STATE POLYTECHNIC OF BALI

BAHASA INGGRIS II
HANDOUT
2019
 COURSE OUTLINE
BAHASA INGGRIS II

MEETING MATERIAL
1. Introduction to Course Outline
2. GREEN ENERGY PART 1
Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
3. GREEN ENERGY PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
4. CLEAN ENERGY PART 1
Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
5. CLEAN ENERGY PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
6. ELECTRIC CAR PART 1
Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
7 ELECTRIC CAR PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
8. MIDTERM TEST

9. BREATH-POWERED CHARGER PART 1

Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
10. BREATH-POWERED CHARGER PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
11. ZERO CARBON PART 1
Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
12. ZERO CARBON PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
13. LIGHT POLLUTION PART 1
Listening, Vocabulary, Reading,
14 LIGHT POLLUTION PART 2
Speaking/Presentation
15. REVIEW MATERIALS
16 FINAL TEST

2
 UNIT 1
2017 WAS UK'S GREENEST ENERGY YEAR EVER

WARM-UPS

1. GREEN ENERGY: Students walk around the class and talk to other students about
green energy. Change partners often and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What will
the article say about them? What can you say about these words and your life?

increase / renewable / energy / fossil fuels / solar energy / coal / electricity /

power / reduce / greenhouse gas / conservation / target / havoc / nature / wildlife
/ challenge

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. FOSSIL FUELS: Students A strongly believe we should stop using fossil fuels within
five years; Students B strongly believe we should not do this. Change partners again
and talk about your conversations.

4. GREEN: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with
the word "green". Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them.
Together, put the words into different categories.

5. CONSERVATION: Rank these with your partner. Put the best at the top. Change
partners often and share your rankings.

✓ take shorter showers

✓ wash clothes less often
✓ be a vegetarian
✓ cycle more
✓ use stairs, not elevators
✓ buy solar panels
✓ recycle paper
✓ buy from charity shops

3
LISTENING
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear.

The United Kingdom is doing a lot to (1) ____________ its use of renewable energy. It is moving
away from (2) ____________ fuels and making more use of green energies, such as wind power,
nuclear power and (3) ____________ energy. New figures from the UK's electricity provider show
that the UK had its (4) ____________ year ever in 2017 for electricity production. It even had its
first coal-(5) ____________ day for over 150 years. The UK (6) ____________ 13 clean energy records
in 2017. In June, wind, nuclear and solar power produced more electricity than gas and coal
(7) ____________. It was the first time this has ever happened. The UK's power system is now the
fourth cleanest in Europe and the (8) ____________ cleanest in the world.

The United Kingdom has been trying to reduce the (9) ____________ of coal
it uses. Coal now supplies (10) ____________ than 7 per cent of the UK's electricity. A
spokesman said it must now try to use less gas to make sure it meets its target for greenhouse
gas (11) ____________. The UK currently uses too much gas. The conservation 12)
____________ World Wildlife Fund said it was (13) ____________ that the UK is moving
towards greener energy. It said: "We have never been cleaner or greener, and we are on (14)
____________ for an even better year in 2018." It added: "Climate change is wreaking
havoc on our (15)___________ and wildlife, but we are at last facing up to the
challenge. We are turning our backs on polluting fossil fuels and embracing a new, clean (16)
____________."

4
VOCABULARY MATCHING

Paragraph 1

1. renewable a. A black or dark brown rock found

underground deposits and burnt for heating
or power.
2. fossil fuels b. Something that creates and gives something
to people.
3. provider c. A natural source of power that comes from
under the ground or under the sea, such as
coal and gas.
4. solar d. A set of connected things or parts forming a
bigger whole.

5. coal e. A type of energy that is not gone forever

when it is used.

6. combined f. About the sun.

7. system g. United or joined.

Paragraph 2

8. reduce h. Gives or provides someone with something

needed or wanted.

9. supplies i. Now; at the present time.

10. target j. Making the air, rivers, seas or other things

dirtier because of dangerous things going
into them.
11. emissions k. A goal, objective or result which people try
to reach or get to.

12. currently l. Lots and lots of damage and destruction.

13. havoc m. The production and sending out of

something, especially gas or radiation.
14. polluting n. Make smaller or less in amount, degree, or
size.

5
AFTER READING / LISTENING

1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).

a) The article said the UK is having problems moving away from fossil fuels. T / F
b) The UK is making less use of wind power. T / F
c) In 2017, the UK had its first coal-free day for over 150 years. T / F
d) The UK has the fourth cleanest energy system in the world. T / F
e) Less than 7% of the UK's electricity comes from coal. T / F
f) The article says the UK doesn't use enough gas. T / F
g) A wildlife charity wasn't happy about the UK's efforts to be greener. T / F
h) The charity said the UK was turning its back on greener energy. T / F

2. SYNONYM MATCH:

Match the following synonyms. The words in bold are from the news article.

