INDIVIDUAL REPORT – VĂN HÓA ANH-MỸ

Name: Lê Thị Hoa

ID : 1717710079

I. COMPARISON

Week British culture American culture Vietnamese culture Analysis/ Discussion

1. It has two large -USA located in the - Vietnam is located in the When we talk about
Introd islands and northern part of America southeast of Indochinese the differences
uction hundreds of much continent Peninsula and covers an between Vietnamese
and the US and the
smaller one. The -It has 50 states and 1 area of more than 330,000
UK culture, we can
largest is called district: District square kilometers think of many things;
Great Britain. Columbia, that is shown (128,000 square miles). namely Literature,
The other large as stars in their flag -Vietnam’s topography is Style of Music, Arts,
one is called -The country bordered very diverse with Religion,
Ireland. There is with Mexico on the mountains, hills, plains, Language…We
no agreement South, and Canada on the coasts and continental should conclude
which culture is
about what to call north shelf.
better or worse, but
all of them -Capital: Washington -According to the State of simply, it is
Making process -Area:3rd largest country World Population Report differences which
-Since 1945, in the world after China 2010, Vietnam’s create beauty of each
immigration to and India population is about 89 country. The
Britain under -It is a free country. million people, ranks 14th difference among 3
British Every religion is in the list of the most countries about the
dominant culture is
nationality law accepted, and people are populous nations in the
due to historical
has been freely choose to have world (ethnic Kinh (Viet) contexts. Through
significant, religion or not. has the highest ups and downs of
especially India, population, making up times, cultural values
Pakistan, South 86.2% of national of nations gradually
African, Hong population) and other are built up and
develop strongly.
Kong,… Ethnic minorities (ethnic
-Have dominant Tay, ethnic Nung, ethnic
culture Thai, ethnic Hmong,
- 28,000 ethnic Chinese, etc.)
immigrants
(2012)
Reasons
-the economic
and labor
market language
 -study
opportunities
established
networks

