EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGY
FIRST QUARTER REVIEWER
Lesson 1 – Introduction to ICT
ICT in Our Everyday Lives
 Online platforms, Sites, and Content
 Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
 The World Wide Web
 Trends in ICT
 Online platforms, Sites, and Content
 Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
 The World Wide Web
 Trends in ICT
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
 use of different communication technologies
such as mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc.
to locate, save, send and edit information.
ICT in the Philippines (Info from book only)
 Several international companies dub the
Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia”
 There is a huge growth of ICT-related jobs
around the country, one of which is the call
center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing)
centers
 2013 edition of Measuring the Information
Society by the International Telecommunication
Union: There are 106.8 cellphones per 100
Filipinos in the year 2012.
 For every 100 Filipinos you meet, there is a high
change that they have a cellphone and
approximately for the seven of them, they have
two
 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and
Industries, NSO, in 2010: the ICT industry shares
19.3% of the total employment population here
in the Philippines
 Time Magazine’s “The Selfiest Cities around the
World” of 2013 places two cities from the
Philippines in the top 1 and top 10 spots. The
study was conducted using Instagram, a popular
photo sharing application.
Web 1.0
 When the World Wide Web was invented, most
web pages were static
 Static (also known as flat page or stationary
page) in the sense that the page is “as is” and
cannot be manipulated by the user.
 The content is also the same for all users. This is
referred to as Web 1.0.
Web 2.0: Dynamic Web Pages
 evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web
pages—the user is able to see a website
differently than others.
 Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking
sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted
services, and web applications.
 allows users to interact with the page: instead
of just reading a page, the user may be able to
comment or create a user account
 also allows users to use web browsers instead
of just using their operating system
 Browsers can now be used for their user
interface, application software (or web
applications), and even for file storage.
 Most websites that we visit today are Web 2.0.
Features of Web 2.0:
1. Folksonomy
 allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely
chosen keywords (e.g., tagging)
 Popular social networking sites such as
Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags
that start with the pound sign (#). This is
also referred to as hashtag.
2. Rich User Experience
 Content is dynamic and is responsive to
user’s input
 An example would be a website that shows
local content
 In the case of social networking sites, when
logged on, your account is used to modify
what you see in their website
3. Long Tail.
 Services are offered on demand rather than
on a one-time purchase
 In certain cases, time-based pricing is better
than file-size-based pricing or vice versa
 This is synonymous to subscribing to a data
plan that charges you for the amount of
time you spent in the Internet, or a data
plan that charges you for the amount of
bandwidth you used.
4. User Participation.
 The owner of the website is not the only
one who is able to put content.
 Others are able to place a content of their
own by means of comment, reviews, and
evaluation.
 Some websites allow readers to comment
on an article, participate in a poll, or review
a specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online
stores).
5. Software as a Service.
 Users will subscribe to a software only
when needed rather than purchasing them.
 This is a cheaper option if you do not always
need to use a software. For instance,
Google Docs is a free web-based application
that allows the user to create and edit word
processing and spreadsheet documents
online. When you need a software, like a
Word Processor, you can purchase it for a
one-time huge amount and install it in your
computer and it is yours forever.
 Software as a service allows you to “rent” a
software for a minimal fee.
6. Mass Participation.
  It is a diverse information sharing through
universal web access.
 Since most users can use the Internet, Web
2.0’s content is based on people from
various cultures.
Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web
Semantic Web
 a movement led by the World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C).
 The W3C standard encourages web developers
to include semantic content in their web pages.
 According to the W3C, “The Semantic Web
provides a common framework that allows data
to be shared and reused across application,
enterprise, and community boundaries.”
 The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or
servers) understand the user’s preferences to
be able to deliver web content specifically
targeting the user.
Several problems of Web 3.0:
1. Compatibility
 HTML files and current web browsers could not
support Web 3.0.
2. Security
 The user’s security is also in question since the
machine is saving his or her preferences.
3. Vastness
 The World Wide Web already contains billions
of web pages.
4. Vagueness
 Certain words are imprecise. The words “old”
and “small” would depend on the user.
5. Logic
 Since machines use logic, there are certain
limitations for a computer to be able to predict
what the user is referring to at a given time.
Trends in ICT:
1. Convergence
 Technological convergence is the synergy of
technological advancements to work on a
similar goal or task.
2. Social Media
 Social media is a website, application, or online
channels that enable web users to create, co-
create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-
generated content.
 Six types of social media:
a. Social Networks – These are sites that allow
you to connect with other people with the
same interests or background.
b. Bookmarking Sites – These are sites that
allow you to store and manage links to
various websites and resources.
c. Social News – These are sites that allow
users to post their own news items or links
to other news sources.
d. Media Sharing – These are sites that allow
you to upload and share media content like
images, music, and video.
e. Microblogging – These are sites that focus
on short updates from the user.
f. Blogs and Forums – These websites allow
users to post their content.
3. Mobile Technologies
 The popularity of smartphones and tablets has
taken a major rise over the years. This is largely
because of the devices’ capability to do tasks
that were originally found in personal
computers.
 Kinds of Operating Systems:
a. iOS – used in Apple devices such as the
iPhone and iPad
b. Android – an open source operating system
developed by Google. Being open source
means several mobile phone companies use
this OS for free.
c. Blackberry OS – used in Blackberry devices
d. Windows Phone OS – a closed source and
proprietary operating system developed by
Microsoft
e. Symbian – the original smartphone OS;
used by Nokia devices
f. WebOS – originally used by smartphones;
now used for smart TVs
g. Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft
for smartphones and pocket PCs
4. Assistive Media
