THE PERCEPTION OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF

TALOSPATANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TOWARDS MANDATORY

ROTC
A Senior High School Research
Presented to:

The SHS Faculty

Talospatang National High School
Talospatang Malasiqui, Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Researchers:
Julius Barboza
Irish Jorreca Benitez
Mark Louie Maynigo
Jessica Nevado
Jaycel Anne Villones
Gemmalyn Aquino
Joshua Calimlim
Jomil Zamora
Maribel Del Rosario
Sharon Barboza
Jenix Soriano

October 2019
 ABSTRACT

RESEARCH TITLE: THE PERCEPTION OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS OF TALOSPATANG NATIONAL HIGH

SCHOOL TOWARDS MANDATORY RESERVE

OFFICER TRAINING CORPS (ROTC)

RESEARCHERS: BARBOZA, Julius T.

AQUINO, Gemmalyn

BARBOZA, Sharon E.

BENITEZ, Irish Jorreca M.

CALIMLIM, Joshua C.

DEL ROSARIO, Maribel

MAYNIGO, Mark Louie G.

NEVADO, Jessica H.

SORIANO, Jenix

VILLONES, Jaycel Anne

ZAMORA, Jomil

SCHOOL: Talospatang National High School

Talospatang Malasiqui, Pangasinan

DATE: October 2019

This study was conducted to know what is the perception of Senior High

School Students of Talospatang National High School towards Reserve Officer

Training Corps (ROTC).

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Title Page
Acknowledgement
Dedication
Abstract
Table of Contents

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM
Introduction
Background of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitation
Definition of Terms

CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Research Locale
Respondents of the Study
Instruments Used
Data gathering Procedure
Sampling Technique

CHAPTER IV
Presentation Analysis and
Interpretation of Data

CHAPTER V

Summary of Findings,
Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary

Conclusions

Recommendations

Appendices

Curriculum Vitae
 CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Prior to the outbreak of the second world war the Reserve Officer

Training Corps (ROTC) was a long-standing government program to prepare

youth for military service and to be part of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

(AFP) Reserve Force. This reserve force is expected to fill the demands of the

army in case of war or disaster.

Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) is one of the choice courses in

the National Service Training (NSTP) program of the government, which aims

to prepare youth for service in the country. Aside from Reserve Officer Training

Corps (ROTC), other courses in the program are the Civil Welfare Training

Service (CWTS) and Literacy Training Service (LTS). NSTP is mandatory for

all college students, based on the NSTP Law of 2001. However, students may

choose which of the three NSTP courses they can take.

Background of the Study

Probably not everyone knows the word ROTC or Reserve Officer

Training Corps is a prominent program of government. For students in

secondary and college. It aims to train military discipline and skills. It is

mandatory to take students. there are others who are not allowed to undergo
such training as physically handicapped students or may be recommended by

a doctor who cannot participate

In fact, this hazing and corruption is the main reason why the NSTP Law

of 2001 has been enacted and ROTC has chosen the schools. The 2001 hazing

and killing of University of Santo Tomas student Mark Welson Chua was the

particular incident that resulted in the enactment of the NSTP Law of 2001.

Jepoyo (2017) said in 1992 that ROTC was first implemented and subject

to the UP and the year 1935 made it mandatory for all colleges and universities.

But in 2002 it was completely abolished because of the death of a cadet galling

in the UST. it was brutal that the cadets were killed because of its exposure to

ROTC training corruption in UST, but it was only the 17th of February in 2017

a law approved by President Duterte was resurrecting the ROTC. The measure

will grant Grade 11 and Grade 12 students to ROTC. But the president says,

ROTC's residence is unique to former ROTC in the wake of corruption. He said

the new ROTC is not worthy of corruption. No hazing and sexual harassment.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) also pledged to have restrictions in

order to prevent ROTC's bad happenings.

