(A) List of Tables

Table Title Page

1 List of parents, crosses and standard check 34

Analysis of variance for parents and hybrids for individual

1.1 39
season
Analysis of variances for pooled over two seasons for
1.2 40
parents and crosses
1.3 Analysis of Variance for combining ability 43

1.4 Pooled ANOVA for combining ability (L X T) 47

Mean performance of parents and crosses for different

2 51-62
characters in brinjal

Analysis of variance of parents and crosses for various

3 74-75
characters in brinjal

Pooled Analysis of variance of parents and crosses for

4 77-79
various characters in brinjal

Per cent heterosis for plant height in brinjal over mid parent
5.1 82
(MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for number of branches per plant in

5.2 brinjal over mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and 84
Standard check

Per cent heterosis for plant spread in brinjal over mid

5.3 86
parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for days to first flowering in brinjal over

5.4 88
mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for days to 50% flowering in brinjal over

5.5 90
mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for number of flowers per branch in

5.6 brinjal over mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and 92
Standard check

Per cent heterosis for number of fruits per branch in brinjal

5.7 94
over mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard

i
 check

Per cent heterosis for number of fruits/plant in brinjal over

5.8 96
mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for fruit set in brinjal over mid parent
5.9 98
(MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for fruit length in brinjal over mid parent
5.10 100
(MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for fruit diameter in brinjal over mid

5.11 102
parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for fruit weight in brinjal over mid parent
5.12 103
(MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for yield per plant in brinjal over mid
5.13 105
parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for yield per plot in brinjal over mid
5.14 107
parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for yield per hectare in brinjal over mid
5.15 110
parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard check

Per cent heterosis for number of seeds / fruit in brinjal over

5.16 112
mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and check

Per cent heterosis for Infestation of shoot and fruit borer

5.17 (%) in brinjal over mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and 114
Standard check

Per cent heterosis for leaf chlorophyll content (%) in brinjal

5.18 over mid parent (MP), better parent (BP) and Standard 116
check

Analysis of variance for combing ability for different 118-

6
characters in brinjal (L x T ) 119

Pooled analysis of variance for combing ability for different 121-

7
characters in brinjal (L x T ) 122

Estimates of general combing ability (gca) effects for 124-

8
different characters in brinjal (L x T ) 128

ii
 Estimates of specific combing ability (sca) effects for 135-
9
different characters in brinjal (L x T) 140

Estimates of variance and their ratio for different characters 145-

10
in brinjal (L x T) 146

Per cent contribution of females, males and females x

11 147
males to total sum of squares of crosses

Parents showing superior per se performance for different

12 152
characters

Top ranking crosses showing superior per se performance 154-

13
for more number of characters. 155

Range of heterosis(%) for eighteen characters in brinjal

14 158
(Pooled mean)

Potential crosses based on significant average heterosis,

heterobeltiosis, and useful heterosis in desirable direction
15 160
for yield per plant and other yield components (over pooled
mean)

GCA effects of promising parents in desirable direction for 162-

16
yield and other traits over two seasons (pooled mean) 163

SCA effects of promising crosses in desirable direction for 167-

17
yield and other traits over two seasons (pooled mean) 168

Promising crosses on the basis of mean performance,

heterobeltiosis, useful heterosis, GCA effects and SCA
18 169
effects for yield per plant and contributing characters. (over
pooled mean)

iii
(C) List of Plates

Caption After
Plate
Page

1 Female(four) parents used 34

2 Male (seven) parents and Standard check(one) used 34

3 Field view of Experimental plot. 35

Field visit of Advisory Committee and faculty

4 35
members.

5 Crosses 82

6 Crosses 82

7 Crosses 82

8 Crosses 82

Promissing crosses exhibited heterobeltiosis for yield

9 169
per plant and contributing characters

Promissing crosses exhibited heterobeltiosis for yield

10 169
per plant and contributing characters

iv
 (D) Abbreviations

% : Per cent
/ : Per

-2 : Variance
°C : degree Celsius
CD : Critical difference
cm : Centimeter
CV : Coefficient of variation
d. f. : Degrees of freedom
Dr. PDKV : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth
E.M.S. : Error Mean Sum of Square
et al. : et alia (and associates)
etc. : Et cetera
g : Gram
GCA/gca : General combining ability
GM : Grand mean
ha : Hectare
i.e. : That is
Kg/ha : Kilogram per hectare
MT : Million tones
No. : Number
NS : Non- significant
q : Quintal
SCA/sca : Specific combining ability
SE ± : Standard Error of Mean
S.S. : Sum of squares
Sr. : Serial Number
sp. : Species
var. : Variety
viz., : Videlicent(Namely)
BP : Better parent
MP : Mid parent
M.S.S. : Mean sum of squares