Assistive media is a nonprofit service designed to help
people who have visual and reading impairments. A
database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Current State of ICT in the Philippines
Electronic Government (e-Government)
 The use of information and communication
technology and other web-based technology to
enhance access of information and improve
delivery, efficiency and effectiveness of services
to the public.
ICT Projects in the Philippines:
Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards (NOAH)
 DOST’s mobile version of Project NOAH enables
Filipinos to access real time information
relevant to weather conditions and disaster
preparedness in the palm of their hands (mobile
phone) and new ways of using mobile devices,
thereby saving lives and potential economic
loss.
Mobile Operational System for Emergency Services
(MOSES)
 Aims to support the current operations of
project NOAH. - Design to help Local Disaster
Risk Reduction Management Council in making
decisions concerning the impending disaster,
whether to declare suspension of works or
classes in schools or to take evacuation actions
in their areas of concern.
 It can receive real-time weather and flood
information from PAGASA and Project NOAH.
Additionally, it allows users to access weather
 data such as: temperature, moisture, and other
vital information directly accessible from
Doppler radar, water level sensor, and water
gauges.
Integrated Government Philippines
 is a joint project of DOST-ICTO and DOST-ASTI,
the project aims to set-up a government-
shared network that will facilitate, deployment
and integration of mission-critical ICT projects
especially those that deliver common
government services.
 Initially, the following development systems
will be targeted for integration: e-Serbisyo as
the single sign-on portal, Unified-Purpose ID
(UMID), the Philippines Key Infrastructure (PKI),
eBayad and the Philippines Government
Electronic Procurement System (PhilGEPS).
Electronic Governance in Local Government Unit
Projects (E-LGU Projects)
 is intended to revolutionized local governance
by making the LGUs electronically enabled
thereby improving the delivery of public
services, promoting transparency in
government transactions and increasing public
access to government information services,
among others. Some projects are:
 Electronic Real Property Tax System (eRPTS)
 Electronic Business Permit and Licensing
System (eBPLS)
 Electronic Treasury Operations
Management System (eTOMS)
Contact Center ng Bayan (CCB)
 is a joint initiative to improve service delivery
and reduce red tape in government frontline
services. Through a single number, a citizen can
gain access to government services and
information, report complaints and ask
assistance through various communication
channels.
Philippines Community eCenter (CeC)
 is a program that seeks to establish new CeCs in
municipalities where there are no shared
internet access facilities, transform existing
school computer laboratories and internet
cages, where feasible, to become CeCs and
enhance and strengthen existing CeCs.
E-Government Philippines Health Insurance Corporation
(PhilHealth)
 Personally Controlled Health Records (PCHR) -
The plan for PhilHealth to release specifications
for PCHR to enable a transformation on health
data management is expected to recreate a
patient-centric care as well as stimulating a new
business sector on health data stewardship. The
PCHR will be owned by the patients and co-
managed with their health providers such as
hospitals and clinics
iPinay Program
 The continuing commitment to address the
gender ICT gap, by empowering more women
with ICTs. We are also engaging with more local
and international partners to provide
opportunities for our CeCs in various areas:
 Health information services & telemedicine
 Employment and Livelihood Opportunities
 Linking with Libraries
 Global connection and Exchange with high
school
 Tech Age Girls
 Micro-entrepreneurship & Business skills
mentoring Community Based on line content
development.
Ramos Administration: Policies
 1994: National Information Technology Plan
2000 (NITP2000)
 1994 & 1998: Executive Order 190 s. 1994
(amended by EO 469 in 1998) established the
National Information Technology Council (NITC)
 Directly policy body in ICT matters in the
country
 Mandated the designation of Information
System Planners in each government
agency to take charge.
 1997: Government-approved IT21 was
formulated
 Countries action agenda for year 2000 and
beyond
 Promoted best practices in ICT governance
 Encouraged outsourcing of government ICT
projects to promote ICT growth
 1997: Administrative Order 3332: Directives for
Government Agencies’ Internet Connectivity
 Aims to connect for greater efficiency in
communication and data interchange.
 Government
 Academe
 Industry business sector
 Stimulate the growth of the Philippines web
– thereby strengthening the role of
telecommunications systems, network and
communications systems, content
management and applications to provide
better services
 Meant to develop the Philippines
Information Infrastructure (PII) framework
Estrada Administration: Policies
 2000: The Electronic Commerce Act
 Defines the government’s policies on e-
commerce and electronic transactions
 Recognize electronic evidence as admissible
in court
 2000: Government Information Systems Plan
(GSIP) 2000 framework (Executive Order 265 s.
2000)
  Computerize key frontline and common
government services and operation
 Created Information Technology and
eCommerce Council (ITECC)
 Partnership between public and private
sectors for IT and eCommerce matters
 ISP.COM strategy
Arroyo Administration: Policies
 Placed ICT as a priority in its agenda
 General Appropriations Act of 2004 – 2010
establishes an e-Government fund as
source of funding for mission-critical, high-
impact, and cross-agency government ICT
projects
 Strengthened Information Technology and
eCommerce Council (ITECC) which was created
by President Estrada
 2004: Commission on ICT (CICT), a de facto DICT
 CICT formulated Philippines IT Roadmap
 Fell short compared to Malaysia’s
Wawasan 2020 and Singapore’s iN2015
 (shortly after roadmap was formulated,
National Broadband Network (NBN) scandal
erupted, consumed greater part of public
attention
Aquino Administration: Policies
 Abolished CICT, instead moved IT directives
under DOST-ICTO (Information and
Communication Technology Office)
 Minimized red-tapes for starting a business, tax
holidays for business operating in PEZA
 May 23, 2016: Signed into law bill creating the
Department of Information and
Communications Technology or DICT
 The department will promote ICT
development, institutionalize e-government
and manage the country’s ICT environment
 The department shall be the primary policy,
planning, coordinating, implementing, and
administrative entity of the Executive
Branch of the government that will plan,
develop and promote national ICT
development agenda.
Duterte Administration: Policies
 Open PH to foreign telos (or telcos idk) to speed
up internet connections
 Develop national broadband plan for the
Philippines
 Creation of NIPC or National ICT Confederation
of the Philippines
 Commit to create one million direct jobs
and three million indirect jobs in the
countryside by 2020
Lesson 2 – Rules of Netiquette
Netiquette
 network etiquette, the do’s and don’ts of online
communication
10 best rules of netiquette:
1. The Golden Rule
2. No Flaming
3. Don’t type in all caps