1. increase a. numbers
2. green energies b. joined
3. figures c. destruction
4. combined d. cut
5. happened e. renewables
6. reduce f. welcoming
7. supplies g. occurred
8. pleased h. raise
9. havoc i. happy
10. embracing j. provides

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

1. increase its use of a. cleanest in the world

2. It is moving away b. coal combined
3. solar c. havoc on our nature
4. more electricity than gas and d. from fossil fuels
5. the seventh e. its target
6. trying to reduce the amount f. renewable energy
7. make sure it meets g. to the challenge
8. greenhouse gas h. of coal it uses
9. Climate change is wreaking i. emissions
10. facing up j. energy

6
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What is the UK doing a lot to increase its use of?

2. In how long did the UK have its first coal-free day?

3. How many clean energy records did the UK break in 2017?

4. What did green energies produce more electricity than in June 2017?

5. What position is the UK in the world's cleanest power systems?

6. How much of the UK electricity supply comes from coal?

7. What target does the UK want to meet?

8. What charity was pleased with the UK's move towards green energy?

9. What year did the charity say would be better?

10. What did the charity say the UK is turning its back on?

7
ROLE PLAY

Role A – Buying From Charity Shops

You think buying from charity shops is the best way to conserve energy. Tell the others
three reasons why. Tell them what is wrong with their ways. Also, tell the others which
is the least useful of these (and why): taking shorter showers, becoming a vegetarian or
cycling more often.

Role B – Taking Shorter Showers

You think taking shorter showers is the best way to conserve energy. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them what is wrong with their ways. Also, tell the others which is the
least useful of these (and why): buying from charity shops, becoming a vegetarian or
cycling more often.

Role C – Becoming A Vegetarian

You think becoming a vegetarian is the best way to conserve energy. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them what is wrong with their ways. Also, tell the others which is the
least useful of these (and why): taking shorter showers, buying from charity shops or
cycling more often.

Role D – Cycling More Often

You think cycling more often is the best way to conserve energy. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them what is wrong with their ways. Also, tell the others which is the
least useful of these (and why): taking shorter showers, becoming a vegetarian or buying
from charity shops.

8
GREEN ENERGY DISCUSSION

PART A

1) What did you think when you read the headline?

2) What images are in your mind when you hear the word 'green'?
3) What renewables does your country use?
4) Why do we need to use more renewable energy?
5) How green is your lifestyle?
6) What do you know about solar power?
7) What do you think about nuclear power?
8) How important is electricity?
9) How much do you worry about pollution?
10) What things are adding to climate change?

GREEN ENERGY DISCUSSION

PART B

1) Did you like reading this article? Why/not?

2) What do you think of when you hear the word 'energy'?
3) What do you think about what you read?
4) What is wrong with fossil fuels?
5) What do you know about wind power?
6) What do you know about the World Wildlife Fund?
7) What do you do to conserve energy and water?
8) What is climate change doing to our nature and wildlife?
9) When will we be using only renewable energy?
10) What questions would you like to ask the WWF?

9
 UNIT 2
OBAMA ANNOUNCES NEW CLEAN POWER PLAN

WARM-UPS

1. CLEAN ENERGY: Students walk around the class and talk to other students about clean
energy. Change partners often and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What will the
article say about them? What can you say about these words and your life?

new plan / combat / climate change / economy / health / carbon emissions / reverse /
premature deaths / heart attacks / sickness / president / energy prices / opponent

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. CARBON EMISSIONS: What can we do to reduce them? Complete this table with your
partner(s). Change partners often and share what you wrote.

Problems now How to reduce them

In the kitchen

Computers

Cars

Shopping

At work / school

Your idea ________

10
4. CLEAN POWER TAX: Students A strongly believe there should be a tax on fossil fuels
to help research and develop clean power; Students B strongly believes this would be
wrong. Change partners again and talk about your conversations.

5. RENEWABLES: Rank these with your partner. Put the best renewable energies at the
top. Change partners often and share your rankings.

• wind power • hydroelectricity

• wave power • bio fuels

• solar power • heat pump

• geothermal power • hydrogen fuel cells

3. CLIMATE: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with
the word "climate". Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them.
Together, put the words into different categories.

11
LISTENING
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear.

The U.S. president Barack Obama has (1) ____________ a new plan to (2) ____________ climate
change. It is called the Clean Power Plan. President Obama said it was an important
(3)____________ to protect America's economy and health. He wants to reduce the amount of
electricity (4) ____________ by power plants that use coal and move towards a
greater (5) ____________ of renewable energies. He said the goal is for power plants to
cut their carbon emissions by 32 per cent below 2005 (6) ____________ by the year 2030.
Obama told journalists at the White House that: "This is our (7) ____________ to get this right
and leave something better for our kids." He warned that: "If we don't get climate change
right, we may not be able to (8) ___________ it."