v
(E) Glossary

Additive gene effect: Effect of different polygenes affecting a quantitative

character being cumulative or additive in nature. It refers to straight line
function of polygenes.
Additive variance : Average effect of alleles on all segregating loci. It
results when there is lack of dominance.
Allele: One of two or more alternative forms of a gene occupying the same
locus on a particular chromosome.
Analysis of variance : A statistical procedure that splits the total variation
into different components.
Anthesis:The time of flowering in a plant, the opening of a flower bud,or
the time when the stigma is ready to receive the pollen.
Average heterosis: Superiority of a hybrid over the mean value of its
parents.
Biometrics: The science which deals with the application of statistical
concepts and procedures to the study of biological problems.
Coefficient of variation: The standard variation expressed as per cent of
the mean.
Combining ability : The ability of a genotype to transmit superior
performance to its crosses.
Degree of freedom (DF): The number of items of data that are free to vary
Independently.
Dehiscence: the busting at maturity of a pod or capssule along a definate
line or lines.
Dominance: The quality of one of a pair of alleles that completely
supresses the expression of the other member of the pair when both are
present.
Epistatis: The non receprocal interaction of non allelic genes i.e.
expression of gene is affected by another gene and vice-versa.
F1: The obtained by crossing two different genotype.
Full sib : Progeny of the mating of two individuals.
Gene action : The mode of expression of genes in various characters of a
population.

vi
General combining ability : Average performance of a strain in a series of
cross combinations.
Genotype: The genetic constitution i.e. gene make up of an organism.
Genotypic variance: Component of total variance due to genetic
difference among the genotypes.
Half sib: Progeny having one parent in common.
Heterobeltiosis : The superiority of hybrid over its better parents.
Heterosis : Superiority of progeny over parents.
Hybrid: The progeny of cross between genetically dissimilar parents.
Inbred: In cross pollinated species, a true breeding line obtained by
continuous inbreeding.
Inheritance: The transmission of genetic information from parents to its
progeny.
Line x Tester analysis: A modified form of top cross use for measuring
general combining ability and specific combining ability variances and
effects in large number of germplasm lines at a time.
Non-additive gene action : Joint effects of dominance and additive x
dominance and dominance x dominance epstatis.
Overdominance: The phenomenon in which the characters of the
heterozygote is expressed more markedly in the phenotype than in that of
either homozygote.
Partial domiance: The production of an intermediate phenotype in
individual heterozygous for the gene concerned .
Range: The difference between the largest and smallest item of the series.
Specific combining ability : The deviation of a particular cross from the
general combining ability.
Variance : A measure of variability which is the average of the square of
deviation of the observation from the mean of a sample drawn from a
population.
Yield component: The component or attributes which finally make up or
control yield of any crop.

vii
F) Thesis Abstract

a. Title of the thesis : “GENETIC ANALYSIS OF F1 HYBRIDS

b. Name of student
c. Name and Address of
Major Advisor
d. Degree to be awarded
e. Year of award of degree
f. Major subject
g. Total number of pages
in the thesis
h. Total number of words
in thesis abstract
i. Signature of the student
j. Signature, name and
address of forwarding
authority
IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)”
: Ratiram Ishwar Khobragade
: Dr. P. K. Nagre,
Professor of Horticulture and Associate
Dean, PGI, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh
Krishi Vidyapeeth, AKOLA –444104 (M.S.)
: Ph.D. (Horticulture)
: 2018
: Vegetable Science
: 185
: 535
:
:

Head,
Department of Horticulture
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi
Vidyapeeth, Akola.

ABSTRACT

The investigation entitled “Genetic analysis of F1 hybrids in

brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was undertaken at Main Garden,
Department of Horticulture, Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth,
Akola. Eleven genotypes (Aruna, Bhandara local, Wadsa local, Bhatai
local, Manjarigota, Chandur local, Ruchira, Krishna Kathi, White Round,
DBSR-52, White Brinjal) were crossed in line x tester mating design during

viii
kharif 2013. All parents and resultant crosses with standard check Phule
Arjun(F1) were evaluated during Kharif and summer season of 2014-15 in
Randamised Block Design with three replications. The observations were
recorded on various growth, flowering, yield and quality aspects.