4. Don’t spam
5. Don’t talk with people you do not know
6. Obey Copyright Laws
7. Use proper grammar and spelling
8. Be honest/Be yourself
9. Follow the TOS (Term of Service)
10. Shop secure sites
Online security, safety, and ethics
 the internet is a powerful tool, but it also has
“another side of the coin”
 dangerous place if you do not know what you are
doing
 Internet Safety – online security or safety of
people and their information when using the
internet
 HTTPS – “Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure”
 Types of Information:
 First Name – hackers can know plenty of stuff
just from your first name
 Last Name – sharing both first and last names is
riskier; prone identity theft
 Middle Name – not the riskiest; entire full name
would be most risky
 Current and previous schools (s) – can be used
for verification purposes
 Your Cellphone Number – same as posting your
number on a billboard
 Who your Mother and Father are – full names
are risky, especially the mother’s maiden name
as it could be an answer to a secret question for
a lost password
 Who your siblings are – strangers can use their
identity to dupe you
 Your address – criminals can find you
 Your home phone number – scams use this to
deceive and a stranger can pretend to know
your parents or can pretend to be you
 Your birthday – prone to identity theft
 The Internet is defined as the Information
superhighway = anyone has access to this highway,
can place information, and can grab that
information
Tips to Stay Safe Online:
1. Be mindful of what you share online and what
site you share it to
2. Read before accepting terms and conditions
3. Check out the privacy policy page of a website
4. Know the security features of the social
networking site you use
5. Do not share your password with anyone
6. Avoid logging in to public networks/Wi-Fi.
“Incognito browsing” won’t protect you from
hackers
7. Don’t talk to strangers whether online or face-
to-face
8. Never post anything about a future vacation
9. Add friends you know in real life
 10. Avoid visiting untrusted websites
11. Install and update an antivirus software on your
computer
12. Make your Wi-Fi at home a private network by
adding a password
13. Avoid downloading anything from untrusted
websites (torrents = most vulnerable, not
monitored by site owner)
14. Buy the software, don’t use pirated ones
15. Do not reply or click links from suspicious emails
Internet threats
1. Malware
 malicious software
 set of instructions that run on your computer
and make your system do something that an
attacker wants it to do
 good for stealing personal information, deleting
files, clicking fraud, stealing software serial
numbers and using your computer as relay
 kinds of malware:
 Virus
 malicious program designed to replicate
itself and transfer from one computer
to another either through the internet
and local networks or data storage like
flash drives and CDs
 a computer virus is a piece of malicious
computer code that attaches itself to a
software program, email or computer
file without your permission
 can transfer through the internet and
local networks or data storage like flash
drives and CD’s
 Worm
 A malicious program that transfers from
one computer to another by any type of
means
 uses computer network to spread itself
 Example: ILOVEYOU worm, Love Bug
Worm created by Filipino
 Trojan
 A malicious program that is disguised as
a useful program but once downloaded
or installed, leaves your PC unprotected
and allows hackers to get your
information
 Rogue security software – tricks the
user into posting that it is a security
software. It asks the user to pay to
improve his/her security but in reality
they are not protected at all
Both Trojan and Worm spread to other
computers.
 Spyware
 program that runs in the background
without you knowing it
 has the ability to monitor what you are
currently doing and typing through
keylogging
 Keyloggers – used to record the
keystroke done by the user. This is done
to steal their password or any other
sensitive information. It can also record
email, messages or any information you
type using your keyboard
 Adware
 program designed to send your
advertisement, mostly as pop-ups
2. Spam – transmission of unsolicited messages from
various origins using electric messaging systems;
unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers
3. Phishing
 software or a program used by an attacker to
obtain personal information
 targets the passwords to hack and take control
of a user account
 goal is to acquire sensitive personal information
like passwords and credit card details
 Pharming
 more complicated way of phishing where it
exploits the DNS (Domain Name Service)
system
How to avoid these threats?
 A very effective way of avoiding these threats is
verifying the authenticity and credibility of the
WEB source.
Government Provisions for Online Courtesy and
Etiquette
 Republic Act 10627 or Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
 Republic Act 10175 or Cybercrime Prevention
Act of 2012
Think Before You Click
1. Before you post something on the web, ask
these questions to yourself: Would you want
your parents or grandparents to see it? Would
you want your future boss to see it? Once you
post something on the web, you have no
control of who sees your posts.
2. Your friends depend on you to protect their
reputation online. Talk to your friends about
this serious responsibility.
3. Set your post to “private.” In this way, search
engines will not be able to scan that post.
4. Avoid using names. Names are easy for search
engines to scan.
5. If you feel that a post can affect you or other’s
reputation, ask the one who posted it to pull it
down or report it as inappropriate.
Copyright (Copyright Infringement)
 intellectual property = If you create
something—an idea, an invention, a form of
literary work, or a research, you have the right
of how it should be used by others
 Some tips to avoid copyright infringement:
 Understand – Copyright protects literary
works, etc. but it generally does not protect
 underlying ideas and facts; you can express
something using your own words but you
should give credit to the source
 Be responsible – Be responsible enough to
know if something has copyright
 Be creative – Ask yourself whether what
you are making is something that came
from you or something made from
somebody else’s creativity
 Know the law – in the Philippines,
copyrights only last a lifetime (of the
author) plus 50 years; there are also
provisions for “fair use” where intellectual  By default, all searches are AND searches
property may be used without consent as  You must capitalize the NOT and OR functions
long as it is used in commentaries,  Stop words (commonly occurring words and
criticisms, search engines, parodies, news numbers that are omitted to speed a full-text
reports, research, library archiving, teaching search) and all punctuating marks, except for
and education; fan-fiction is copyright the symbols noted in this topic, are ignored
infringement and some copyright holders unless they are surrounded by quotation marks
ignore them but they can opt to use their or preceded by the + symbol
rights  Only the first ten terms are used to get search
results
Effective Searching  Similar to the MDAS, term grouping and
Search Engines: Google, YouTube, SlideShare, Scribd Boolean functions are supported in the
following order: parentheses, quotation marks,
What happens when you Google? NOT +-, AND &, OR|