President Obama said the Clean Power Plan would be good for the (9) ____________ of
Americans. It will stop 3,600 premature (10) ____________ each year. It will also mean 1,700
fewer heart (11) ____________ and a reduction of 300,000 missed work and school days
because of (12) ____________. Obama said America could save up to $34 billion a
year on its health (13) ____________. However, not everyone in the USA
thinks the plan is a good idea. Possible (14) ____________ president Jeb Bush said it would,
"throw countless people out of work, and increase everyone's energy prices". Another (15)
____________, Governor Scott Walker, agreed. He said the plan should be called the "Costly
Power Plan". He said: "It will cost hard-working Americans jobs and raise their energy (16)
____________."

12
AFTER READING / LISTENING

1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).

a. Obama said the Clean Power Plan would protect America's health. T/F
b. Obama wants to close all power plants that use coal. T/F
c. Obama wants carbon emissions to return to 2005 levels. T/F
d. Obama said it would be quite easy to reverse climate change. T/F
e. The plan could prevent 3,600 people a year from dying too soon. T/F
f. The plan could save America $34 billion over ten years. T/F
g. A presidential hopeful called Jeb Bush does not like the plan. T/F
h. A U.S. governor said people would lose jobs because of the plan. T/F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

1. combat a. cut
2 protect b. fight
3. reduce c. a great number of
4. goal d. time
5. moment e. prevent
6. stop f. rival
7. premature g. keep safe
8. countless h. increase
9. opponent i. aim
10. raise j. untimely

3. PHRASE MATCH:

1. announced a new plan to a. of electricity

2 protect America's b. people out of work
3. reduce the amount c. to get this right
4. cut their carbon d. economy
5. This is our moment e. of Americans
6. good for the health f. $34 billion a year
7. fewer heart g. combat climate change
8. save up to h. rates
9. throw countless i. emissions by 32%
10. raise their energy j. attacks

13
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What does President Obama hope his plan will combat?

2. What will the plan protect besides America's economy?

3. What did President Obama say he wanted to use more of?

4. Who did President Obama speak to at the White House?

5. What does President Obama want to leave for America's kids?

6. How many people will the plan stop from dying early each year?

7. How much could America save on health each year?

8. How many people does Jeb Bush think will lose their jobs?

9. What did Scott Walker say the plan should be called?

10. What did Scott Walker say the plan would raise?

14
ROLE PLAY

Role A – Solar

You think solar is the best form of power. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them
things that are wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the worst of these
(and why): wind, wave or oil.

Role B – Wind

You think wind is the best form of power. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them
things that are wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the worst of these
(and why): solar, wave or oil.

Role C – Wave

You think wave is the best form of power. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them
things that are wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the worst of these
(and why): wind, solar or oil.

Role D – Oil

You think oil is the best form of power. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them
things that are wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the worst of these
(and why): wind, wave or solar.

15
CLEAN ENERGY DISCUSSION
PART A

1. What did you think when you read the headline?

2. What springs to mind when you hear the word 'energy'?
3. What do you know about President Obama's new plan?
4. What is your country doing about climate change?
5. What is climate change?
6. Do you think global warming is because of human activity?
7. How important are renewable energies?
8. What damage is global warming doing?
9. What do you do to save energy?
10. What more could you do from now to save energy?

CLEAN ENERGY DISCUSSION

PART B

1. Did you like reading this article? Why/not?

2. Should all countries have a Clean Power Plan?
3. What are renewable energies?
4. What do you do that uses a lot of energy?
5. Why do some people think Obama's plan is not so good?
6. Is it OK to pay more for energy if fewer people get sick?
7. What renewable energy is best, and why?
8. What do you think of Barack Obama?
9. What will Earth's climate be like in 50 or 100 years from now?
10. What questions would you like to ask Barack Obama?

16
OTHER ACTIVITIES
1. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about Barack Obama's Clean Power
Plan. Share what you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.

2. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT? Write a newspaper article about the next stage in this news
story. Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Give each other feedback
on your articles.

3. LETTER: Write a letter to an expert on clean energy. Ask him/her three questions about
it. Give him/her three of your ideas on how to get people to save energy. Read your letter to
your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your questions.

17
 UNIT 3

ELECTRIC CAR DOES 0 TO 100KPH IN 2.8 SECONDS

WARM-UPS
1. ELECTRIC CARS: Students walk around the class and talk to other students about
electric cars. Change partners often and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What will
the article say about them? What can you say about these words and your life?

upgraded / capable / original / horsepower / function / insane / accelerate / driver /

improvement / advanced / battery / power / gasoline / instantaneous / ludicrous

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. CARS: How can they be improved? Complete this table with your partner(s). Change
partners often and share what you wrote.

Improvements Why these will (not) happen

Speed

Safety

Comfort

Functions

Interior

Environment

18
4. SPEED: Students A strongly believe there is no need for fast cars; Students B
strongly believe there is. Change partners again and talk about your conversations.

5. MY CAR: Rank these with your partner. Put the most important things your car must
have at the top. Change partners often and share your rankings.