Ethnic identity: -The large variety of -According to the State of The family.
the four nations: ethnic, cultural, and World Population Report is the most
2. England, Wales, religious groups are 2010, Vietnam’s fundamental social
Identit Scotland, expressed throughout the population is about 89 unit of any culture. In
Vietnam,
y Northern Ireland. history million people, ranks 14th
independence is far
Scotland have - The population of the in the list of the most from desirable, much
constant United States includes a populous nations in the less respected.
reminders of their number of different world. Among them, Family connections
distinctiveness. ethnic groups coming ethnic Kinh (Viet) has the are so powerful that it
The public life, from many races, highest population (makes is not unheard of for
way of speaking nationalities, and up 86.2% of national as many as three
generations to live in
English (they use religions. population). Residence of
the same household
‘Scots’) and even Some : "melting pot" ethnic Kinh covers all the (often the direct
banknotes are where various racial and country but mainly result of grown
different from the ethnic groups have been concentrates in the plains, children’s desire to
rest of Britain. combined into one cities, and areas nearby do whatever
Many symbols of culture. rivers. Ethnic minorities necessary to care for
Scottishness are Others: "salad bowl" (ethnic Tay, ethnic Nung, their aging parents).
Someone’s success or
well-known where the various groups ethnic Thai, ethnic
failure is never seen
thorough Britain. have remained somewhat Hmong, ethnic Chinese, as theirs alone, but is
The people of distinct and different etc.) contribute only directly credible to
Wales don’t have from one another, 13.8% of national the family. If one
many reminders creating a richly diverse population. Vietnam wished to insult a
of their country. -America customs are very Vietnamese person,
one could simply
Welshness in identity is recognized by complicated and strict as
refer to the
everyday life, the sharing a common set of Oriental culture originally Vietnamese person as
organization of values that make us and influences of “ill bred”…thereby
public life is American the chance for Confucianism in Chinese damaging the
similar to individual freedom, domination period. individual and the
England. Well- equality of opportunity, -Despite Vietnam’s family equally.
known symbols and material wealth, self- communist orientation, Family connections
are so strong in fact,
of Welshness are reliance, competition, and there are clear divisions of
that a hard life is
not so many. hard work. ->American status. The term ‘nha que’ often viewed as the
Many people in Dream (‘peasant’, or ‘country result of improper
Wales don’t person’) is highly behavior committed
consider -Household is changing pejorative. by ones’ ancestors. In
themselves to be so much with the increase direct contrast to the
especially Welsh in the rate of single It is far easier to Vietnamese, the
familial bonds within
at all and one parent distinguish members of
American families
single highly -The role of women in the artisan class from are much weaker.
important symbol the house has changed. middle class Vietnamese Familial closeness is
of Welsh identity: They now tend to enter than it would be in any mostly reserved for
the Welsh the labor force developed country, even the nuclear family
language. -The typical parent is not those with a tradition of (husband, wife, and
Everyone in very controlling, they class division, such as the their respective
children). Most
Wales can speak allow the child to UK. Vietnamese female
Americans and