President Rodrigo Duterte said the Mandatory ROTC program in Grade

11 and Grade 12 could help develop and deepen national love and good

citizenship for Filipino youth.

 "Reservists will mobilize for information campaign against drug use and

the dissemination of information on drug rehabilitation programs offered by the

government,

The President also added that they will set up an inter-agency committee

to combine efforts and promote cooperation with all stakeholders to win the

fight against illegal drugs. He also pointed out that they will be teaching the

rehabilitation of drug users.

"We are adding a number of shelter facilities and rehabilitation facilities

to all regions of the country, adding that the Armed Forces of the Philippines

(AFP) will also be involved by the use of military camps and facilities that can

be converted for drug rehabilitation.

According to the 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF

PHILIPPINES ARTICLE II SECTION XIII The State recognizes the important

role of youth in the development of the country and must promote and protect

their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social welfare. It will be

established in the youth of patriotism and nationalism, and will encourage their

participation in public and civic activities.

Researchers found that this topic is a timely issue with SHS, and also

noticed that there are many students without knowledge about ROTC, through

this book the readers would be able to read the knowledge and know the

importance and Imprimatur of such programs.

Theoretical Framework

ROTC in the Philippines began in 1912 when the Philippine

Constabulary Commence with military instruction at the University of the

Philippines. Through this arrangement, the official ROTC unit in the Philippines

was established in the University of the Philippines on July 2, 1922.

Conceptual Framework

In the graphic organizer it is divided into three columns in which the

objectives and processes are included. The purpose of the study is to know the

perception of Senior High School Students of Talospatang National High

School S.Y 2019-2020 towards the Mandatory ROTC.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Demographic profile of Survey and SHS Students

respondents Senior questionnaire perception on
High School Students Reserve Officer
Reserve Officer Training Corps
Training Corps (ROTC)
(ROTC)implementation implementation
in Senior High School
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to discover the Perception on ROTC implementation

among Senior High School Students of Talospatang National High School

Specifically it will answer the following questions:

1. What is the Demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Gender

b. Age

2. How knowledgeable the respondents about the Implementation of Reserve

Officer Training Corps (ROTC) in Senior High School?

3. Do They think there is a benefit in the Reserve Officer Training Corps

(ROTC)?

4. What is the Positive effect in itself?

5. What is the negative effect of ROTC in itself?

Hypothesis

There is no significant impact of Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) to

the students of Talospatang National High School when group according in age

and gender.
Significance of the Study

LEARNERS/ TEACHERS/ PARENTS: This study is very important because it

can provide more information and knowledge for learners, some teachers and

parents who are mostly confused about what the program or government wants

for the society. And it can also be used if Talospatang National High School

students are aware of what is happening in our country

School Administration and Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)

Implementor. it can be used by the authorities to provide further information

about the Talospatang National High School- Senior High School students who

are subject to the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) program will be

informed of the issues if the students are ready to undergo the program and if

the students are informed regarding Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

Readers. This study can help to open the reader's awareness of government

initiatives and gain knowledge about the Mandatory Reserve Officer Training

Corps

Researchers. This will also serve as a way for other researchers to contribute
significantly to the development of our knowledge to possess these features of
the work and to improve the reader's understanding of how to interpret the
reader about the topic of Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

Scope and Limitation of Studies

This research is focused on assessing the views and knowledge of

Senior High School students on the effects of Reserve Officer Training Corps
(ROTC) on its academic performance. It covers students and teachers in

Grade 11 and Grade 12.

This study is limited to teachers and students who are in Grade 11 and

Grade 12 because they are involved in re-implementing this program. We

believe that the current time is crucial to having this study to answer questions

and provide information.

Definition of Terms

In order to make the reader understandable, we are required to provide

the following terms as the basis of how each one uses this timely-role.

ROTC or Reserve Officer Training Corps- is a program that consists of

military instruction through training, interviews, and physical training. located
on many campuses across the country

Mandatory- is also called upon by the voters of a person or state holding

the order.