The parents, Bhatai local, Aruna, Ruchira, White Brinjal,

Wadsa local and Chandur local, while the crosses, Aruna x Ruchira, Bhatai
local x Ruchira , Aruna x Chandur local, Wadsa local x Ruchira, Bhatai
local x DBSR-52, Aruna x DBSR-52, Wadsa local x Chandur local and
Wadsa local x DBSR-52 were found as best parents and hybrids
respectively as evident from per se performance.

The analysis of variance for treatments was highly significant

for all the characters over both the seasons. The variance due to parents,
females, males, female x male were significant for most of the characters.
Whereas the variance due to interaction of parents x season, crosses x
season and (parents Vs crosses) x season were also significant for most of
the characters. The analysis for combining ability revealed the significant
differences due to females, males, female x males, crosses, seasons,
crosses x seasons, female x seasons, male x seasons and (females Vs
males) x seasons, for most of the characters.

The crosses, Wadsa local x Ruchira, Wadsa local x Chandur,

Wadsa local x DBSR-52, Bhatai local x DBSR-52, Aruna x DBSR-52,
Bhatai local x Ruchira, Aruna x Chandur local and Aruna x Ruchira were
identified as potential crosses on the basis of average heterosis,
heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis; which manifested heterotic effects
for growth, earliness and quality traits.

Among female parents, Bhatai local, Wadsa local, Aruna and

among male parents, DBSR-52, Ruchira, Chandur local were identified as
good combiner for growth, flowering (earliness), higher yield and quality
characters.

Six crosses viz., Bhandara local x Manjari Gota, Wadsa local

x Chandur local, Wadsa local x White brinjal, Wadsa local x Ruchira, Aruna

ix
x Chandur local and Bhatai local x Ruchira exhibited significant sca effects
for yield per plant and yield per hectare.

The crosses viz., Wadsa local x Ruchira, Wadsa local x

Chandur local, Bhatai local x Ruchira and Aruna x Chandur local were
identified as promising hybrids on the basis of better per se performance,
high standard heterosis in desirable direction, significant sca effects and
both the parents involved in these crosses had good combining ability
effects for yield per plant and most of the characters studied.

Additive gene action was found to be predominant for all the

characters in pooled mean, except plant spread where non-additive gene
action was predominant. Analysis of genetic components of variation
revealed that the importance of additive gene action operating in
inheritance of yield and its important components. The information on
nature and magnitude of genetic makeup of yield and its components thus
obtained could be useful to the brinjal breeder in formulating an efficient
breeding programme to achieve desired genetic improvement in this
important vegetable crop.

x
 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF F1 HYBRIDS IN
BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)

THESIS

Submitted to
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the Degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
IN
HORTICULTURE
(VEGETABLE SCIENCE)

By
KHOBRAGADE RATIRAM ISHWAR

DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
POST GRADUATE INSTITUTE,

DR. PANJABRAO DESHMUKH KRISHI VIDYAPEETH,

KRISHINAGAR PO, AKOLA (MS) 444104

Enrolment Number – 0/223 2018

xi
 DECLARATION OF STUDENT

I hereby declare that the experimental work and its interpretation

of the thesis entitled “GENETIC ANAYSIS OF F1 HYBRIDS IN BRINJAL
(Solanum melongena L.)” or part thereof has neither been submitted for
any other degree or diploma of any University, nor the data have been derived
from any thesis/ publication of any University or scientific organization. The
source of materials used and all assistance received during the course of
investigation have been duly acknowledged.

Place: Akola (Khobragade Ratiram Ishwar)

Date: / 07 / 2018 Enrolment No. O/223

xii
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “GENETIC

ANALYSIS OF F1 HYBRIDS IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)”
submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
“Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture (Vegetable Science)” of Dr.
Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola is a record of bonafide
research work carried out by Khobragade Ratiram Ishwar under my
guidance and supervision.
The subject of the thesis has been approved by the
Student’s Advisory Committee.

(Dr. P. K. Nagre)
Place: Akola Chairman,
Date: /07/2018 Advisory Committee
Countersigned

Associate Dean,
Post Graduate Institute,
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola.