English (but not peasants wear distinctive Brirtish would
the 1st language shapeless clothes with certainly scoff at the
of them). Identity baggy trousers, often with idea of housing
in Northern a conical straw hat, and multiple generations
Ireland is a much often cover most of their within the same
more complex face with a handkerchief. home. In fact, many
couples make a
issue. English Male peasants also wear
conscious effort
made little shapeless clothes, often following marriage to
distinction in with a green ‘pith helmet’. avoid living too close
their minds to the parents of
between People who consider either party. A
‘English’ and themselves ‘middle class’ married couple’s life
is their life, and there
‘British’. This distance themselves both
(more often than not)
confusion can be physically and in dress is a line that can be
found in the press and appearance. For crossed where
and public life. women, long fingernails involvement comes
Other ethnic and pale skin are de to be seen as
identity: There is rigueur to proclaim their interference.
a limit to superior status. They wear -About class
structure, it always
significant more fashionable clothes
has difficulties and
differences and either expose their benefits. It is most
between people hair or wear a variety of obvious in the case of
of the 4 nations. hats. On sunny days, America where the
They look the middle class women often gap between the poor
same, eat the wear elbow-length gloves and the rich is
same food, have and cover their faces to becoming more
complexible than
the same religious avoid the tanning effect of
ever and it leads to
heritage the sun. Men sometimes deterioration in
(Christianity), grow a single long nail, national
learn the same usually the little finger, to competitiveness, high
language first show that they are not crime rate, social
(English), have manual workers. Social unrest, and political
instability.All three
the same attitudes interaction between the
countries are trying
to the roles of working and middle their best to narrow
men & women. classes is virtually non- the gap for a better
There are existent future.
hundreds of
different
ethnicities
divided into 2
major groupings:
Black Caribbeans
(longest-
established,
mostly born in
Britain); Asians
(cultural roots lie
in and around the
Indian
subcontinent).
The family: has
weak identity and
a generally low
profile. Family
unit is still the
basic living
arrangement for
most people.
There is little
sense of extended
family identity .
The stereotypical
nuclear family
becomes less
common.
Children born
outside marriage
has risen and
many adults
prefer to have
‘partner’ rather
than ‘husband.
wife,
boy/girlfriend’.
extended family
gatherings are
rare, even family
members can lose
touch.
Geography
identity: not very
common or
strong. People are
too mobile and
very few live in
the same place all
their lives. There
is more of a sense
of identity with a
larger
geographical
area.
Class: the class
system has never
been swept away
by a revolution
and an awareness
of class forms a
major part of
most people’s
sense of identity.
The different
classes mix more
readily and easily
with each other
and the relation
between wealth
and perceived
social
 class seems to be
even looser than
they used to be.
Men and women:
Social and
everyday
contacts:
Religion and
politics:
Identity in
Northern Ireland:
Being British: is
the largest
possible sense of
identity
Personal identity:
a sense o f
humour: two
other personal
qualities which
are generally
highly prized in
Britain: bravery
in the face of
misfortune
(sometimes
known as the
‘stiff upper lip’)
and modesty. The
quality which
connects these
two is the sense
of humour.

