only number that is neither a positive or a negative integer?
A. 1 C. 2
B. 0 D. 3
3
______ 9. What is the descending order of the numbers 1, −6, 8 , 22?
3 3
A. 22, 8 , −6, 1 C. 22, −6, 8 , 1
3 3
B. 22, 1, , −6 D. 22, −6, 1,
8 8
______ 10. What is the ascending order of the following numbers 13, 8, 29, 43, 88?
A. 8, 13, 29, 43, 88 C. 8, 29, 13, 43, 88
B. 88, 43, 29, 13, 8 D. 88, 29, 43, 13, 8
______ 11. What is the ascending order of the following numbers 2.25, 3.50, 3.75, 2.50?
A. 3.75, 3.50, 2.50, 2.25 C. 2.25, 2.50, 3.50, 3.75
B. 3.50, 3.75, 2.50, 2.25 D. 2.25, 2.50, 3.75, 3.50
______ 12. Which of these numbers is a rational number?
A. a. √7 C. 𝜋
1
B. b. √11 D. 2
______ 13. What is the descending order of the numbers −11, −79, −20, −2, −9?
A. −2, −11, −9, −20, −79 C. −79, −20, −9, −11, −2
B. −2, −9, −11, −20, −79 D. −79, −20, −11, −9, −2
______ 14. If Y is a real number, which of these statements must be false?
A. Y can be both an integer and an even number.
B. Y can be both an integer and a rational number.
C. Y can be both a rational number and a negative number.
D. Y can be both a rational number and an irrational number.
______ 15. Which of the following is a proper fraction?
4 3
A. 4 C. 7
15 6
B. 11
D. 5

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 10
 REFERENCES

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Printed Materials:

Orines, Fernando B., Manalo, Catalina B. Next Century Mathematics First Year High School
Elementary Algebra (pages 38-45)

DepEd Materials :

Mathematics Learner’s Material 7 (Pages 101-108)

Electronic Sources:

http://deped.in/0vyUlwL

http://deped.in/UOMogtA

http://deped.in/0Hyn9A5

http://deped.in/EO789HK

mathandmultimedia.com/tag/number-line/

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 7 / FIRST QUARTER / REAL NUMBERS: SUBSET AND ARRANGEMENT PAGE 11