THESIS APPROVED BY THE STUDENT’S ADVISORY COMMITTEE

INCLUDING EXTERNAL EXAMINER (AFTER VIVA-VOCE)

1. Chairman Dr. P.K. Nagre _______________

2. Member Dr. V.S. Kale ________________

3. Member Dr. N.R. Potdhuke ________________

4. Member Dr. S.K. Aherkar ________________

5. Member Dr. S.W. Jahagirdar ________________

6. External Examiner ( ) ________________

xiii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

While travelling on path of life and education many minds and

hands pushed me forward, learned souls put me on the right path and
enlighted me with their knowledge and experience. Words cannot express
my profound sense of gratitude and devoted thanks to them all, without
which it would never become possible, me to achieve this tremendous
academic exercise and goal in life. It is my great privilege and immense
pleasure to acknowledge all persons who have been helpful during the
entire course of investigation.
With deep sense of veneration and gratitude, I express my
profound indebtedness to Dr.P.K. Nagre, Professor of Horticulture and
Associate Dean, Post Graduate Institute, Dr.PDKV, Akola and Chairman of
my Advisory Committee, for suggesting the research problem, versed
advice, sustained interest, valuable and generous guidance and
constructive criticism during the course of investigation and preparation.
I am highly obliged to Dr. V.S. Kale, Professor of Horticulture,
University Department of Horticulture and Co-chairman of my Advisory
committee, for his wise counseling, constant encouragement and above all
the ever-willing help during this endeavor.
I am also highly grateful to the members of my advisory
committee, to Dr. N.R. Potdukhe, Senior Research Scientist (Wheat), Dr.
PDKV, Akola, Dr. S.K. Aherkar, Professor of Entomolgy, Dr. PDKV,
Akola and Dr. S.W. Jahagirdar, Ex. Associate Professor of Statistics, Dr.
PDKV, Akola for their timely suggestions throughout the course of this
investigation and valuable counsel and keen interest while completing this
manuscript.
I am too much thankful to Dr. D. M. Panchabhai, Head,
Department of Horticulture, Dr.PDKV. Akola for his inspiration, guidance
and valuable help.
I owe my gratitude to Dr. V. N. Dod, Ex. Head, Department of
Horticulture, Dr. PDKV, Akola for providing the valuable suggestions time to
time.

xiv
 It is my privilege to accord the sincere thanks to the course
teachers of Ph.D. programme, Dr. V. U. Raut, Dr. P.M. Chandan, Dr.T.H.
Rathod, Dr. R.M. Walke and Dr. S.B. Amarshettiwar for their constant
inspiration, advice and help rendered during the research work.
I express my deep sence of gratitude to Dr. S. G. Bharad,
Professor of Horticulture, Dr. A.P. Wagh, Professor of Horticulture, Dr. A.
Sonkamble, Professor of Horticulture, Dr. S. R. Patil, Professor of
Horticulture, Dr.D.H.Paithankar and Dr.U.A.Raut, Assistant professor of
Horticulture, for their encouragement and valuable guidance.
I expresss my cordial and sincere thanks to Dr.P.S.Joshi,
Assistant Professor and Ex.Officer Incharge, Shri P.S.Umbarkar (SRA),
Shri H.S. Wadekar (Agril.Asstt), Shri S.L.Wankhade (Agril. Asstt.) and all
field workers of Main garden, Department of Horticulture, Dr. PDKV, Akola
for providing required facilities and resources.
Diction is not enough to express my special debt of gratitude
to my loving, caring batch mates and friends, Dr. Rajendra S. Wankhade
(Asstt. Prof.of Hort.), Mr.Pramod Panchabhai (Asstt.Prof.of Ento), Dr.
Shivaji S. Yadlod (Prof.of Hort.), Dr. S.D.Bantewad (Asso.Prof of Ento.),
Mr.Vikky N. Nandeshwar, Dr. Madan Wandhare (Asstt. Prof. of
Agril.Botany), Mr.Pritam Chirde, Mr. Vishal Bagde, Dr. P. H. Ulemale, Dr.
A.F. Bhogave, Dr.A. M. Apturkar, Dr. Sonali Wankhade and Dr. Athen
Chamroy.
Words cannot express the heartfelt gratitude for my most
revered father Shri Ishwar Y. Khobragade, my beloved wife Sau.
Bhagyashri Khobragade, my doughter Vidisha, Anushka, my brother Uttam,
my brother in law Gautam Dupare, my best friend Raju Ramteke, Waman
More and all family relatives who gave me moral strength to achieve this
seemingly invincible goal, made by education possible and brought me to
the present level.
At last I am very much thankful to the authors of the research
articles, which I have gone through and cited in this manuscript.
Place :
Date : (Ratiram I. Khobragade )

