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Title: Testing of Concrete Mix

Series: Concrete Materials and Mix Sub-series
Date:
 Tips
10. Consistency of liquid asphalt

11.Quality Test for Cement

12.Concrete Core Strength Test

 Opening course title
CONCRETE MATERIALS AND MIX SUB SERIES

TESTING OF
CONCRETE MIX
• Slump Test
• Making and Curing Test Specimens in the
field
• Determination of weight per cubic meter,
Yield and Air content of Concrete
• Determination of Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical concrete specimens
• Determination of Flexural Strength of
Concrete Beam Specimens
 SAMPLING OF FRESH CONCRETE

1. Sample of fresh concrete from which test specimens are

made shall be representative of the entire batch.

2. Elapsed time between obtaining the first and final

portions of composite samples shall not exceed 15
minutes.
3. Start tests for slump or air content within 5 minutes after
obtaining the final portion of the composite sample

4. Start molding specimens for strength tests within 15

minutes after fabricating the composite sample.
5. Sample the concrete from stationary mixers, (except
paving mixers) at two or more regularly spaced
intervals during discharge of middle portion of the
batch.

6. Sample the concrete from paving mixers after the

contents of the paving mixer have been discharged.
Obtain samples from at least five different portions
of the pile and then composite into one sample for
test purposes.

7. Sample the concrete from revolving drum truck

mixer or agitators at two or more regularly spaced
intervals during discharge of the middle portion of
the batch.
1st test: Slump test

SLUMP TEST
Apparatus needed : Slump mold
Tamping rod
Shovel, etc.
I. SLUMP TEST FOR CONSISTENCY OF PORTLAND
CEMENT CONCRETE
(AASHTO Designation: T 119)
(ASTM Designation C 143)

Mold shall be filled in 3 layers

Each layer be filled approx. 1/3 of the volume of mold
25 strokes/layer – (5/8 in.) 16 mm rod in dia., (24 in.) 600
mm in length

The consistency shall be recorded in terms of mm of

subsidence of the specimen during the test which shall be
known as the “SLUMP”
Slump = 305 mm – millimeter of height after subsidence

Slump

Ruler

Slump Cone
Dimension of Slump Cone:
Diameter of the base – 203 mm
Diameter of the top – 102 mm
Altitude – 305 mm
A well proportion workable mix will gradually slump
to lower elevations and retain its original identity while a poor
mix will crumble, segregate and fall apart.
Test procedure : Take a
representative sample
Dampen the mold
Fill mold in three layers
Rod each layer
Strike off the surface
Remove the mold
Measure the slump
 Tips
13. Concrete Pavement Slump

14.Flexural Strengh of COncrete

15.For a compacted Pavement, Stability value in

the Marshall Test represents
2nd test: Making and curing test
specimens
MAKING AND CURING
CONCRETE TEST
SPECIMENS IN THE
FIELD
Apparatus needed :Cylinder mold
Beam mold
Tamping rod
Shovel, etc.
Water storage tank
Sampling and mixing receptacle
II. MAKING AND CURING OF CONCRETE COMPRESSION
AND FLEXURE TEST SPECIMENS IN FIELD
(AASHTO Designation T 23)
(ASTM Designation C 31)

For the method of making and curing concrete specimens in the

laboratory (AASHTO Designation T126)

1. Molding of (cylindrical specimens) compression test specimens

3 layers
25 blows/layer

24” 12”

1 set (3 cylinders) for every 75 m3 or

fraction thereof, each day of pouring
6”

5/8” Rammer
2. Molding of (Beam) Flexure Test Specimens
For Concrete Pavement
Beam Specimens
A= L x W
= 21” x 6”
= 126 sq. in.
1 Blow per 2 sq. in.
6”

126 blows
= 63
2 layer
6”

21”
2 layers
63 blows / layer using the
same rammer as in concrete
cylinder sample
3. CURING
A. Application of water to counteract evaporation
• Ponding
• Sprinkling
• Spraying
• Wet burlap
• Wet Earth
• Wet Sand
• Saw Dust
• Straw

B. Application of water proof paper or moisture retention cover sealing

curing compound

* Continuous moist curing at a temperature range of 15.5oC –

37.5oC gives the best results
Molding the specimens.
For concrete cylinders: place
concrete in mold
For Beam specimens : Place
concrete in mold
Strike off top surface of cylinder
Strike off the top of beam sample
Take necessary precautions
Cure the specimen
Store in moist condition
 Tips
16. Atterberg limit test for non plastic item 200

17.Plasticity Index for item 201

18.Minimum Flexural Strength for Item 311

 4th test: Determination of
Compressive Strength…
DETERMINATION OF
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF CYLINDRICAL
CONCRETE SPECIMENS
Apparatus needed : Compression
Testing Machine
STRENGTH OF CYLINDRICAL CONCRETE SPECIMENS
(AASHTO Designation T 22)
(ASTM Designation C 39)