• speed • airbags

• fuel efficiency • GPS navigation

• central locking • sports wheels

• space • bluetooth connectivity

19
LISTENING
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear

A new, upgraded (1) ____________ of an electric car from Tesla Motors is capable of going from
0 to 100kph in just 2.8 seconds. The (2) ____________ 691 horsepower Tesla Model S P85D was
already incredibly fast. It even had a (3) ____________ called Insane Mode, which meant the car
could (4) ____________ from 0-100kph in 3.2 seconds. The upgrade is called Ludicrous Mode
and will take the horsepower up to 762, thus (5) ____________ the extra power to get to 100kph
in less than three seconds. This is (6) ____________ to the acceleration of a Porsche 911 Turbo
S supercar. That kind of horsepower means the car can accelerate at a (7) ____________ of 1.1G.
This means the acceleration will make the driver (8) ____________ that he or she is going faster
than the speed of falling out of an airplane.

Tesla CEO Elon Musk explained that the new improvement in acceleration came from (9)
____________ into an advanced battery. Engineers were (10) ____________ on a new power train
for its cars. A power train is the system that (11) ____________the power from the engine to the
wheels. The engineers managed to increase the battery power by ten per cent, resulting in
the (12) ____________ acceleration. Tesla said: "Unlike a gasoline internal combustion engine
with hundreds of moving (13)____________, Tesla electric motors have only one moving piece:
the rotor. As a (14) ____________, Model S acceleration is instantaneous, silent and (15)
____________." The Tesla S P85D car is priced at $87,500 as a (16) ____________ model; the
"ludicrous" upgrade will be an extra $13,000.

20
AFTER READING / LISTENING
1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).
a. The Tesla car is a brand new prototype of an electric car. T/F
b. The latest upgrade to the Tesla is called "Insane Mode". T/F
c. The acceleration of the Tesla is almost that of a Porsche 911 supercar. T/F
d. The Tesla's acceleration is faster than that of falling from an airplane. T/F
e. The increased speed is as a result of research into a new battery. T/F
f. A power train delivers power from the wheels to the engine. T/F
g. A gasoline internal combustion engine has hundreds of moving parts. T/F
h. The car with the upgrade costs less than $100,000. T/F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

1. upgraded a. additional
2 incredibly b. supplying
3. providing c. immediate
4. extra d. amazingly
5. feel e. because of this
6. improvement f. ridiculous
7. resulting in g. improved
8. as a result h. leading to
9. instantaneous i. advance
10. ludicrous j. sense

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

1. A new, upgraded version a. get to 100kph
2 incredibly b. to the wheels
falling out of an
3. providing the extra power to c. airplane
4. the car can accelerate d. combustion engine
5. faster than the speed of e. fast
6. the new improvement in f. battery
7. research into an advanced g. acceleration
8. delivers the power from the engine h. of an electric car
9. a gasoline internal i. silent and smooth
10. acceleration is instantaneous, j. at a force of 1.1G

21
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

(1) What is the name of the company that made the car?

(2) What was the horsepower of the original model?

(3) What is the name of the new upgrade?

(4) What kind of force does the car accelerate at?

(5) What did the article say the speed was faster than?

(6) What were the engineers working on to get the improved acceleration?

(7) How many moving parts are there in an internal combustion engine?

(8) What is the moving part in a Tesla electric car engine?

(9) What did the article say the car was besides instantaneous and smooth?

(10) How much does the upgrade cost?

22
SPEAKING
ROLE PLAY

Role A – Speed

You think speed is the most important thing for a car to have. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't so necessary. Also, tell the others
which is the least important of these (and why): fuel efficiency, airbags or space.

Role B – Fuel efficiency

You think fuel efficiency is the most important thing for a car to have. Tell the others
three reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't so necessary. Also, tell the others
which is the least important of these (and why): speed, airbags or space.

Role C – Airbags

You think airbags are the most important things for a car to have. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't so necessary. Also, tell the others
which is the least important of these (and why): fuel efficiency, speed or space.

Role D – Space

You think space is the most important thing for a car to have. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't so necessary. Also, tell the others
which is the least important of these (and why): fuel efficiency, airbags or speed.

23
ELECTRIC CARS DISCUSSION

PART A

a) What did you think when you read the headline?

b) What springs to mind when you hear the word 'car'?
c) What did you think about what you read?
d) How much would you like a Tesla Model S P85D?
e) What are the benefits of electric cars?
f) What are the downsides to electric cars?
g) What do you think of the names 'Insane' and 'Ludicrous' mode?
h) Do cars need to accelerate so fast?
i) Why are people into fast cars?
j) Will there ever be too fast for a car?

ELECTRIC CARS DISCUSSION

PART B

1. Did you like reading this article? Why/not?

2. How much do you like speed?
3. What is your favourite car, and why?
4. What will cars of the future be like?
5. Would you prefer a Tesla Model S P85D or a Porsche 911 Turbo S?
6. Are electric cars or conventional cars best?
7. What do you know about the name Tesla?
8. Is the Tesla Model S P85D good value for money?
9. How will electric cars affect traffic accidents and road safety?
10. What questions would you like to ask Tesla CEO Elon Musk?