4. Look for a credible source

5. Give credit

Tips in effective searching

 Use unique, specific terms – use unique terms that
are specific to the subject you are researching
 Use quotation marks for exact phrases
 Don’t use common words and punctuation
(punctuation; “a” and “the” = stop words; they are
ignored; Raven and The Raven return entirely
different results)
 Capitalization – most search engines do not
Google Search Results:
distinguish between uppercase and lowercase, even
within quotation marks
 Drop the suffixes – enter the base word so that you
don’t exclude relevant pages
 Maximize AutoComplete
 Use browser history
 Set a time limit, then change tactics – try something
else if you can never find what you are looking for

YouTube Searching
1. Use quotes for exact matches
2. Limit your searches to a time frame
3. Using in title to force words to appear in the
Tips in conducting online research title
1. Have a question in mind 4. Take advantage of filters to narrow down
2. Narrow it down results
3. Advanced search (Google) 5. Use “+” or “-” to include or omit keywords
 Bing certain keywords and symbols for 6. Let YouTube fill in the blanks
advanced search:
Remember:
 The Internet is the great equalizer for those
who know how to use it efficiently.
  Anyone can now easily find facts using a search
engine instead
 Never underestimate the power of a skilled
search expert.
Other key terms:
 Cybercrime – crime committed or assisted
through the use of the Internet
 Privacy Policy – tells user how the website will
handle its data
 Virus – malicious program designed to replicate
itself and transfer from one computer to
another
Lesson 3 – Advanced Word Processing Skills
Mail merge and label generation
 Mail Merge = allows you to create documents
and combine or merge them with another
document or data file
2 Components of Mail Merge:
1. Form Document
 document that contains the main body of the
message we want to convey or send
 also included here is what we call place holders,
also referred to as data fields or merge fields
 this marks the position on your form document
where individual data or information will be
inserted
2. List or Data File
 where the individual information or data that
needs to be plugged in (merged) to our form
document is placed and maintained
Label Generation
 creates a blank form document that simulates
either a blank label or envelope of pre-defined
size and will use the data file that you selected
to print the information, typically, individual
addresses.
Integrating images and external materials
Kinds of Materials:
1. Pictures – electronic or digital pictures or
photographs you have saved in any local storage
device
 .JPG – short term for .jpeg or Joint Photographic
Experts Group; identifies data compression for
the internet; 16.7 million colors; isn’t
transparent; best quality; doesn’t work well on
lettering, line drawings or simple graphics; small
file size
 .GIF – Graphics Interchange Format; displays
transparencies; 256 colors; simple animation;
logos, drawings, small text, black and white
images, or low-resolution files
 .PNG – “ping”; Portable Network Graphics;
transparencies; 16 million colors; doesn’t
support animation; allows control of
transparency level or opacity
2. Clip Art – a .GIF type; line art drawings or images
used as generic representation for ideas and objects
3. Shapes – printable objects or materials that you can
integrate in your document to enhance its
appearance or to allow you to have some tools to
use for composing and representing ideas or
messages
4. Smart Art – predefined sets of different shapes
grouped together to form ideas that are
organizational or structural in nature
5. Chart – allows you to represent data characteristics
and trends
6. Screenshot – Sometimes, creating reports or
manuals for training or procedure will require the
integration of a more realistic image of what you
are discussing on your report or manual
Word Processor
 is an electronic device or computer software
application that performs the task of
composing, editing, formatting, and printing of
documents
 Examples: OpenOffice Writer, LibreOffice
Writer, Polaris Office, Kingsoft Writer,
Wordperfect, Wordpad, Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word
 is a word processor developed by Microsoft
 It was first released on October 25, 1983
 It is also known as MS Word.
 Press “Windows Logo” + R then type “winword”
then enter.
 Features of MS Word:
 AutoCorrect – corrects common spelling errors
as well as capitalization mistakes
 AutoFormat – applies formatting to text, e.g.
number listing, bullet, hyperlinks
 Grammar Checker – proofreads documents for
grammar, writing style, sentence structure
errors and reading statistics
 Template – a document that contains the
formatting necessary for a specific document
type
 Thesaurus – provides synonyms for a word in a
document
 Tables – organize information into rows and
columns
 Mail Merge – a feature that allows you to
create a document and merge them with
another document or data file
 Text Wrap – adjusts how the image behaves
around other objects or text
 Keyboard Shortcuts in Word Processing Software:
 Ctrl + A – Select All
 Ctrl + B – Bold Text
 Ctrl + C – Copy Text
 Ctrl + D – Show Font Dialog Box
 Ctrl + E – Align Text to Center
 Ctrl + F – Display Find Dialog Box
 Ctrl + G – Display Go To Dialog Box
 Ctrl + H – Display Replace Dialog Box
 Ctrl + I - Italicize Text
  Ctrl + J – Justify Text
 Ctrl + K – Create a hyperlink
 Ctrl + L – Align Text to Left
 Ctrl + M – Tab
 Ctrl + N – Create a new document
 Ctrl + O – Open a document
 Ctrl + P – Display Print dialog box
 Ctrl + R – Align Text to Right
 Ctrl + S – Save a document
 Ctrl + U – Underline Text
 Ctrl + V – Paste a copied text
 Ctrl + X – Cut a selected Text
 Ctrl + Y – Redo the last undone action
 Ctrl + Z – Undo the last action
 Customizing a Word Document
 Home Tab – allows you to change document
settings, such as the font properties, adding
bullets or a numbered list, adjusting styles, and
other common features (Text Alignment: Left,
Right, Center, Justified)
 Insert Tab – is used to insert different features
such as tables, pictures, clip art, shapes, charts,
page numbers, word art, headers, and footers
into a document.
 Page Layout Tab – refers to the arrangement of
text, images, and other objects on a page
 Page Sizes: Short (Letter) – 8.5” by 11”,
Long (Folio) – 8.5” by 13”, A4 - 8.27” by
11.69"
 Page Orientation: Portrait, Landscape
 Image Placement:
 In Line with Text – default setting for
images that are inserted or integrated
in a document.
 Square – allows the image you inserted
to be placed anywhere within the
paragraph with the text going around
the image in a square pattern like a
frame.
 Tight – almost the same as the square
setting, but here the text “hugs” to the
general shape of the image.
 Through – allows the text on your
document to flow even tighter, taking
the contour and shape of the image
 Top and Bottom – pushes the text away
vertically to the top and/or the bottom
of the image so that the image occupies
a whole text line on its own.
 Behind Text – allows your image to be
dragged and placed anywhere on your
document but with all text floating in
front of it.
 In Front of Text – allows your image to
be placed right on top of the text as if
your image was dropped right on it.
Lesson 4 – Advanced Spreadsheet Skills
Microsoft Excel
 provides an automated way of displaying any
statistical data
 It can be used to automatically compute for
several factors that are not easy to notice
especially when faced by a large data
 Microsoft Excel includes several arithmetic and
basic functions that help you compute faster.
Basic Excel Formulas:
Addition (+)
Subtraction (-)
Multiplication (*)
Division (/)
*type <=> before the formula, thus: =a1+a2 <then, hit
the ENTER key>
• Average – a function used to compute for the average
of the number of a range.
• COUNTIF – a function used to count the cells with a
specified content within a range; =COUNTIF(range,
criteria)
• SUMIF – a function used to compute for the
summation of a range if a certain condition is met
• AVERAGEIF – a function used to compute for the
average of a range if a certain condition is met;
=AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, average range)
Excel Formulas and Functions
You can use formulas to:
 Solve mathematical problems
 Complete statistical and financial functions
 Return numerical and text values based on
other cells
 Add and format text in cells
Formula
 Mathematical Equation
 All formulas begin with an equal (=) sign
 Data that is stored in the worksheet and that
needs to be used in a formula is referenced
using the cell’s address
 =A1+A2/(A3-A4)
Functions
 A predefined formula
 Formula: =A1+A2+A3+A4+A5
 Function: =SUM(A1:A5)
More complex formula: Error Messages (Cell Reference)
 ######### – Column not wide enough
 #VALUE! – Wrong Argument or Reference
 #DIV/0! – Dividing by zero
 #Name? – Excel doesn’t recognize text in
formula
 #N/A! – Missing data or wrong value for lookup
function
 #REF – Cell reference not valid (Deleted cell,
pasted over)
 #NUM! – Invalid numeric value
 #NULL! – Specified cells do not intersect
What makes a formula?
 =(3*$A$2*SUM(A3:A9))^1/3
How to Copy Formulas?
 Begin with =
 AutoFill is a command you can use when you
 Constants want to copy the same formula across a range
 Cell References of adjacent cells.
 Operators  AutoFill will automatically change cell addresses
 Functions depending on where the new formula is being
copied
Constants
 Values entered directly into a formula
 Simple
 Accurate
 Inflexible
 2, 3, 12, 14.32