xv
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Particulars Page

A List of Tables i

C List of Plates iv

D List of Abbreviation v

E Glossary vi

F Thesis Abstract viii

I INTRODUCTION 1-7

II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 8-32

III MATERIAL AND METHODS 33-49

IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 50-171

V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 172-178

VI LITERATURE CITED 179-185

VITA

Appendices

xvi
 VITA

1. Name of Student : Ratiram Ishwar Khobragade

2. Date of Birth : 26th April, 1972

3. Name of the College : PGI, Dr. PDKV, Akola

4. Residential Address : At-Wahi, Post + Taluka-Paoni,

Dist.-Bhandara
along with Phone No Pin – 441910
Mobile No: 08446773520
5. Academic qualifications :

Sr. Name of Degrees Year in Division Name of Subjects

No awarded which / class awarding
obtained university
Agricultural
First Dr.PDKV,
1. B.Sc. (Agri.) 1994 and Allied
Class Akola
Science
M.Sc. (Agri.) in First Dr.PDKV,
2. 1996 Horticulture
Horticulture Class Akola
ASRB,
3 NET 2012 - Horticulture
New Delhi

6. Research papers : 06
published (if any)
7. Field of Interest : Research and Development
(In which you desire to work)

Place : Akola Signature of Student

Date : /07/2018

xvii
 APPENDIX-I

Weekly weather Data for the Year 2014 recorded at Agro-Meteorology Observatory, Dr. PDKV, Akola

Actual 2014 Normal 1971-2010

T MAX (oC) T MIN (oC) BSH (hrs) WS RH I (%) RH II (%) Evap RF CRF Rainy Days
(km/hr) (mm) (mm) (mm)
Weeks

Dates

N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A
31 30-5 Aug 30.9 31.6 23.3 24.2 3.5 3.2 10.6 7.6 86 89 67 66 4.6 6.0 49.6 16.4 404.8 2.4 1.0
32 6-12 29.9 32.2 23.0 23.6 3.2 5.9 10.9 11.9 88 87 70 48 4.1 8.3 61.0 13.7 418.5 2.8 2.0
33 13-19 30.4 33.6 23.0 23.6 4.0 6.9 12.4 9.5 87 89 67 46 4.5 7.1 35.9 6.9 425.4 2.0 2.0
34 20-26 30.4 33.8 22.8 23.6 4.1 5.6 11.9 1.9 87 92 67 57 4.3 4.1 42.5 28.9 454.3 1.9 4.0
35 27-2 Sep 30.5 29.1 22.7 22.4 4.2 2.1 9.3 4.1 87 94 66 81 4.6 5.0 42.4 73.6 527.9 2.1 5.0
36 3-9 31.0 28.8 22.5 22.7 5.3 3.3 8.6 8.7 87 93 62 65 5.3 7.0 33.6 109.2 637.1 1.5 3.0
37 10-16 32.1 30.3 22.4 22.6 6.6 4.2 8.0 7.3 85 88 57 65 5.1 5.7 22.0 0.7 637.8 1.1 0.0
38 17-23 32.9 32.5 22.4 23.1 6.8 6.0 6.4 6.4 84 90 55 56 5.2 5.2 23.7 0.5 638.3 1.4 0.0
39 24-30 33.5 34.5 22.1 20.7 7.3 8.5 5.1 1.0 84 81 50 37 5.0 4.2 24.4 2.0 640.3 1.4 0.0
40 1-7 Oct 33.7 36.5 21.2 21.1 7.6 7.4 4.8 1.4 82 73 47 29 5.4 5.2 23.4 0.0 640.3 1.1 0.0
41 8-14 34.0 36.8 19.8 20.9 8.1 5.6 4.5 1.7 78 66 40 26 5.3 5.4 13.1 0.0 640.3 0.7 0.0
42 15-21 33.7 34.5 18.3 21.8 8.2 5.6 4.6 1.4 76 76 37 37 5.3 5.6 6.1 0.0 640.3 0.4 0.0
43 22-28 33.1 31.9 16.8 18.0 8.3 4.3 4.4 1.1 74 77 34 37 5.3 4.0 7.6 0.0 640.3 0.4 0.0
44 29-4 Nov 32.7 33.8 16.0 15.9 8.4 7.9 4.1 1.3 73 68 32 21 5.3 4.7 2.3 0.0 640.3 0.2 0.0
45 5-11 32.3 33.5 15.2 16.6 8.4 6.5 3.9 1.4 71 69 32 28 5.1 5.2 3.0 0.0 640.3 0.2 0.0
46 12-18 31.6 30.0 14.6 20.4 8.3 3.2 3.9 2.2 73 87 32 46 4.8 3.5 5.3 20.1 660.4 0.2 2.0
47 19-25 31.0 31.7 13.3 12.9 8.4 7.4 3.7 0.9 72 72 30 16 4.6 4.2 7.7 0.0 660.4 0.3 0.0
48 26-2 Dec 30.5 32.2 12.8 12.4 8.4 7.2 3.6 0.6 71 75 32 15 4.4 3.6 5.5 0.0 660.4 0.3 0.0
49 3-9 30.0 30.8 11.9 10.9 8.4 8.3 3.8 0.9 71 73 30 18 4.3 4.4 1.0 0.0 660.4 0.1 0.0
50 10-16 29.6 29.5 10.9 14.4 8.4 4.7 3.6 1.5 71 74 28 33 4.2 4.6 0.8 0.9 661.3 0.1 0.0
51 17-23 29.5 26.4 10.8 6.9 8.5 8.3 3.8 1.6 70 71 29 16 4.1 5.0 0.9 0.0 661.3 0.1 0.0
52 24-31 29.1 28.6 11.1 8.3 8.3 8.6 4.5 1.5 71 69 30 16 4.2 5.2 2.6 0.0 661.3 0.2 0.0