• Stereotypes and America is also a -For Vietnamese people, Attitudes and

3.Attit change : Societies multicultural society . correct behaviour is behaviors of
udes change over time This country is mixture defined by Confucian individuals in each
precepts.t.
/Herit while their of many cultures in the country are different
-Nowadays, the code is no
age reputations lag world so it is very longer mandatory, and is in many way.
behind. In their diverse. America is observed in the spirit, Vietnamese people
private everyday described as a melting-
lives, the British pot where various racial
are probably less and ethnic groups have
inclined to follow been combined into one
tradition than the culture.
people of most However, these days it is
other countries. considered as a salad
The British are bowl where the various
too individualistic groups have remained
for things: age- somewhat distinct and
old customs, local different from one
parades or another, creating a richly
processions, diverse country.
sayings or
proverbs,etc. In the United States
Many supposedly today, the word
typical British "conservative" is often
habits are simply used very differently
not typical any from the way it is used in
more. Europe and Asia.
• English versus Following the American
British Revolution, Americans
(english : relating rejected the core ideals of
to England, its European conservatism;
people, or their those ideals were based
language on the landed aristocracy,
british: relating to established churches, and
Great Britain or powerful armies.
the United
Kingdom, or to Americans encounter a
its people or number of society-wide
language.) forces disconnecting
Because English them from nature, as they
culture dominates face competing priorities
the cultures of the for their time, attention,
other three and money. They live in
nations, everyday places that often have
habits, attitudes, more concrete than green
and values among space. It is increasingly
the peoples of the normal to spend little
rather than the letter of the prefer to traditional
Confucian code. values which
-Except in rural areas, ancestors pass on.
many of the extreme
People in Vietnam
demands of Confucianism
are considered outdated. also follow simple
Nevertheless, female lifestyles and they
subservience and often feel
obedience are still taken comfortable with
for granted by a large these habits.
proportion of men and However, Americans
women - even in the cities
and British seem to
-Traditional Vietnamese
organisations operate be more open. They
strict hierarchies. incline to follow
-As the favor of the tradition than people
Creator and a long-lasting of other countries. I
culture, Vietnam is think that it depends
proudly to be location of 7 on common habits in
World Heritage Sites and each country, and is
many Intangible Cultural simply,
Heritages recognized by differentiation.
UNESCO. Besides, there Importantly, every
are several beautiful people feel better in
landscapes and unique daily
cultural values from the communications and
North to the South which suitable for their
contribute to an amazing places of living.
and mysterious Vietnam.
Although Vietnam's fifty-
four different ethnic
groups are increasingly
engaged in the outside
world, it is not a
multicultural society as
The Kinh, the largest
ethnic group in Vietnam,
consists of nearly ninety
percent of the country's
population and others are
minority ethnics Vietnam
culture is affected by
four nations are time outside Kinh in general.
very similar.
Among many
people in Britain,
there exists a
suspicion of
education
and ‘high
culture’.
Traditionally,
large sections of
both the upper
and working class
in
Britain were not
interested in their
children getting
to university
Anti-intellectual
attitudes can be
found in all four
nations o f the
Isles. However,
they are probably
better seen as a
specifically
English
characteristic, and
not a British one.
The Scottish have
always placed
a high value on
education for all
classes. The Irish
o f all classes
place a
high value on
being quick,
ready, and able
with words. The
Welsh have
long exported
teachers to other
parts o f Britain
and beyond.
•A multicultural
society
In its cities at
least, Britain is a
multicultural
society relating to
the large-scale
immigration to
Britain from
places beyond the
four nations since
the Second World
War.
• Conservatism
The British can
be stubbornly
conservative
about anything
which is
perceived as a
token of
Britishness and
don't like change.
They may not
behave in
traditional ways,
but they like
symbols of
tradition.

• Being different
Their
conservatism can
combine with
their
individualism -
they are rather
proud of being
different. Such
as: driving on the
left-hand of the
road, Systems of
measurement,etc.
• Love o f nature
Britain was the
first country in
the world to
appoint a
government-
sponsored
conservation
body (the Nature
Conservancy, in
1949) and it was
in Britain that the
first large green
pressure group
was founded (the
World Wildlife
Fund in 1961,
now the
Worldwide Fund
for Nature). Ever
since they
became a nation
of city dwellers,
the British have
had a reverence
for nature and an
idealized vision
of the
countryside.
Along with love
of nature comes a
strong dislike of
anything that
seems
‘unnatural’.
• Love of animals
The British tend
to have a
sentimental
attitude to
animals. Half of
the households
in Britain keep at
least one
domestic pet.
Moreover, the
status of pets is
taken seriously.
But the love of
animals goes
beyond
sentimental
attachment to
domestic pets.
(Wildlife
programmes are
by far the most
popular kind of
television
documentary.
Millions of
families have
‘bird tables’ in
their
gardens, a special
teaching
hospitals...)
•Public-
spiritedness and
amateurism
 • Formality and
informality
• Privacy and sex