References
 Relative (Column Row)
A1, C18, ZZ65536]

 Absolute ($Column$Row)
$A$1, $C$18,$ZZ$6553

 Mixed (Fixed Column or Row)

$A1, C$18

 Named Ranges:
Int_Rate, Grade_Scale

Operators
 Arithmetic
- (negative) % ^ (Exponent) * / +
 Comparison
= < > <= >= <>

 Text Add values

&  Within a certain range:
 Reference =SUM(C2:C13)
: (Colon) _ (Space) , (Comma)  For an entire range:
=SUM(C:C) Note: Insert this function in another
Operator Order column.
 Formulas are read from Left to Right
1. ( ) Count Values
2. Negation  Count values in a range and it the entire range:
3. % =COUNT(C2:C13)
4. ^ =COUNT(C:C)
5. or /  Conditional Counting:
6. + or – =COUNTIF(A2:A13, “Jones”) or
7. & =COUNTIF(A2:A13, “=Jones”) – equal
8. = < > <= >= <> =COUNTIF(A2:A13, “<> Jones”) – not equal
  Count the Number of Sales Greater than a
Target Value:
=COUNTIF(C2:C13, “>”&D1)
Note: the concatenation operator (&) is used to
join the greater than symbol (>) with the cell
reference.
 Count the Number of Sales Greater than the
Sales Average:
=COUNTIF(C2:C13, “>”&AVERAGE(C2:C13))
Conditional Summing
 Formula that adds all the sales in January:
=SUMIF(B2:B13, “=Jan”, C2:C13)
 Add up sales made by other sales
representative:
=SUMIF(A2:A13, “<> Rogers”, C2:C13)
 Add up the sales greater than a certain value:
=SUMIF(C2:C13, “>500”,C2:C13)
Using the IF Function
 Display a value that depends on criteria you set
 Returns a value if one condition is true and
returns another value if the condition is false
=IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
PMT Function
 Function used to calculate a loan payment
amount using principal, interest rate and
number of payment periods.
=PMT(rate, nper,pv)
=PMT( .09/12,4*12,24000)
Calculating time period
 Each day, month, and year is given a particular
numerical value or serial number by your
computer.
 Your computer will work from 1900 date system
or 1904 date system
 1900 date system: Jan 1, 1900 –Dec 31, 9999
 1904 date system: Jan 2, 1904 – Dec31, 9999
 To check go to Tools – Options – Calculation
Other Key Terms:
 Accounting Number Format – number that is
used for accounting
 Orientation – angle at which a text is diplayed
Lesson 5 – Advanced Presentation Skills
Creating an Effective Presentation
 here are some quick tips in creating an effective
presentation:
1. Minimize
 keep slide counts to a minimum to maintain a
clear message and to keep the audience
attentive
 Remember that the presentation is just a visual
aid
 Most information should still come from the
reporter
2. Clarity
 avoid being fancy by using a font style that is
easy to read
 make sure that it is also big enough to be read
by the audience
 once you start making your presentation,
consider how big the screen is during your
report
 A font size of 72 is about an inch (depends on
the screen size). A one-inch letter is readable 10
feet away; a two-inch letter is readable 20 feet
away
3. Simplicity
 use bullets or short sentences
 summarize the information on the screen to
have your audience focus on what the speaker
is saying than on reading the slide
 limit the content to six lines and seven words
per line
 this is known as the 6 x 7 rule
4. Visuals
 use graphics to help in your presentation but
not too many to distract the audience
 instead of using a table of data, use charts and
graphs
5. Consistency
 make your design uniform
 avoid having different font styles and
backgrounds
6. Contrast
 use light font on dark background or vice versa
 this is done so that it is easier to read
 in most instances, it is easier to read on screen
if the background is dark; this is due to the
brightness of the screen
Hyperlinks
Using Hyperlinks in Microsoft Powerpoint:
1. Select an object or highlight a text.
2. Go to Insert > Hyperlinks (under links category)
or use the shortcut key Ctrl + K. The insert
Hyperlink dialog box would appear.
Link to Options:
a. Existing File or Web Page – creates a
hyperlink to website or a local file saved in your
hard drive. Just browse your file in the dialog
box or type the web address.
b. Place in This Document – creates a hyperlink
that allows you to jump to a specific slide in
your presentation.
c. Create a New Document – creates a hyperlink
that once clicked, creates a new document on
your specified location.
d. E-mail Address – creates a hyperlink that
opens Microsoft Outlook that automatically
adds your specified recipient on a new email.

3. When done, click OK to apply your hyperlink.
Embedding files and data
Embedding Objects in Microsoft Powerpoint
 Embedding objects is easy using PowerPoint
Presentation. With this option, you can insert
an Excel file that would look like a table to a
PowerPoint Presentation.
Embedding an Excel File to your Powerpoint
Presentation
1. Go to the Insert tab.
2. On the Text group, click on Object.
3. The Insert Object dialog box would appear:
Options:
a. Create New – creates a new file from scratch.
You can select on a wide variety of files listed.
b. Create from File – creates a file from an
existing file saved on your hard drive; simply
browse the file to use it. Putting a check on the
“link” option will allow you to modify the Excel
file inside your PowerPoint Presentation.
4. Once you are done, click OK.
Lesson 6 – Imaging and Design for Online Environment
Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout:
1. Balance – The visual weight of objects, texture,
colors, and space is evenly distributed on the
screen.
2. Emphasis – An area in the design that may
appear different in size, texture, shape or color
to attract the viewer’s attention.
3. Movement – Visual elements guide the viewer’s
eyes around the screen.
4. Pattern, Repetition, and Rhythm – These are
the repeating visual element on an image or
layout to create unity in the layout or image.
Rhythm is achieved when visual elements
create a sense of organized movement.
5. Proportion – Visual elements create a sense of
unity where they relate well with one another.
6. Variety – This uses several design elements to
draw a viewer’s attention.
Infographics
 Information graphics or infographics are used to
represent information, statistical data, or
knowledge in a graphical manner usually done
in a creative way to attract the viewer’s
attention.
 Creating Infographics using Piktochart:
1. Create a piktochart account by going to
www.piktochart.com and click sign up on
the upper right corner of the page.
2. Fill up the information on the Sign Up page;
alternatively, you can connect with Google+
or Facebook
3. Once you have created an account and
logged in, select a template for your
infographic. Since your data relates to
marketing or sales, simply hover over the
Presenta Board theme under Free Themes
then select Create
4. The Piktochart editor will open (may take a
while to load depending on your Internet
connection). The Presenta Board theme
consists of three blocks (parts). Select the
blocks and input the information as you see
fit.
5. While editing a block, you can use the
various tools on the left side of the page:
A. Graphics – allows you to insert lines,
shapes, icons and even photos
B. Uploads – allows you to upload images
for your infographic
C. Background – changes the background
of a selected block
D. Text – allows you to insert text to your
infographic with the option to add text
frames
E. Styles – allows you to modify the color
scheme of your infographic
F. Tools – allows you to create charts
(similar to the ones in PowerPoint),
maps (for demographics), and videos
Editing tips:
 Double-click a text to edit the content
 When working with objects, the toolbox
on top of the topmost block will allow
you to manipulate it. This is similar to
working with objects in PowerPoint
where you can arrange an object to be
on top or bottom of another
 When working with charts, double-click
the chart to open the datasheet editor
 You may rename the title of your
infographic on the top toolbar.
6. To save your work, click on Save on the top
right of the page. To save it in your
computer, click on Download. In the
Download options, select the medium-sized
and the PNG file type.
Online Image File Formats