24
OTHER ACTIVITIES

1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a
dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more
associations / collocations of each word.

2. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about electric cars. Share what
you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.

3. ELECTRIC CARS: Make a poster about electric cars. Show your work to your
classmates in the next lesson. Did you all have similar things?

4. TESLA: Write a magazine article about the new Tesla car that can go from 0 to 100kph
in 2.8 seconds. Include imaginary interviews with people who are for and against it.

Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new

words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).

5. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT? Write a newspaper article about the next stage in this
news story. Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Give each other
feedback on your articles.

6. LETTER: Write a letter to an expert on electric cars. Ask him/her three questions
about them. Give him/her three ideas on how to make them better for the environment.
Read your letter to your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your
questions.

25
 UNIT 4
BREATH-POWERED PHONE CHARGER INVENTED

WARM-UPS
1. RENEWABLE ENERGY: Walk around the class and talk to other students about
renewable energy. Change partners often. Sit with your first partner(s) and share your
findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, decide which of these topics or words from the article are
most interesting and which are most boring.

Brazilian / inventor / breath / design award / mobile phones / exercising / protect /

concept / production / outdoors / saving energy / great solution / on sale / shelves

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.
3. BODY POWER: Invent some crazy gadgets? Complete this table with your partner(s).
Change partners and share what you wrote. Change and share again.

Power from.. Name Function How it works

Your heartbeat
Blinking
Body temperature
Chewing
Thinking
Talking

4. CLEAN: Students A strongly believe all energy will be clean in the future; Students B
strongly believe otherwise. Change partners again and talk about your
conversations.

5. ENERGY: Which of these do you think will we use most in 2112? Rank them and
share your rankings with your partner. Change partners and share your rankings
again.
oil tidal
wind thermal
solar nuclear
coal something totally new

26
LISTENING
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear

A Brazilian inventor has (1) ____________ up with a new gadget that converts your breath
into electricity. This means breathing has become a source of renewable energy – at
(2) ____________ while you are alive. Joco Paulo Lammoglia, from Rio De Janeiro, won
the Red Dot design award for his AIRE (3) ____________. His invention uses the wind (4)
____________ created by breathing and changes it into energy that can power mobile
phones and iPods. (5) ____________ turbines in the AIRE charger create the electrical
power from your breath. The device is (6) ____________ like a mask and can be used
while exercising or (7) ____________ when sleeping. Mr Lammoglia hopes his new (8)
____________ will help protect the environment.

Lammoglia explained how useful he (9) ____________ the AIRE will become. He said: “I
hope to bring the (10) ____________ into production and reduce the carbon footprint. It
can be used indoors or outdoors, while you’re sleeping, walking, running or even
reading a book.” He also said his invention encouraged people to exercise as well as
(11) ____________ energy and the environment. He explained why he thought the AIRE
was so useful, saying: “Though many of our modern (12) ____________ offer benefits, they
tend to use a high (13) ____________ of electrical energy. Harnessing energy from human
activities and transforming it into electricity is possible and is a great (14) ____________.”
The product is not yet in on (15) ____________ but is sure to be a big seller when it does
hit the (16) ____________.

27
AFTER READING / LISTENING
1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).

a. An inventor has harnessed the power of our breath. T/F

b. The inventor’s gadget was runner-up in a design competition. T/F
c. The inventor’s device has no moving parts – it’s all chemical. T/F
d. The inventor says his device will help protect the environment. T/F
e. The inventor said the device can only work inside. T/F
f. The inventor warns we should turn the gadget off when we sleep. T/F
g. The gadget is not yet for sale in stores. T/F

h. The writer of the article believes the device will sell well once available. T/F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

1. come up with a. miniature

2 gadget b. prompted
3. flow c. idea
4. tiny d. movement
5. creation e. produced
6. concept f. make use of
7. encouraged g. answer
8. harness h. gizmo
9. solution i. go on sale
10. hit the shelves j. invention

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

1. a new gadget that converts your breath a. by breathing

2 breathing has become a source b. of electrical energy
3. the wind flow created c. the environment
4. The device is worn d. footprint
5. help protect e. of renewable energy
6. reduce the carbon f. indoors or outdoors
7. It can be used g. into electricity
8. his invention encouraged people h. shelves
9. they tend to use a high amount i. like a mask
10. hit the j. to exercise as well

28
RENEWABLE ENERGY DISCUSSION
PART A

1) What did you think when you read the headline?

2) What springs to mind when you hear the term ‘renewable energy’?
3) What do you think of the AIRE?
4) Will you buy one when it hits the shelves?
5) Do you think it will be too uncomfortable to wear?
6) What do you think of breath power as a source of renewable energy?
7) How big of an impact could this have on the environment?
8) Would you sleep with the AIRE to recharge your mobile phone?
9) Do you think this is the first of many gadgets that harness our body’s movements?
10) Do you think this source of energy is applicable in Indonesia?