The public Vietnam's political

4. The attitude to politics - Americans aren’t just less -Vietnamese generally pay culture represents,
politic -Politicians in interested in local politics a lot of attention to politics therefore, the
steadfast survival of
al life Britain do not than they once were; their and politicians
what is Vietnamese
and have a good voting behavior is also - Politicians receive in the face of a long
the reputation. People much less determined. admiration from people history of outside
monar ignore and regard -They are far more engaged because of their influence; integration
chy them with a high with and knowledgeable contribution to the country of historical political
degree of about national politics than - Participation in an election ideals with an
suspicion, their state or local politics is a citizen responsibility imported communist
organizational model
lack of -Americans have become and a political right
has created a
trustworthiness better at identifying where - People often feel angry communist identity
- The British the presidential candidates about programs insulting that is no less
were not always stand relative to each other politics in Vietnam Vietnamese. We can
so unenthusiastic, ,a task that has long -Law are enacted to ensure see that political
they care about challenged voters. Vietnamese most stability has helped
their government fundamental human rights Vietnam to enjoy
peace and prosperity.
and the policy ( -When the US was -The state is of the people,
Political stability is
2/3 of the adult founded, the Founders by the people and for the one of the main
population vote at created a democratic people factors that has
national election republic, a system of - People in Vietnam has ID. helped Vietnam
even though government in which the -The Socialist Republic of pursue its economic
voting is not power to govern comes Vietnam is a law- governed development policy –
a factor that enable
compulsory) from the people, but state
Vietnam go ahead
- Politics is elected officials represent -The president of Vietnam with its renewal
considered as a their interests. This system is the head of state and the process.
dirty business, a of government allows PM of Vietnam is the head In America and
necessary evil American citizens to of the government Britain, political
The style of participate in government -Legislative power is vested statement are more
democracy in many ways. in the national assembly of flexible with many
parties. The benefits
-Britain is the -The USA is a republic, the Vietnam
of federalism are that
country whose American constitution is - The constitution clearly it can encourage
citizens do not written, codified with a indicates that the state political
have ID and a strict system of separation power is in the hand of participation, give
freedom of of power people states an incentive to
information act -The US also has many -The Communist Party of engage in policy
-The duties of different levels and Vietnam is the vanguard of innovation, and
individual: not branches of government the Vietnamese working accommodate diverse
breaking the law that any citizen or group class, the working people viewpoints across the
country. The
and paying taxes might approach. Many and the whole nation
disadvantages are
- The government people take this as - Recognize the National that it can set off a
has a evidence that US citizens, Assembly of Vietnam as race to the bottom
comparatively especially as represented the highest organ of the among states, cause
free hand by competing groups, can state power cross-state economic
- People have no influence government - The state president is the and social disparities,
hand in the actions. Some political head of state, elected by the and obstruct federal
efforts to address
running of the theorists, however, argue national assembly
national problems.
country that this is not the case.
-Britain is a -These different opinions
constitutional have sprouted three popular
monarchy, also a models of democracy:
parliamentary participatory, pluralist, and
democracy elite.
-The UK has an
unwritten,
uncodified
constitution with Mainly under a two-party
a fusion of power system, two major political
set out parties, the Democratic and
-Parliament is the Republican parties,
highest power dominate the political
- The Prime scene of the US. The -
minister is presidency usually Vietnam is a single- party
appointed by the alternates between the two state, a single party forms
monarch political parties. However, the government and no
-The UK has no there are other minority other parties are permitted
single written political parties. The to run candidates for
document( rules, minority parties are rarely election
regulations, given recognition. In very - The co- operation btw
principles and rare instances do the Vietnamese parliamentary
procedures which minority parties to form the delegation to build the
are written down, government. country is taken for granted
spoken or never - The Communist party
been written cover nearly all the seats in
down) national assembly
The style of The president is the head of
politics the federal government of
-Influenced by the United States.
the traditional However, each state forms
British respect for its government for The President of Vietnam is
privacy and love administration purposes. the head of state, and the
of secrecy The powers of the state Prime Minister of Vietnam
- The House of governments are exercised is the head of government
Commons was within restricted state in a one-party system led by
“the most boundaries. The most the Communist Party of
exclusive club in powerful figures in the Vietnam.
London” states are the governors. - Executive power is
-Almost British -The federal government of exercised by the
citizens 18 years the US has three branches: government and the
old or older may the executive, the President of Vietnam.
vote legislature, and the -The cabinet consist of the
- A genuine habit judiciary. The powers, prime minister, who is
of co- operation roles, and limitations of the nominated by the president
among politicians three branches are and approved by the
of different highlighted in the US national assembly. The
parties constitution. cabinet ( which superseded
The party system -The president is both the the earlier council of
-“two- party head of state and minister ). coordinates and
system” and government. directs the ministers and
members of these various state organizations
two parties have -The president may sign of the central government
occupied more legislation passed by and supervises the
than 90% of the Congress into law or may administrative committees
seats in the House veto it, preventing it from in the local government
of Commons becoming law unless two- level.
B. The monarchy thirds of both houses of - The prime minister is the
-The Queen, in Congress vote to override head of the government of
theory, has the veto. The president may Viet Nam presides over the
almost power, but be impeached by a majority meetings of the Central
in reality, the in the House and removed Government .The prime
Queen has no from office by a two-thirds minister directs the work of
power at all. She majority in the Senate. government members, and
is careful to may propose deputy prime
ensure that all her ministers to the National
activities in her Assembly.
personal capacity
 are carried out in
strict accordance
with the law.
-The monarch
serves an
important part in
British life.