 *When inserting text to a web page, you can simply
copy a text to your html editor, or you can upload it
on a website as a PDF file. Most browsers support
“add-ons” so that you can open PDF files without
leaving the browser.
Principles and Basic Techniques of Image Manipulation
 Tips to help you edit images for your website:
1. Choose the right file format – Try to make a
real-life photograph into GIF to see the
difference between PNG, GIF, and JPEG.
Knowing the purpose is the key to finding out
the best file format.
2. Choose the right image size – A camera with 12
megapixels constitutes to a bigger image size.
Monitors have a resolution limit, so even if you
have a million megapixels, it will not display
everything.
3. Caption it – Remember to put a caption on
images whenever possible. If it is not related to
the web page, then remove it.
Creating and Manipulating Images Using Photoscape
1. Viewer – picture viewer with features the same
with most image viewers like changing image
orientation
2. Editor – alters the appearance of a single image
3. Batch Editor – alters the appearance of multiple
images
4. Page – arranges several photos to create a
single one; similar to a mosaic
5. Combine – links several images together to
form a bigger image
6. Animated GIF – allows you to create an
animated GIF from several pictures
7. Print – readies pictures for printing
8. Splitter – divides a single photo into multiple
parts
9. Screen Capture – captures the screen and saves
it
10. Color Picker – grabs a pixel from your screen to
be used in editing
11. Raw Converter – converts RAW images
(uncompressed images usually from digital
camera) to JPEG
12. Rename – allows you to rename a batch of
photos
13. Paper Print – useful tool for printing your own
calendars, sheets, lined paper, graph paper, etc.
Editor and Batch Edit
Editor Edit
1. Open PhotoScape then choose editor
2. Choose the folder where the image you want to
manipulate is located using the file explorer on
the upper left
3. Once you have selected the folder, you will see
a preview of all the images found on that folder
at the bottom of the file explorer
4. From the preview, select the image you want to
use. The image will now be shown on a much
bigger preview inside your work area similar to
what is shown below
5. Notice the properties of the image like the file
name, the image size (in pixels), and the file size
found on the bottom of the preview
6. Manipulate the image using the tools on the
bottom
a. Home tab – this is where you can add a
frame, resize, sharpen, and add filters and
effects to your image
b. Objects tab – this is where you can place a
wide variety of images like texts, shapes,
and symbols
c. Crop – this is where various tools can be
found in order to properly crop an image to
a desirable size
d. Tools – includes other tools like red eye
correction, mole removal, mosaic effect and
brush tools. For more information about a
tool, simply click it and a tip will be
displayed describing how to use it.
7. Click Save located on the lower right of the
program. The Save As dialog box will appear.
Save it in your activities folder with the file
name editorexer.jpg. Check the file size and see
how much space you need.
Batch Edit
 one of the most useful tools when trying to easily
manipulate all images at the same time
1. Select the folder where your photos are
located, then on the Preview window, drag the
photos you want to be part of the batch edit to
the work area (center)
2. Use the tools on the right to edit your photo.
This is similar to the options in edit except the
Crop and Tools tab which are replaced by the
Filters tab. The Filters tab is used to add a
certain filter that will apply to all your photos.
3. Resize the pictures so that they do not exceed
800 pixels in width. Add filters if you want.
4. Click on Convert All button found on the upper
right
5. The Save dialog box will appear that will allow
you to change the location, the name of the
images, and the file type.
Sharing Photos with Photobucket
 There are plenty of free image hosting sites out
there, and Photobucket is one of the oldest.
Here’s how to access it:
1. First, sign up for a Photobucket account on
photobucket.com. Just like Piktochart, you may
use your Google+ or Facebook account to
automatically sign up.
2. Once your account is set up and you are already
logged in, click the Start Uploading button.
3. A new page will load allowing you to drag and
drop your photos or to choose them manually
or to choose an entire folder to upload. Select a
folder, add a password (optional), then feel free
to upload any photos you have right then.
4. Once selected, a progress bar will appear
indicating that the image is uploading. This may
take a moment and will depend on your
Internet connection. Once you are done, you
will see an indicator similar to the one shown in
the image below.
a. View Uploads – views photos you just
uploaded which also grants you options to
share and edit them individually
b. Share Album – shares everything you just
uploaded plus the other contents of your
specified folder
c. Edit Photos – uses Photobucket’s photo
editing tools to manipulate your image
5. Let us just assume you will share a photo
individually. To do this, click on View Uploads.
Once the page loads, click the photo you want
to share.
6. On the top of the image, you will see the
following options:
A – shares your photo directly to social media
and blogging platforms: Facebook, Twitter,
Google+, Tumblr, and Pinterest, respectively
B – gives you a variety of link codes for HTML,
Forums, Emails, Instant Messaging, and a direct
link
C – shares your image via email
D – allows you to download your image
E – shares your image to social media sites with