PART B

1) Did you like reading this article?

2) What do you do every day to reduce your carbon footprint?
3) Would the AIRE encourage you to exercise more (by helping cut down on power
bills)?

4) How much energy (electrical, gas…) do you think you use every day?
5) Is the AIRE a great solution?
6) Which sources of renewable energy do you think is most effective?
7) What will we do when the oil runs out?
8) Could the breath power of a everyone in an apartment building or soccer
stadium help reduce power needs?
9) What questions would you like to ask the inventor?
10) What is the benefit of this source of energy?

29
OTHER ACTIVITIES
1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a dictionary or
Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more associations / collocations of
each word.

2. AIRE: Write a magazine article about the AIRE gadget. Include imaginary interviews with people
who think it’s a great idea and those who don’t.

Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new words and
expressions you hear from your partner(s).

3. LETTER: Write a letter to the inventor. Ask her three questions about renewable energy. Give
him/her three of your opinions on the AIRE. Read your letter to your partner(s) in your next
lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your questions.

30
 UNIT 5
ZERO-CARBON POWER BIGGER THAN FOSSIL
FUELS IN UK

WARM UPS
1. ZERO-CARBON FUELS: Students walk around the class and talk to other students
about zero-carbon fuels. Change partners often and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What will
the article say about them? What can you say about these words and your life?

planet / the first time / Industrial Revolution / zero carbon / fossil fuels / coal /
zero / switch / chief executive / journey / commitment / economy / tribute /
climate change

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. NET ZERO:Students A strongly believe the whole world will be net zero one day;
Students B strongly believe it won't. Change partners again and talk about your
conversations.

4. RENEWABLES: What do you know about these renewables? What are the good and
bad things about them? Complete this table with your partner(s). Change partners often
and share what you wrote.

What You Know Good Things Bad Things

Solar
Wind
Nuclear
Hydro
Biomass

31
Tidal

5. GREEN: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with
the word "green". Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them. Together,
put the words into different categories.

6. CLIMATE CHANGE: Rank these with your partner. Put the best things to help to
address climate change at the top. Change partners often and share your rankings.

• eat less meat • walk everywhere

• recycle • use less air-con
• no bottled water • use public transport
• use solar panels • plant trees

32
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear

The United Kingdom has said it is playing its part in (1) ____________ for a cleaner
and greener planet. For the first time since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th
(2)____________, the UK is being powered more by zero-carbon fuels than fossil fuels. In (3)
____________ of the first five months of 2019, fossil fuels have produced less than half of the
UK's electricity. Analysts say a “(4) ____________ point” has been reached and the (5)
____________ of zero-carbon energy sources (6) ____________ more power than fossil fuels will
continue. Power from wind, solar, nuclear and hydro sources (7) ____________ coal
and gas-fired (8) ____________. A decade ago, three quarters (75.6 per cent) of the UK's
electricity came from coal and gas, and only 22.3 per cent was zero carbon.

The switch to more zero-carbon power was described by the UK's energy chief executive
as a "key (9) ____________ on the journey towards net zero". CEO John Pettigrew said the
zero-carbon (10) ____________ should increase to 90 per cent by the 2030s. The UK's Prime
Minister Theresa May has made a (11) ____________ to reach net zero carbon (12)
____________ by 2050. This would make the UK the first (13) ____________economy to do
so. Energy analyst Tom Burke told the BBC: "Today's landmark is a real (14) ____________ to
technologists. We have cracked technical problems of (15) with climate change." He
added: "As we move towards net zero, jobs will be lost in fossil fuel industries and (16)
____________ in low- carbon industries."

33
VOCABULARY MATCHING
Paragraph 1

1. striving a. A period of one hundred years.

2. century b. The time or place at which a series of small

changes or incidents becomes significant
enough to cause a larger, more important
change.

3. analysts c. A single stage in the development of a type of

product.
4. tipping point d. A person who examines events, facts and
figures, typically as a basis for discussion or
interpretation.

5. trend e. Relating to water.

6. hydro f. Making great efforts to achieve or obtain

something.
7. generation g. A general direction in which something is
developing or changing.

Paragraph 2

8. switch h. An action or event marking a significant change

or stage in development.
9. milestone i. A long and often difficult process of personal
change and development.
10. journey j. An amount, value, or price remaining after a
deduction, such as tax or a discount, has been
made.
11. commitment k. An act, statement, or gift that is intended to
show gratitude, respect, or admiration.

12. tribute l. A promise to do something.

13. cracked m. An act of choosing one thing or way of life,
or choosing one type of item, in place of
another.

14. net n. Found a solution to a problem.