5. -The government of the

Gover USA is based on the US
nment Constitution. The
Constitution was signed
on September 17, 1787 in
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. Each state
has its own government
but the there is one
Federal Government for
all. The Constituition
describes what the
Federal Government is
allowed to do. Any
powers not specified in
the Constitution are
reserved for the states or
the people. The Federal
Government is in charge
of setting any disputes
between states. It is also
in charge of the army and
foreign affairs as well as
issuing currency and
running a postal service.
By having these provided
by one central
government US citizens
reduce the amount of tax
they have to pay. To
prevent any person or
group from becoming too
 powerful, the separation
of powers and a series of
checks and balances were
built into the
Constitution.
→ The Government of
the USA
-is based upon the
Constitution
-is divided into State and
Federal branches
-checks and balances
prevent dictatorship
-Congress is the
Legislature
-the Supreme Court is the
Judiciary
-the people have power -
regular elections.
5. Business n business,
Busin characteristics -Number of Private Number of Private understanding each
ess -Number of Private enterprises > number of enterprises > number of other to get the best
enterprises > public, government owned Public/Government result for your
number of or non-profit organizations, enterprises company is really
Public/Government etc.) - During 2011-2015, important, especially
enterprises - Private firms dominate Vietnam restructured the when two companies
- December 2018: Government business; are from two
about 5.37m people however, this didn’t help different countries
employed in the the whole nation economy a work together. In
public lot. Vietnamese, Britain
sector, about -Government enterprises and American
27.34m people have shown lots of business culture,
work in private shortcomings in managing there are many
sector as well as controlling different things in
finance common such as
-Government enterprises are communication
still an important part in the styles, dresses, and
country business. So, meetings. Generally,
government has to bring in Vietnamese Britain
laws to encourage private and American
 companies as well as create business cultures still
a fair market for both have some
private and government similarities and
institutions. differences. We can
not say if a specific
-The Vietnam Competition Vietnamese manner
-Federal Trade Authority (VCA) is better or worse
Commission (FTC) established under the than an American or
Business - Business is based on the Competition Law Britain manner. All is
competitions ideal of competitions - Vietnam: a growing just the custom.
The Competition -Competitions take place in country → attracts a great Vietnamese is more
and Markets almost every industry of number of foreign investors, indirect than
Authority (CMA) American business increase the American in
- Britain: a Ex: In fast food industry: competitiveness of the communication style.
competitive Mc Donald's. Burger King, remaining firms and the American seems
markets for Popeyes, Subway, KFC, new ones. informal than
businesses. etc. Ex: Recently, a lot of firms Vietnamese in
After Brexit: => each brand has to providing transporting clothing. In meeting,
- less competitive update their menu regularly service have appeared: both hope the
within EU market - + give discounts + upgrade Grab, Goviet, Fastgo, Be, participants to be on
eliminates the customer service etc. time. All these things
privileges of free => competition among need to be known by
trade, free those firms the businessman, if
movement of goods not, his/her business
and services (and could be declined just
people),cuts off -Employees and employers by misunderstanding.
direct access to a -CEO of an American -Representation office- America and Britain
massive pool of organization -Limited liability company are having
prospective buyers, -Accountability -Joint Stock Company advantages in
- more competitive economy over
in global markets Vietnam, which
(free to make makes us try to
entirely new trade -Flexibility and enhance our
agreements with complexity. -The relationship is not so competitions in
countries around -Less loyalty between good as some conflicts and business.
the world) employers and employees. the gap exists.
- Less loyalty
Structure
-Sole
proprietorship or
sole trader
-A partnership -2 kinds of business -The notion “ business
-A limited heroes: “entrepreneur hero” is not familiar to
company as hero” and “organization Vietnamese people
man /woman as hero”. -The influences of business
The relationship - Business heroes have a heroes on Vietnamese
between profound influence on people are not profound.
Employees and American people.
employers
-Not loyal as before
has replaced
industrial
relations between
employers and
employees
- Focusing on both
individual and the
workplace
Entrepreneur as -Fifty years ago, the
hero operation of American -Vietnam's economy before
-Today Britain also business took place almost the renovation in 1986 was
has the notion“ entirely in the an economy with no
business hero”. United States. concept of market, an
However; it can be -In the 1900s, American economy that most
seen as a variant business had become a part activities were dominated
concept of “ of a much larger global by the state.
American business economy. White males - Also called subsidy
hero” have dominated American period. And after 1986,
when there’s no business.. Vietnam's economy began
distinction between - American women are to reform, open, integrate
“ entrepreneur as pinched in business. And and begin to form a market
hero” and “ they are inclined to set up economy.
organization their own companies, but Male workers > female
man/ woman as still have many difficulties. workers, being around 50%.
hero” in the UK. - However, in the future, - Vietnam's labor force is
- The influences of maybe the role of concentrated in rural areas.
business heroes on American men in business - The rate of skilled workers
British people are will not be the is not high, lack of technical
not as profound as same as before. skills, and lack of
that on American discipline...
people. - Experienced brain drain.
The changing in
workforce
-The UK, a leading
trading power and
financial center, is
the third largest
economy in Europe
after Germany and
France.
- A nation with an
early
developing
economy and has a
high position in the
global market.
- period of starting
for industrial
reforms that later
spread to the whole
world.
-The number of
women in work is
at a record high of
15.26 million
(2010)
- Workers (aged 50
plus)
has reached a
record 10.18
million.
- The government
has
reformed welfare to
make work pay,
backed
businesses to take
more
people on, built a
stronger, fairer
 economy.