the option to add a custom message.
7. You may choose to share your photo to your
friends on Facebook. If you are done sharing,
you may now log off and close the browser.
Lesson 7 – Online Platforms for ICT Content
Development
Social Media Platforms
 Websites like Facebook allow you to create not
only personal accounts but also pages and
groups where you can share content.
 Twitter, LinkedIn (focus is on business and
professional networking), YouTube, Instagram
Blogging Platforms
 It typically looks like a newsletter where you are
given options to change the design to your
liking. Though you can manipulate the design,
social media platform’s popularity is still
unrivaled.
 WordPress, Tumblr, Blogger, Wix, Joomla
Content Management System
 A Content Management System (CMS) is a
computer application (sometimes online or
browser-based) that allows you to publish, edit
and manipulate, organize and delete web
content. CMS is used in blogs, news websites,
and shopping.
Starting a Blog in Five Steps:
1. Choose a blogging platform, domain name, and
hosting option.
2. Design your blog using a simple theme.
3. Modify your blog to get your desired look and
feel.
4. Select the best plugins for your blog.
5. Write compelling content that adds value to
readers.
 You can change the layout, color, backgrounds,
fonts, and menu of your Blog.
Cloud Computing
 A web-based online software
Advantages of Cloud Computing:
1. No need to install
2. Saves hard disk space
3. Easy access to your software
4. Saves you money from buying software licenses
5. No need to update because it updates
automatically
Disadvantages of Cloud Computing:
1. Can be hampered down by slow internet speed;
no connection, no cloud computing
2. May still require compatible software like a
browser
3. You do not own the software; you are simple
renting it
 4. Security risk of doing things over the Internet as
opposed to your personal computer alone
5. More prone to hacking
Lesson 8 – Basic Web Page Creation
 Web page creation using templates
 Web page design using an online WYSIWYG
platform
WYSIWYG
 WYSIWYG is the acronym for What You See Is
What You Get. This means that whatever you
type, insert, draw, place, rearrange, and eve
rything you do on a page is what the audience
will see.
Creating a Website using Microsoft Word
1. Open Microsoft Word.
2. Type anything on the page like “Welcome to my
Website.”
3. Click on File > Save As > Browse.
4. On the Save As dialog box, locate your activities
folder and create a new folder named “Sample
Webpage.”
5. Specify the filename “Sample Webpage.”
6. On the Save As type, select “Web Page (*.htm;
*.html).”
7. Click the Change Title button.
8. Input the title as seen below, then click OK then
Save.
9. Check the files on your Sample WebPage folder.
You will see a new folder generated including
your htm/html file.
10. Open the Sample WebPage.htm file and you will
see that you just created a webpage using MS
Word.
Creating your Own Website using Jimdo
 Jimdo is a WYSIWYG web hosting service. It
offers free, professional, and business web
hosting services.
 Jimdo has an iOS and Android App which you
can use to manage your website whenever you
do not have access to a PC.
Steps:
1. Sign-Up (New Account) or Login (Existing
Account)
2. Select a website that you want to create
(Website, Store, Blog)
3. Select an editor (Jimdo Dolphin and Jimdo
Creator)
4. What is your website all about? (Health &
Wellness, Consulting & Coaching, Services, Art
& Design, Photography & Portfolio, Store, Bar &
Restaurant, Tourism, Home & Garden, Fashion,
Community & Clubs, Personal, Blog, Other, Not
sure yet)
5. Choose the available template
6. Select a plan for your website (Business, Pro,
Free)
7. Type your domain name
8. Jimdo Editor; Hover the cursor to the element.
Select the options
9. Click "Edit Menu" to add menu from the menu
bar
10. New Page for the Menu that you created
11. Select the available layout for your page
12. Add/ Edit information
13. Upload picture from your computer
14. Choose for the layout of the pictures
Jimdo Editor Icons
(Icon pics at the end of the reviewer)
1. Editing Elements:
 Hovering over the text, image, or any elements
you see on the website will highlight the
element.
 Move element up - used to move the
element up by one level
 Move element down - used to move
element one level down
 Delete element - used to remove the
element
 Duplicate element - used to duplicate the
element
 Drag tool - click and drag the element to a
valid part of the page
2. Image Elements
 Sizing tools - used to make image larger or
smaller or restore actual size of page
 Align tools - used for left, right, center
alignment page
 Rotate tools - used to rotate image clockwise or
counterclockwise page.
 View tools - used to enable enlarge image, link
photo, and remove link.
 Other tools - caption and alternative text; allow
sharing to pinterest
3. Paragraph Elements:
 Heading - to insert heading type of text
 Text - to insert a paragraph type of text
 Photo - to insert a single photo
 Text with Photo - to insert a photo surrounded
with text
 Photo Gallery - to insert multiple photos on one
area
 Horizontal Line - to insert a horizontal line that
acts as a divider
 Spacing - to add a space with a specified size
 Columns - to insert columns that divide an area
vertically
 Video - to insert a video from video hosting site
like YouTube
 Form/Form Button - creates a Send an Email
form for feedback (Radio button and Checkbox
(?))
 Store Item - adds a space for selling an item
(online shopping)
 Share Buttons - adds buttons for the site visitor
to share your website
 Additional Elements - include other options like
Google Maps, file download, widgets, etc