Reservist- is a person who is a member of the military reserve force

Reserve force- a military organization made up of citizens of a country

that combines a military role or career with a civilian career. These are not
usually kept under the arms and their main role is available to fight if a country
mobilizes for the entire war or to defend against the attack

Hazing- refers to conducting rituals, challenges, and other activities

involving harassment, abuse or embarrassment used as a way of starting a
person in a group.

Military discipline- refers to self-control, character and efficiency

exercises and as a result of training.
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

According to pampubliko.com newspaper On February 8, 1967,

President Ferdinand Marcos revoked the Executive Order No. 207 of 1939,

which states the Executive Order No. 59 in its place. This executive order was

made mandatory for ROTC in all colleges, universities and other institutions

with enrollment of 250 male students and greater. President Marcos also

issued a Presidential Decree No. 1706, also known as the "National Service

Law", on August 8, 1980. The obligation for all Filipino citizens served as

national service and defined three categories of national services: civic welfare

services, law enforcement services and military services.

In 1991, the Congress passed RA 7077, the Citizen Armed Forces of the

Philippines Reservist Act. Sections 38 and 39 of this law have mandated

military education for two years (Basic ROTC) for all college students, while

ROTC programming (Advance ROTC) additional two years is voluntarily. The

basic philosophy of these practices is the belief in the role of Filipinos both

citizens and soldiers - both the intellectual and martial guard of democracy in

which they live.

According to philstar.org (2016), one of the ROTC's resurgence has

sprouted due to the tension seen in the regional territorial dispute in the west

Philippine sea where the Chinese claimed it. And if ROTC is mandatory for

students in Grade 11 and Grade 12 they will be prepared as officers who can
be called immediately to defer the country of any occupation. The ROTC also

saw the importance of the recent super typhoon in the Visayas Region where

many died and destroyed property. The ROTC Cadet can help save and deliver

relief goods to disaster victims.

According to Pinol (2017) The new president approves the return of the

Reserve Officer Training Corps. Defense Secretary Lorenzana also filed

documents on RA 7077 or "Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist

Act" to be mandatory for ROTC. Prior to this approval by President Rodrigo

Duterte there are meetings in the cabinet. Deep analysis and conversation.

Through the ROTC program, Filipino youths are potential to defend and protect

our country

According to Padilla (2017), "if the youth will understand the reason of

the training, they will learn many skills such as basic life support, first aid

training, basic self-defense, combat preparation, survival skills and others"

Several bills were filed at the House of Representatives but none of them

reached second reading. Movements coming from the uniformed sector have

been blabbing about the reinstatement of the ROTC, until President Rodrigo

Duterte’s 1st State of the Nation Address came where he mentioned his stand

that ROTC must be put back in to practice and should be held mandatory for

all college students.

It was then Valenzuela City Congressman now Senator Win Gatchalian

filed and sponsored House Bill No. 2338, which seeks to make Reserve
Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) mandatory to every male student in the tertiary

education and even in Senior High School. He said that the bill aims to optimize

the students for service through appropriate physical and mental training. He

also exposed that he was also a product of ROTC in college. “We need to help

them develop their national spirit, and promote self-confidence and

camaraderie. Our youth should also be physically strong and alert without

having to spend membership in a gym,” Gatchalian said.

The ROTC program, according to the Organization of Generals and Flag

Officers, prepares male students for national defense and trains them with

leadership skills and the basics of military service in order to produce capable

Armed Forces reservists.

“What is needed to support the Armed Forces is a citizen army of well-

trained reserves that can make life difficult for any invader. Just as the threat

of war with Japan served as an impetus for the build-up of our Armed Forces

before World War II, let us use the threats that come from bullies in the

neighborhood to prepare our youth for the defense of the homeland. It is time

to restore the mandatory two-year basic ROTC military training program that

existed in the past. Whatever mistakes or abuses were committed then should

not be allowed to happen again.” Said Brig. Gen. Rolando Jungco,

Commander, Armed Forces of the Philippines Civil Relations Service (CRS).