6. Historical There are some

Educa background: Schooling is compulsory Vietnamese government difference between 3
tion British for all children in the US, attacks a lot importance to education systems.
governments but the age range for which education. All policies However, both of
attached little school attendance is about education are them have
importance to required varies from state controlled by government, advantages and
education until to state. Some states allow and school or other disadvantages, in
the end of the students to leave school educational institutions actually. While
nineteenth between 14–17 with have to follow. American education
century. Schools parental permission, before -At school, students often focus on solving
and other finishing high school; other focus on studying theory problem skills,
educational states require students to instead of the other Vietnamese focuses
institutions (such stay in school until age 18. development such as : on achieving
as universities) Public (free) education is character building, or team academic offerings.
existed in Britain typically from kindergarten spirit, students in Vietnam However both have
long before the to grade12 do not have notion about available
government forming the ruling elite. opportunities.
began to take an
interest. Education has always been
Modern times: one of the top priorities in -Education in Vietnam
the education the US. often sets learning with a
debates The US has one of the most practical purpose instead of
• Style extensive and diverse emphasis on quality of
Traditionally, educational systems in the person that education
education in world. Educational produced. Students are
Britain gave institutions exist at all oriented to serve for,
learning for its learning levels, from contribute to their nation. A
own sake, nursery schools for the well- rounded citizen
rather than for very young to higher functions as a tool to
any particular education for older youths achieve the national benefit
practical purpose, and adults of all ages. gains.
a comparatively -Education is notable for Schools usually focus on
high value. Much the many goals it aspires to studying so physical
of the public accomplish: promoting education is limited.
debate about democracy, assimilation, -Although in Vietnam
educational nationalism, equality of government also has the
policy still opportunity, and personal idea to develop the '
focuses on how development. complete' person, it does
schools can help not really work.
their charges -Vietnam cannot focus on
become good sports as when sporting
members o f competitions do not attract
society. It also -Full- time attendance start many people
prescribes at primary school
‘physical -Nearly schools work for a -Full- time education is
education’. 5- day week, class size is compulsory up to the
Another reflex is usually small. middle teenage years with
that the approach - Lots of time to do other the focus on academic
to study tends to afterschool activities such performance --The class
give priority to as sports and clubs. size is large.
developing -Tuition fee is not free
understanding
and sophistication
o f approach over -Commercially prepared
the accumulation tests are also given in many
o f factual areas at all levels to assess
knowledge. students’ and schools’ -At the end of their
achievements, and locally compulsory schooling,
developed end-of-year schoolchildren also have to
examinations are given in take exams.
many schools. Some states -All school system use the
have state-wide exams same books, same
prepared by the state curriculum. Examining
department of education. boards are not independent.
The federal program, No They have to follow a fix
Child Left Behind, form. A subject was taught
introduced by the Bush by different teachers, but
administration in 2002, has teachers have to use same
also encouraged school syllabus acording to
districts to implement requirement from faculty.
regular testing of children -The assessment of each
in order to prove the examinee's performance is
schools are achieving just through a formal, sit-
various goals and thus are down exams . If they are
eligible for federal funding. graduated exams, the
assessment is just through
some main subjects such as
 maths, literature, English.
After graduating high
school (12th grade), U.S.
students may go on to
college or university. Students have to finish
conpulsory level of
education at secondary
school. After that, they can
go on their study in high
schools, universities or
colleges or enter the labor
force.

7.Reli Value and belief In general, religion in

gious Religions do not They value individual -Vietnamese weren’t both 3 nations is
herita affect British much, freedom, self reliance, influenced by the religions various. Both have
freedom of choices of
ge they learn how to material wealth, hard work. but it’s our tradition when
following or
improve -Protestants are left almost people grown up affiliating religions,
themselves at individually before God to with the strong sense of moving from one
school, and make improve themselves and self-improvement. Because religion to another.
sure that they can ask for God’s guidance, the folk religions, many Religion has a major
have the right forgiveness and grace.-> people believe in the impact on different
decision. Many Encouraging a strong relation between material cultures and this
impact envisages
British lack desire for self- success and spiritual
itself in varied ways.
ambition. Most improvement. objects. The one blessed Religion might have
people -“Born again”, Opening them is our ancestor. an impact on the
prefer to try their your hearts to God and -Hard-working is one of the same culture in
luck at Jesus Christ changed your best traditions. varied ways and at
gambling (rather life completely. varied times as well.
than work) and will -American religious leaders When the people of a
certain culture start
bet on almost find strong connection of having a strong belief
anything. gaining material wealth and in religion, it can
being blessed by God. have a major
They did not encourage the influence on that
ideas of gaining wealth culture. This is
without hard work and self- because that
particular culture
discipline
starts accepting only
those methods of
-Volunteerism and thinking and only
humanitarianism are -Religions have moral those behaviours that
 philosophy of self- principles and standard that are acceptable in
improvement (improving teach people how to behave. their specific
oneself by helping others) -The perspective of religion. There are
many countries in the
-By contributing some of religions: to avoid
present times that
their time or money to sufferings, we have to have developed
charitable, educational or improve our morals cultures dominated
-Many British religious causes that are -Beside donating to the poor by a certain religion
people participate designed to help others. or suffering people, many were socialising with
in voluntary -In many context, people wealthy people donate to people of the
activities, not only are encouraged to give help churches, pagodas, temples opposite sex or
having alcohol are
in Britain but also to pray for peace.
things that are clearly
abroad. frowned upon. This is
-Volunteerism and -America is marked by something that is
Humanitarianism in religious pluralism and -95% of population practice found in the Muslim
Britain also relate diversity with Christianity a religion or belief; 6 major countries where the
to religion such as being the majority religion. religions. culture is affected by
Protestantism and -The fundamental Islam. However, such
influences are not
Christianity. American belief in
just limited to the
individual freedom and the Muslim countries.
right of individuals to
practice their own religion
is at the center of religious
experience