Categories of Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
 Generally speaking, cloud computing can be
thought of as anything that involves delivering
hosted services over the Internet.
 Web application – dynamic or static, online
 Mobile application – installed on mobile
phone
 System application – apps installed in
computer

Service Models:
 Software/Application
 Platform
 Infrastructure

Software/
Application

Platform

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
Infrastructure
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
 Also referred to as “software on demand,” this
service model involves outsourcing the
infrastructure, platform, and
software/applications.
 Typically, these services are available to the
customer for a fee, pay-as-you-go, or a no
charge model.
 The customer accesses the applications over
the internet.
 end user
 A service model that involves outsourcing the
basic infrastructure used to support operations-
-including storage, hardware, servers, and
networking components.
 The service provider owns the infrastructure
equipment and is responsible for housing,
running, and maintaining it. The customer
typically pays on a per-use basis.
 The customer uses their own platform
(Windows, Unix), and applications
 Professional User
 foundation, input and output, hardware or
software, networking
 maintained by system administrator
 combination of SAAS and PAAS

Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
 A service model that involves outsourcing the
basic infrastructure and platform (Windows,
Unix)
 PaaS facilitates deploying applications without
the cost and complexity of buying and
managing the underlying hardware and
software where the applications are hosted.
 The customer uses their own applications
 Professional User