CBSE

Test Paper - 01
Chapter - 01 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

1. What territories did the Habsburg Empire rule over? (1)

a. Hungary
b. Austria
c. Both Austria and Hungary
d. Romania

2. What was the objective of drawing up Treaty of Vienna? (1)

a. For bringing out peace among the countries

b. For Sustainable development
c. To form Constituent assembly
d. Undoing the effects of Napoleonic wars.

3. Which of the quote is said by Metternich? (1)

a. Little by little, the old world crumbled, and not once did the king imagine that
some of the pieces might fall on him.
b. ‘When France sneezes,’ Metternich once remarked, ‘the rest of Europe catches
cold.’
c. Liberty, equality, fraternity, or death; - the last, much the easiest to bestow, O
Guillotine!
d. Giuseppe Mazzini is ‘the most dangerous enemy of our social order’

4. _______ between England and Scotland resulted in the formation of the ‘United
Kingdom of Great Britain’ (1)

a. The Napoleonic Code

b. The Treaty of Vienna
c. The Act of Union
d. The civil code

5. Artists of the time of the French Revolution personified ___ as a female figure. (1)

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 a. Confinement
b. Liberty
c. Law
d. Enlightment

6. Who was called ‘the most dangerous enemy of our social order’ ?(1)

7. Who was Count Cavour? (1)

8. Which type of government was functioning in France before the revolution of

1789? (1)

9. What were some of the strong demands of the emerging middle classes in Europe
during the nineteenth century? (1)

10. Explain the three features of the class of landed aristocracy of Europe. (1)

11. What were the impacts of Treaty of Vienna on European people? (1)

12. Explain any four reasons how the initial enthusiasm of the people of France soon
turned to hostility after Napoleon's takeover of France. (3)

13. Describe the steps taken by French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective
identity among the French people? (3)

14. Which conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange and growth by the
new commercial classes during the nineteenth century Europe? (5)

15. Explain the objectives of the 'Treaty of Vienna' of 1815. (5)

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 CBSE Test Paper - 01
Chapter - 01 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

Answers

1. c. Both Austria and Hungary

Explanation: Today's Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into
kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.
The Habsburg Empire that ruled over Austria-Hungary, for example, was a
patchwork of many different regions and peoples.

2. d. Undoing the effects of Napoleonic wars.

Explanation: The delegates drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the
object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during
the Napoleonic wars.

3. d. Giuseppe Mazzini is ‘the most dangerous enemy of our social order’

Explanation: Metternich described Giuseppe Mazzini as ‘the most dangerous
enemy of our social order’.

4. c. The Act of Union

Explanation: The Act of Union (1707) between England and Scotland resulted
in the formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’ meant, in effect, that
England was able to impose its influence on Scotland.

5. b. Liberty
Explanation: Artists of the time of the French Revolution personified Liberty
as a female figure.
6. Giuseppe Mazzini was called 'the most dangerous enemy of our social order’ by
Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich
7. Count Cavour was the chief minister of Italy. He led the movement to unify the
regions of Italy.
8. The Monarchical type of government was functioning in France before the revolution
of 1789.
9. Two of the strong demands of the emerging middle classes in Europe were:
i. The freedom and perfect competitiveness in markets.

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 ii. The abolition of the state-imposed restructures on the movement of capital and
goods.
10. During the mid-eighteenth century, a landed aristocracy was dominant class in
Europe both politically and socially.
i. The members of this landed aristocracy were united by a common way of life that
cut across regional division.
ii. They owned huge properties both in rural and urban areas.
iii. Their families were tied together by matrimonial relations and they wielded much
power in their respective countries.
11. Representatives of the European power, Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria signed
treaty of Vienna in 1815. Following were its impact on the European people:
i. Deposed Bourbon dynasty was restored to power. Future expansion of French was
prevented.
ii. Prussia was given new important territories on its Western frontier, while Austria
was given control of the Northern Italy.
iii. In the east, Russia was given part of Poland while Prussia was given a portion of
Saxony.
iv. The treaty slowed down the growth of nationalism. There was an effort to restore
Monarchies that had been overthrown by Napoleon and to create a new
conservative order in Europe.
12. At the very beginning, the French Armies were welcomed as harbingers of liberty and
fraternity. But the initial enthusiasm soon gave way to hostility. This is because
people soon understood that the new administrative arrangements did not go hand in
hand with political freedom.
The four factors which outweighed the advantages of the administrative changes are:
i. Taxation on people at an increased rate.
ii. Strict censoring of printing media and books.
iii. Conscription on a forced basis into the French Armies to satisfy its imperialist
ambition.
iv. Restriction on individual Freedom.
13. The steps are taken to create a sense of collective identity amongst French people by
the French revolutionaries included:
i. The ideas of fatherland (la patrie) and citizen (le citoyen) were spread to bring the

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 notion of a united community having equal rights and protected by a constitution.
ii. A new flag was chosen of tricolour to represent the nation and the royal standard
was removed.
iii. New hymns, oaths and martyrs commemorated in the name of the nation.
iv. The Estates General became the National Assembly and its members were elected
by a body of active citizens.
v. Uniform system of weights, measures were adopted and the abolition of internal
customs.
vi. Promoting French as a common language of the nation.
14. Following were the obstacles viewed by the new commercial classes, to the economic
exchange and growth during the nineteenth century Europe:
i. There was enormous increase in population all over the Europe.
ii. Population from rural areas migrated to the cities to live in overcrowded slums
and could not afford to fulfill the basic needs.
iii. Increase in unemployment. In most countries, there were more job-seekers than
employment.
iv. Cheap machine-made goods from England were giving stiff competition to small
producers of European towns.
v. The price of food inflated many folds due to bad harvest. It led to a widespread
pauperism in European towns.
15. The Treaty of Vienna of 1815 was brought up with the objective of undoing most of
the changes that had come about in Europe during the rule of Napoleonic wars.
Objectives of the Treaty of Vienna:
i. Undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during Napoleonic
wars.
ii. The Bourbon dynasty that was destroyed during the French Revolution was
restored. French lost the territories it has annexed under Napoleon.
iii. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French
expansion in future.
iv. Belgium was set up in the north and Genoa was added to Piedmont in the south.
v. Prussia was given important new territories on its western frontiers, while Austria
was given control of northern Italy.
vi. Monarchy was restored and a new conservative order was created in Europe.

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