34
READING COMPREHENSION

1. What did the article say the UK is striving for?

2. When did the UK last use more carbon zero fuels than fossil fuels?
3. What kind of point did analysts say the UK has reached?
4. What did analysts say would happen to the zero-carbon trend in the UK?
5. How much of the UK's electricity came from coal and gas a decade ago?
6. What did a chief executive call the switch to more zero-carbon power?
7. When will the UK's zero-carbon share increase to 90% in the UK?
8. When did the UK's leader say the UK would be carbon net zero?
9. What problems did an analyst say technologists had cracked?
10. Where will jobs be created in the UK?

35
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

PART A
1. What did you think when you read the headline?
2. What images are in your mind when you hear the word 'fossil fuel'?
3. What do you think of fossil fuels?
4. How important are fossil fuels?
5. How did the Industrial Revolution change the world?
6. What is your country doing to move towards a greener planet?

7. When will your country use mainly zero-carbon energies?

8. How green is your lifestyle?
9. What is the best form of renewable energy?
10. Does the world have time to move to zero-carbon energies?

PART B

11. Did you like reading this article? Why/not?

12. What do you think of when you hear the word 'zero'?
13. What do you think about what you read?
14. What key milestones has your country reached regarding energy?
15. How should we change our lives to be greener?
16. What damage do fossil fuels do?
17. What technical problems are there in dealing with climate change?
18. Can coal miners and oil workers find jobs in low-carbon industries?
19. What will the environment be like in the year 2119?
20. What questions would you like to ask the energy chief?

36
OTHER ACTIVITIES

1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a
dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more
associations / collocations of each word.

2. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about this news story. Share what
you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.

3. ZERO-CARBON FUELS: Make a poster about zero-carbon fuels. Show your work to
your classmates in the next lesson. Did you all have similar things?

4. NET ZERO FINES: Write a magazine article about fining countries for not being
carbon net zero by 2050. Include imaginary interviews with people who are for and
against this.

Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new
words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).

5. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT? Write a newspaper article about the next stage in this
news story. Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Give each
other feedback on your articles.

6. LETTER: Write a letter to an expert on zero-carbon fuels. Ask him/her three

questions about them. Give him/her three of your ideas on how countries can be net
zero. Read your letter to your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will
answer your questions.

37
 UNIT 6
LIGHT POLLUTION IS TAKING AWAY NIGHT'S
DARKNESS
WARM UPS

1. LIGHT POLLUTION: Students walk around the class and talk to other students
about light pollution. Change partners often and share your findings.

2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What
will the article say about them? What can you say about these words and your
life?

brightness / high level / darkness / once upon a time / artificial / worldwide /

safety / natural / environment / nocturnal / mammals / ecological / LED lights /
war-torn

Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.

3. DARKNESS: Students A strongly believe we need to bring the darkness back to

our cities at night; Students B strongly believe we need more light. Change
partners again and talk about your conversations.

4. POLLUTION: How bad are these kinds of pollution? How do we deal with them?
Complete this table with your partner(s). Change partners often and share what
you wrote.

How bad is this? How do we deal with it?

Light pollution
Noise pollution
Water pollution
Air pollution
Radioactive pollution
Soil pollution

5. DARKNESS: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you
associate with the word "darkness". Share your words with your partner(s) and
talk about them. Together, put the words into different categories.

38
6. THE DARK: Rank these with your partner. Put the best things about the dark at
the top. Change partners often and share your rankings.

• You can sleep

• The stars
• Quietness
• Peace
• Cooler temperatures
• Night creatures

39
GAP FILL. Fill in the gaps with the words you hear

The amount and (1) ____________ of light from towns and cities around the world is at such
a high (2) ____________ that it is reducing the darkness of night. Once upon a time, when
night- time fell, we were (3) ____________ into darkness. Things are different, and brighter
today. A study published in the (4) ____________ Science Advances reports that artificial light
at night is increasing in (5) ____________ countries worldwide. Scientists say it grew by 2.2
per cent a year between 2012 and 2016. The intrusion of (6) ____________ light into our
night-time is causing us many problems. The International Dark-Sky Association says it,
"is not only (7) ____________ our view of the universe, it is (8) ____________ affecting our
environment, our safety, our energy consumption and our health".

Study co-author Franz Holker said artificial light is a (9) ____________ to our natural
environment. He said: "Artificial light is an environmental pollutant that threatens

(10) ____________ animals and affects plants and microorganisms." He added: "[It] has (11)
and evolutionary implications for many organisms from bacteria to
(12) ____________, including us humans, and may reshape entire social ecological
systems." Many environmentalists thought the (13) ____________ of LED lights would help
the (14) ____________. However, cities are using more LED lights because they are cheaper,
which is (15) ____________ to the light pollution. Night-time light decreased in 16 countries,
including war-(16) ____________ nations such as Yemen and Syria.

40
VOCABULARY MATCH

Paragraph 1

1. amount a. Preventing success or development; harmful; unfavorable.

2. plunged b. Suddenly brought into a specified condition or state.
3. artificial c. The action of putting oneself or something deliberately
into a place or situation where one/it is unwelcome or
uninvited.
4. intrusion
d. A quantity of something, usually the total of a thing or
things in number, size, or value.