Pluralism - The belief that the

-Britain is a individual, not the -Freedom religion:
multifaith society. organized church, should Everyone is allowed to
4 countries in be the center of religious choose & practice a faith
Britain have their life has encouraged a freely but under some
own major religion. tolerance and acceptance of limitation of legislation in
-Freedom of all faiths. Religious religious practice of
religion :is taken freedom is a basic independent religious
for granted. In the American right that should groups and those
mainstream of be protected individuals who were
British life, people regarded as a threat to party
are encouraged to authority.
be religiously
pluralistic.
 Freedom of religion
- It is the freedom
of religious belief
and everyone shall
have right to
freedom of thought,
conscience and
religion. This right
shall include
freedom to have or
adopt a religion or
belief of his choice,
and freedom either
individually or in
public or private.

II. REFLECTION

After learning this course about three cultures of Vietnam, Britain and America, I recognized

there are a lot of cultural differences between America and Vietnam that made me feel "Culture

shock" - is a very real experience for me when discovering cultures. I would like to share with

you my experiences about the cultural differences between these countries.

America, Britain with Vietnam are distinctive countries with many differences. The 3 countries

are on different continents, and there is a wide difference between the two countries. The culture,

beliefs and practices of the people are different. However, as the world becomes more global,

and as people become more exposed to different cultures, the differences between them seem to

be narrowing. This is because of the willingness of the people to adopt different cultures, while

at the same time maintain some of the elements of their own culture. There are several

similarities and differences among America, Britain and Vietnam, specifically, in wedding

ceremonies, food and the education system and etc.

We can not say if a specific Vietnamese manner is better or worse than an American or Britain

manner. All is just the custom and traditions. Besides sharing similarities, we have differences

which make us different from other countries. I will not conclude that it is true or false here but

face reality and feel comfortable to share my own ideas.

For example, about education, America and Vietnam place education highly, as they recognize

its importance in shaping the children’s future. In both countries, the students go through twelve

years of basic education, beginning at the kindergarten level. Both countries have put in place

policies intended to improve the education system, and to improve the students’ performance.

Schools in both countries have set regulations and rules which they expect the teachers and

students to follow. In both countries, the parents and the government invest a lot of money and

other resources on education, and the literacy rates are high. The students feel free in the

classroom, and they can air their opinion concerning different matters. In Vietnam, the level of

interaction between the teachers and students is low. Teachers rarely interact with the students.

The students do not feel free to question the teachers, and they do not air their opinions freely.

By looking straight at current status, we try to develop ourselves to be more competitive with

other nations.

Besides, i think that studying these cultures is useful for me. Understanding culture is like having

a context that allows me to give the right meaning to each new word I learn when I study a

foreign language. The more you know about the sociocultural background, the easier it is to get

involved and learn new words, expressions and ways of speaking. I think culture is essential to

learning a language well enough to communicate with natives. In fact, most universities and even

high schools invest in exchange programs to allow students to learn languages in the right

environments. After engaging in the course, I recognize about the abundant diversity of
cultures, which makes me more excited. At first. I think it is boring for me to follow materials

involving cultures. I also think It is not new and attractive about definition ‘culture’. Until

finishing it, it truly open my new horizons. I discover interesting things of multicultural and i

know that we need respect for the differences. I acknowledge the validity of different cultural

expressions and contributions and embrace values what other cultures offer. I enjoy the

contribution of diverse groups. Cultural values empower people to strengthen themselves and

others to achieve their maximum potential by being critical of their own biases; and I come to

realize my responsibility for celebrating rather than just tolerating the differences in order to

bring about unity through diversity.