Rate of Loading for Compressive Strength test:

Load applied at a constant rate within range 20 to 50 psi / sec.
For Cylinder:
6”
Cross Sectional Area = IID2
4
Ac= 3.1416 (6”) = 28.27 in.2
2

4
12” Compressive Strength = 64,000 lbs X .006895 Mpa
28.27 in.2 psi
CS = 15.6 MPa

DPWH Spec’s (Blue Book)

Compressive Strength requirement – 24.1 Mpa (3,500 psi)
Min. at 14 days
Test procedure: Lower bearing block
Place test specimen
Align the axis of the specimen
Apply load continuously
Apply load until specimen fails
Record maximum load
 Calculate: Compressive Strength
Compressive P
=
Strength A
where :
P = Maximum Load
A = Average cross – sectional area
 Table
L/D 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00
Factor 0.98 0.96 0.93 0.87
5th test: Determination of Flexural
Strength…
DETERMINATION OF
FLEXURAL STRENGTH
OF CONCRETE BEAM
SPECIMENS
 III. STRENGTH DETERMINATION OF CONCRETE
TEST SPECIMENS (AASHTO T 97)
1. Flexural Strength of Beam Specimens
a. Third Point Loading Method

R= PL = P 18 = P in #
6” x 6” x 6” 12 in2
bd2
//////////////
1 in Min.
Where:
R = Modulus of rupture, psi or Mpa
D = L/3 Specimen
P = Load in lbs. or in tons
L = Span length in inches
L/3 L/3 l/3

b = base in inches
Span Length
d = depth
L
1. If the fracture occurs in the tension surface within the
middle third of the span length.
PL
R =
bd2

2. If the fracture occurs in the tension surface outside of

the middle third of the span length by not more than
5 percent of the span length.
R = 3 Pa
bd2
Where:
a = average distance between line of fracture and the
nearest support measured on the tension surface of the
beam.
Example: Flexural Strength using the third point loading
Method, FS
1
FS = 2.40 tons x 2204.6 lbs X = 440.92 psi
tons 12 in2

Mpa
FS = 440.92 psi x .006895 = 3.04 MPa
psi

DPWH Spec’s. – Blue Book

For Third Point Loading method:
FS requirement = 3.8 Mpa (550 psi) Min.
 b. Center Point Loading Method:

1 in. min.
(25 mm)

L/3

L/2 L/2
Span Length,
L

3 PL
R=
2 bd2

Where: R = Modulus of Rupture

P = Load
L = Span length
b – base
d = depth
DPWH Spec’s (Blue Book)
For Center Point Loading Method, FS requirement
= 4.5 Mpa (650 psi) Min.
Apparatus needed : Flexural Beam
Tester
Test procedure: Turn specimen on its
side
Center the loading system
Apply load continuously
Record maximum load
Take three measurements
 PL of rupture
Calculate: Modulus
R=
bd 2
where :
R = modules of rupture, k Pa
P = max. Applied load, N
L = span length, mm
b = average width of specimen, mm
d = average depth of specimen, mm
Calculate: Modulus of rupture
3Pa
R=
bd 2

where :
a = average distance between
the line of fracture and
the nearest support
measured on the tension
surface of the beam, mm
 Disregard the results
If the fracture occurs in the
tension surface outside of
the two previous instances,
disregard the results of the
test
 ACCEPTANCE OF CONCRETE

The strength level of the concrete will be considered

satisfactory if the averages of all three (3) consecutive
strength test results equal or exceed the specified strength,
and no individual strength test result is deficient by more
than 15% of the specified strength.

Concrete deemed to be not acceptable using the

above criteria may be rejected unless the contractor can
provide evidence, by means of core tests, that the quality
of concrete represented by failed test results is acceptable
in place.
 Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be
considered adequate if the average strength of the cores is
equal to at least 85% of, and if no single core is less than
75% of, the specified strength.

Payment of the concrete will be made at an adjusted

price due to strength deficiency of concrete specimens.
 Tips
19. Cement Content for Concrete

20. FDT for embankment materials

• Slump Test
Review: Slump test
• Slump Test
• Making and Curing
Review: Testand
Making Specimens in the
curing test
field specimen
• Slump Test
Review:
• Making Determination
and Curing of weight…
Test Specimens in the
field
• Determination of weight per cubic meter,
Yield and Air content of Concrete
• Slump Test
Review: Determination of
• Making and Curing Test Specimens in the
Compressive strength…
field
• Determination of weight per cubic meter,
Yield and Air content of Concrete
• Determination of Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical concrete specimens
• Slump Test
Review: Determination of Flexural
• Making and Curing Test Specimens in the
Strength…
field
• Determination of weight per cubic meter,
Yield and Air content of Concrete
• Determination of Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical concrete specimens
• Determination of Flexural Strength of
Concrete Beam Specimens
 Closing course title
CONCRETE MATERIALS AND MIX SUB SERIES

TESTING OF
CONCRETE MIX

The End
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