5. impairing
e. The using up of a resource.
6. adversely f. Made or produced by human beings rather than
occurring naturally, usually as a copy of something
natural.
7. consumption g. Weakening or damaging something.

Paragraph 2

8. threat h. The process by which different kinds of life has

developed and diversified from earlier forms of life
throughout history.

9. pollutant i. Done, occurring, or active at night.

10. nocturnal j. Relating to or concerned with the relation of living

organisms to one another and to their physical
surroundings.

11. evolutionary k. A person or thing likely to cause damage or danger.

12. mammals l. A substance that pollutes, poisons, dirties…

something, especially water or the atmosphere.
13. Ecological m. Of a place damaged or destroyed by conflict and
fighting.
14. war-torn n. Warm blooded animals that have a backbone, hair or
fur, milk for their young, and the birth of live young

41
AFTER READING/LISTENING

1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).

a. The article said levels of brightness were at high levels. T/F

b. The article says the study was published in a newspaper. T/F
c. Light pollution is impairing our view of the universe. T/F
d. Light pollution is adversely affecting our safety. T/F
e. The study said artificial light is a danger to night-time animals. T/F
f. The study said bacteria are not affected by light pollution. T/F
g. LED lights have helped reduce light pollution. T/F
h. Light pollution has increased in every country in the world. T/F

2. SYNONYM MATCH

Match the following synonyms. The words in bold are from the news article.

1. amount a) danger
2. reducing b) use
3. artificial c) intensifying
4. threat d) imitation
5. consumption e) conservationists
6. pollutant f) quantity
7. entire g) devastated
8. environmentalists h) contaminant
9. adding to i) lessening
10. war-torn j) whole

3. PHRASE MATCH (Sometimes more than one choice is possible)

1. amount and brightness a. into our night-time

2. we were plunged b. torn nations
3. the intrusion of artificial light c. consumption
4. impairing our view of the d. natural environment
5. energy e. bacteria to mammals
6. artificial light is a threat to our f. into darkness
7. nocturnal g. systems
8. many organisms from h. of light
9. reshape entire social ecological i. animals
10. war- j. universe

42
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. Where did the article say the artificial light was coming from?

2. What did the article say we were plunged into when night-time came?

3. How much did light pollution increase year-on-year before 2016?

4. What is light pollution impairing our view of?

5. How is light pollution affecting our safety and energy consumption?

6. Who is Franz Holker?

7. What kind of animals did the article say light pollution is affecting?

8. What did the article say was being reshaped?

9. What are cities using because they are cheaper?

10. In how many countries did the article say night-time light is decreasing?

43
ROLE PLAY

Role A – You Can Sleep

You think sleeping time is the best thing about the dark. Tell the others three reasons
why. Tell them what is wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the least
interesting of these (and why): quietness, looking at the stars or nightlife.

Role B – Quietness

You think quietness is the best thing about the dark. Tell the others three reasons why.
Tell them what is wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the least
interesting of these (and why): sleeping time, looking at the stars or nightlife.

Role C – The Stars

You think looking at the stars is the best thing about the dark. Tell the others three
reasons why. Tell them what is wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the
least interesting of these (and why): quietness, sleeping time or nightlife.

Role D – Nightlife

You think nightlife is the best thing about the dark. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell
them what is wrong with their things. Also, tell the others which is the least interesting
of these (and why): quietness, looking at the stars or sleeping time.
 LIGHT POLLUTION DISCUSSION

PART A
1. What did you think when you read the headline?
2. What images are in your mind when you hear the word 'light'?
3. What kinds of pollution are there?
4. How bothered are you by light?
5. What damage does light pollution do?
6. Do you prefer the light or the dark?
7. Why are people afraid of the dark?
8. How dark do you need it to be to sleep?
9. How sad is it we can no longer see the stars?
10. How can artificial light affect our safety?

PART B.

1. Did you like reading this article? Why/not?

2. What do you think of when you hear the word 'dark'?
3. What do you think about what you read?
4. What do you know about light pollution?
5. How does artificial light threaten our natural environment?
6. How much do you think artificial light is a pollutant?
7. How might artificial light reshape our ecology?
8. What is the answer to light pollution?
9. What can you do to reduce light pollution?
10. What questions would you like to ask the researchers?

45
OTHER ACTIVITIES

1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a
dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more
associations / collocations of each word.

2. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about this news story. Share
what you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.

3. LIGHT POLLUTION: Make a poster about light pollution. Show your work to
your classmates in the next lesson. Did you all have similar things?

4. DARK: Write a magazine article about reducing the amount of light at night in
cities. Include imaginary interviews with people who are for and against this.

Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new
words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).

5. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT? Write a newspaper article about the next stage in
this news story. Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Give
each other feedback on your articles.

6. LETTER: Write a letter to an expert on light pollution. Ask him/her three

questions about it. Give him/her three of your ideas on this. Read your letter to
your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your questions.

46