xviii
 APPENDIX-II
Weekly weather Data for the Year 2015 recorded at Agro-Meteorology Observatory, Dr. PDKV, Akola
Actual 2015 Normal 1971-2010
Week Dates T MAX (oC) T MIN (oC) BSH (hrs) WS (km/hr) RH I (%) RH II (%) Evap (mm) RF (mm) CRF Rainy Days
(mm
N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A N A
1 1-7 Jan 28.8 23.7 11.0 13.4 8.2 4.2 4.4 1.1 71 88 31 49 4.2 3.3 2.8 51.4 51.4 0.2 2.0
2 8-14 29.3 26.9 11.7 7.0 8.3 9.1 4.4 0.7 71 81 30 14 4.4 4.0 3.3 0.0 51.4 0.2 0.0
3 15-21 30.0 27.8 12.0 10.1 8.6 8.3 4.5 1.5 68 77 28 28 4.9 5.2 0.7 0.0 51.4 0.1 0.0
4 22-28 30.6 29.3 12.0 15.3 8.8 6.1 4.6 2.4 65 86 26 35 5.2 6.2 0.9 0.0 51.4 0.1 0.0
5 29-4 Feb 31.0 29.5 12.6 11.9 8.8 8.3 4.9 1.9 62 71 25 23 5.5 6.2 3.0 0.0 51.4 0.2 0.0
6 5-11 31.4 31.1 12.7 14.7 8.8 7.6 5.0 2.9 59 73 23 27 5.9 6.5 3.7 4.0 55.4 0.3 1.0
7 12-18 32.7 32.4 14.4 12.9 9.0 9.0 5.4 1.9 55 64 22 19 6.6 5.1 0.1 0.0 55.4 0.0 0.0
8 19-25 33.4 35.2 14.5 14.2 9.1 9.0 5.7 1.8 54 60 21 16 7.3 5.4 2.5 0.0 55.4 0.2 0.0
9 26-4 Mar 35.0 30.4 15.7 15.0 9.5 6.7 6.1 3.7 50 65 18 31 8.2 5.7 4.1 27.7 83.1 0.3 2.0
10 5-11 35.9 33.3 17.3 15.6 9.2 9.0 6.1 2.4 46 70 20 23 8.8 5.2 5.2 0.0 83.1 0.3 0.0
11 12-18 37.0 31.4 18.1 18.1 9.1 7.4 6.3 3.5 45 81 18 33 9.2 5.3 2.4 15.1 98.2 0.3 2.0
12 19-25 38.4 36.9 19.3 18.7 9.2 8.9 6.4 2.4 39 53 15 12 10.4 5.7 0.6 0.0 98.2 0.1 0.0
13 26-1 Apr 39.0 38.8 20.4 20.3 9.2 7.9 6.9 2.4 37 50 15 15 11.2 5.6 2.2 0.0 98.2 0.2 0.0
14 2-8 Apr 40.0 38.5 21.7 22.7 9.4 8.6 7.3 6.8 37 46 14 18 11.7 9.5 1.0 0.0 98.2 0.1 0.0
15 9-15 40.8 35.2 23.1 20.0 9.5 7.0 8.4 3.8 35 77 14 32 12.9 6.2 0.4 52.3 150.5 0.1 2.0
16 16-22 41.6 38.1 24.1 23.4 9.7 8.7 8.6 3.2 36 53 14 17 13.9 6.8 0.5 0.0 150.5 0.1 0.0