In total, we see that not only does the nation benefit but we also learn
many not only in defense but also in disciplining ourselves.
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter described the research methodology, explained the

Processes and how the research instrument was used with the data or

information collected. In order for the researchers to clarify their questions that

Talospatang National High School students’ perception on Mandatory Reserve

Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

Research Design

This study was conducted according to the design of the qualitative

descriptive method. Researchers express and evaluate the views and

Impression of Talospatang National High School students on Implementation

of Mandatory ROTC.

Research Locale

This research was conducted at Talospatang National High School. The

researchers gave survey questionnaires to the selected (40) respondents. The

results are most of the students want to learn more about ROTC.
Instrument Used

Researchers conducted surveys and used a questionnaire based on

their research topic at Grade 11 and Grade 12 levels. Seek to get answers or

data to assess and find out the problems or views of respondents. Researchers

also used Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)-related publications, and

also used technology to supplement the information gathered.

Data Gathering Procedure

1. The researchers chose a topic for the research and ask the adviser for

researchers to have some help.

2. Ask an approval to the Principal of the school to conduct a research.

3. Start writing background of the study, find the related literatures and making

questionnaires.

4. Since the researchers have the consent they convey surveys to the

understudies.

5. Gather information and examine the outcomes/discoveries.

6. Translate the information in easy way of the gathered outcomes.

Description of the Respondents

The respondents of the study were forty (40) for Grade 11 and twenty (20)

for Grade 12 total of twenty (20) students of Talospatang National High School.

The population of the study consisted of 40 selected Senior High School

students of Talospatang National High were chosen as a sample using a

random sampling.

Sampling Technique

The researchers used survey questionnaires to the selected

respondents. The respondents will choose their answers provided by the

researchers.
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the gathered data and the answers of the

respondents to the questionnaires. The results were computed and tabulated

well to serve as the basis of interpretation.

Profile of Respondents

This part of chapter presents the personal profile of the Senior High

School students in terms of gender and age.

Figure 1.

Profile of the Respondents Number of Respondents

Age

17 22

18 18

Total 40

Gender

Male 20

Female 20
 Total 40

Figure 2

Aware to Reserve Officers Training 26

Corps

Not Aware to Reserve Officers 14

Training Corps

Total 40

In figure 1, it shows that there are 40 selected respondents in the Senior

High School students.

In terms of age, gender, and to the awareness of students to Reserve

Officers Training Corps.

There are equal number of male and females. There are 20 males and

20 females.
Figure 2, shows on how the respondents are aware to ROTC, the results are,

most of the respondents are aware to Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

Data Implication

In question number 1, most of the respondents answered that they are

not aware to ROTC and the respondents want to know more about ROTC.

In question number 2, the respondents answered that they want to learn

more knowledge on ROTC and guidance to the current study.

In question number 3, the respondents answered that the effects of

ROTC in itself are self-defense, self-discipline and healthy body. It shows that

the respondents want to learn simple self-defense, self-discipline and the

respondents wants to have healthy body.

In question number 4, most of the respondents answered that the

negative effect of ROTC in itself are some may become arrogant and some

may experience trauma during the training.

 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of this study, the conclusions drawn

and the recommendations on the findings.

Summary

This study will determine what is the perception of students towards the

implementation of Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) at Talospatang

National High School.

Specifically, the following aspects we are looking into are the profile of the

Grade 11 and Grade 12 students of Talospatang National High School during

the school year 2019-2020 in terms of age and gender; their perception toward

Reserve Officer Training Corps and what they are expecting if mandatory

Reserve Officer Training Corps will be implemented

Conclusion

1. Mostly, the Senior High School students of Talospatang National High

School are not aware and the students want to learn more about Reserve

Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

2. Some of the Students are afraid to Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)

and some are happy because it is a new chapter of their grade school.
3. Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) is a program of government before

that was being stopped because some of trainees died due to some physical

violence. President Rodrigo R. Duterte plans to implement it again to the Senior

High School students or Grades 11 and 12 students.

Recommendations

The researchers want to recommend the following:

 This study must be implemented to the Senior High School Students

so that it will help them to become physically fit and will enable them to

protect themselves from any troubles.

 The researchers want to this study to the teachers to motivate their

students in participating to Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC).

 THE PERCEPTION OF GRADE 11 AND 12 STUDENTS OF

TALOSPATANG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TOWARDS ROTC

S.Y. 2019-2020

Name___________________Age___Grade&Section_______Gender______
1.On scale 1 to 10 how much do you know the ROTC?
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
2.Is there an implication you can get on rotc?
Gaining more knowledge on ROTC
Awareness on problems of our country
Guidance on current study
Other________________________________________
3. What is the Positive effect in itself?
Self-discipline
Self defense
Healthy Body
Other ________________________________________
4. What is the negative effect in itself?
Would be arrogant
Over fatigue
Trauma in the training
Other ________________________________________
References

Jepoyo, (2017). ROTC Buhay na naman! http://www.philstar.org

Bantay Publiko (2016) Revisiting the role of ROTC

https://www.pampubliko.com/background-briefings/view/revisiting-the-role-of-

the-reserve-officer-training-corps-rotc

Corrales (2017) Duterte approves revival of mandatory ROTC for Grade 11 &

12 http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/869134/duterte-approves-revival-of-mandatory-

rotc-for-grades-11-12

Pinol, (2017) Duterte wants Mandatory ROTC for Senior High School

http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/598662/duterte-wants-

mandatory-rotc-for-senior-high-school-pi-ntilde-ol/story/

Padilla, (2016) AFP eyeing to incorporate ROTC to K-12

https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/07/1610893/afp-eyeing-

incorporate-rotc-k-12

CNN Philippines, (2017) Cabinet meeting about ROTC

http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/02/08/duterte-approves-mandatory-rotc-

senior-high.html

CNN Philippines (2016) House bill 2238

http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/11/12/ROTC-mandatory-bill-K-12.html

www.scribd.com/rotc
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Julius T. Barboza

Gender: Male
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father: Cesar A. Barboza
Mother: Lanie T. Barboza
Age: 18
Birthday: July 4, 2001

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Irish Jorreca M. Benitez

Gender: Female
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father: Flor T. Benitez
Mother: Ma. Thelma M. Benitez
Age: 18
Birthday: April 21, 2001

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Jessica H. Nevado

Gender: Female
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father: Kenny S. Nevado
Mother: Evangelyn H. Nevado
Age: 19
Birthday: September 11, 2000

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Mark Louie G. Maynigo

Gender: Male
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father: Nida Garcia
Mother: Lodovico Maynigo
Age: 20
Birthday: October 12, 1999

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Malasiqui Agno Valley College

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Joshua C. Calimlim

Gender: Male
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father: Jaime Calimlim
Mother: Virginia Calimlim
Age: 17
Birthday: February 21, 2002

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Sharon E. Barboza

Gender: Female
Address: Lasip Malasiqui, Pangasinan
Father:
Mother:
Age:
Birthday:

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name:
Gender:
Address:
Father:
Mother:
Age:
Birthday:

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name:
Gender:
Address:
Father:
Mother:
Age:
Birthday:

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name:
Gender:
Address:
Father:
Mother:
Age:
Birthday:

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name:
Gender:
Address:
Father:
Mother:
Age:
Birthday:

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary: Talospatang Elementary School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2013-2014

Junior High: Talospatang National High School

Malasiqui, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2017-2018

Senior High: General Academic Strand (GAS)

Talospatang National High School