17 23-29 42.3 41.5 25.4 26.0 9.8 9.2 9.0 6.3 37 40 15 11 14.7 10.1 0.5 0.0 150.5 0.1 0.0
18 30- 6 May 42.6 42.4 26.6 26.6 9.4 9.0 10.5 7.0 39 38 15 10 15.5 9.5 0.8 0.0 150.5 0.1 0.0
19 7-13 42.6 42.9 27.1 26.2 9.7 8.4 12.2 4.2 42 34 17 14 16.2 7.3 1.3 1.0 151.5 0.1 0.0
20 14-20 42.5 41.7 27.7 27.5 9.4 6.9 14.2 5.5 47 48 19 18 16.8 8.4 2.8 0.4 151.9 0.4 0.0
21 21-27 42.1 43.5 27.8 29.0 9.5 9.8 15.1 14.9 50 55 20 18 16.9 16.6 3.8 0.0 151.9 0.4 0.0
22 28-3 Jun 41.7 43.7 27.8 29.3 9.4 8.4 15.2 10.3 53 43 23 19 16.2 14.1 6.3 0.0 151.9 0.4 0.0
23 4-10 40.2 40.9 26.9 28.3 8.4 6.5 15.2 8.1 62 53 30 26 14.0 11.5 16.8 0.0 151.9 1.0 0.0
24 11-17 38.0 36.5 25.7 23.3 7.1 6.5 13.4 9.4 69 85 40 44 11.1 8.2 43.6 53.8 205.7 1.7 2.0
25 18-24 35.5 32.8 25.0 23.6 5.8 3.0 14.2 4.7 74 86 48 53 9.2 4.4 43.5 34.3 240.0 2.0 5.0
26 25-1Jul 33.8 36.2 24.3 25.1 4.8 7.0 12.8 12.8 80 73 55 37 7.4 10.8 43.4 0.0 240.0 2.2 0.0
27 2-8 33.2 36.4 24.0 25.3 4.8 7.0 12.0 15.3 81 66 58 35 6.5 14.5 39.4 0.0 240.0 2.2 0.0
28 9-15 32.3 35.8 23.8 26.2 3.8 5.0 11.2 15.7 83 65 60 40 5.5 15.9 42.8 0.0 240.0 2.5 0.0
29 16-22 31.9 32.6 23.6 24.7 4.0 3.4 10.4 13.0 84 75 63 58 5.2 7.8 52.8 26.2 266.2 2.4 2.0
30 23-29 31.3 31.3 23.3 22.4 4.0 2.1 10.8 6.5 86 84 64 61 4.8 4.8 43.4 45.9 312.1 2.6 5.0
31 30-5 Aug 30.9 31.6 23.3 22.5 3.5 4.9 10.6 13.3 86 85 67 62 4.6 6.6 49.6 226.5 538.6 2.4 2.0
32 6-12 29.9 28.9 23.0 22.6 3.2 0.4 10.9 8.7 88 90 70 71 4.1 3.5 61.0 40.7 579.3 2.8 4.0
33 13-19 30.4 30.3 23.0 23.1 4.0 4.1 12.4 7.9 87 86 67 66 4.5 3.8 35.9 36.5 615.8 2.0 2.0
34 20-26 30.4 33.6 22.8 23.0 4.1 7.3 11.9 8.0 87 80 67 48 4.3 5.2 42.5 0.0 615.8 1.9 0.0

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