13. Properties of substance 2.

Which of the following principles in the closest interpretation of

the first law of thermodynamics for a closed system?
Practice Problems A. The mass within a closed control volume does not change.
B. The net energy crossing the system boundary equals the
1. When the volume of an ideal gas is doubled while the temperature change in energy inside the system.
is halved, the pressure is C. The change of total energy is equal to the rate of work
A. Doubled performed.
B. Quartered D. All real processes tend toward increased disorder.
C. Halved
D. Quadrupled 3. What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in the
flow systems?
2. 1.004 g of superheated ammonia occupy 500 mL. The internal A. Newton’s first law of motion
energy of the ammonia is 1.57 kJ. The pressure is four times B. Newton’s second law of motion
standard atmospheric pressure. What is most nearly the specific C. The first law of thermodynamics
enthalpy of the ammonia? D. The second law of thermodynamics
A. 1600 kJ/kg
B. 2000 kJ/kg 4. Steam flows into a turbine at a rate of 10 kg/s and 10 kW of heat
C. 1800 kJ/kg are lost from then turbine.
D. 2700 kJ/kg
Inlet conditions Exit conditions
Pressure 1.0 MPa 0.1 MPa
3. 0.8 kg of helium is in a cube-shaped vessel with edges measuring Temperature 350˚C -
1.3 m. The pressure is two times standard atmospheric pressure. Quality - 100%
What is most nearly the temperature of the helium?
A. 80K Elevation and kinetic energy effects are negligible. What is most
B. 130K nearly the power output from the turbine?
C. 160K A. 4000 kW
D. 270K B. 4400 kW
C. 4800 kW
4. A 5.4 kg mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and butane in a 3 m3 D. 5000 kW
container is at atmospheric pressure and has a temperature of
300K. What is most nearly the molecular weight of the mixture? 5. For which type of process is the equation dQ=TdS valid?
A. 28 kg/kmol A. Irreversible
B. 32 kg/kmol B. Isothermal
C. 44 kg/kmol C. Reversible
D. 58 kg/kmol D. Isobaric

5. An ideal gas inside a closed system is initially at atmospheric 6. Steam is quickly compressed by a piston in a cylinder with a
pressure and a temperature of 300K. The pressure is increased by compression ratio of 4:1. Before compression, the temperature of
0.5 bar. Most nearly, what is the final temperature of the gas? the steam is 400K, and the steam is at atmospheric pressure. After
A. 150K compression, the temperature of the steam is 600K, what is most
B. 200K nearly the work per unit mass done by the piston?
C. 300K A. 300 kJ/kg
D. 450K B. 315 kJ/kg
C. 325 kJ/kg
6. A 1 m long cylindrical vessel with a diameter of 0.5 m contains D. 330 kJ/kg
water in a saturated thermodynamic state. The total internal
energy of the water is 36.93 MJ, and the density is approximately 7. Steam enters an isentropic turbine at an initial pressure of
1 g/cm3. What is most nearly the specific internal energy? 800mkPa. As the steam leaves the turbine, its pressure is 120 kPa
A. 47 kJ/kg and its quality is 0.94. The mass flow rate is 1.7 kg/s. kinetic and
B. 190 kJ/kg potential energy changes are insignificant. What is most nearly
C. 240 kJ/kg the power produced by the turbine?
D. 470 kJ/kg A. 370 kW
B. 570 kW
Laws of Thermodynamics C. 600 kW
D. 960 kW
Practice Problems
8. Superheated steam at 300˚C enters a turbine 1MPa. The mixture
1. The forebay of a dam feeds 900 Mg/s of water to an electrical of saturated liquid water and steam leaving the turbine is at
generating plant. The water has a specific volume of 0.001 m3/kg. atmospheric pressure and has a quality of 0.87. No heat is lost in
It enters the generators at 900 kPa and leaves at 200 kPa. Kinetic the turbine, and the mass flow rate is 2 kg/s. What is most nearly
and potential energy changes are insignificant. What is most the work output of the turbine?
nearly the power generated by the dam? A. 500 kW
A. 180 MW B. 700 kW
B. 630 MW C. 1.1 MW
C. 810 MW D. 1.3 MW
D. 900 MW
9. 7 kg of neon is stored in a rigid tank at three times atmospheric
pressure and a temperature and a temperature of 70˚C. 30 kJ of
 heat is added to the neon. What is most nearly the final
temperature of the neon?
A. 70˚C
B. 73˚C
C. 74˚C
D. 77˚C

10. A device expends 130 kJ of energy while pressurizing 10 kg of

water initially at 17˚C. The isentropic efficiency of the device is
50%. Inefficiencies are represented by a heat loss from the device
casing. What is most nearly the final temperature of the water?
A. 18˚C
B. 19˚C
C. 20˚C
D. 21˚C

11. An adiabatic pump receives 1.5 kg/s of 15 kPa water and

discharges it at 15 Mpa. The specific volume of the entering water
is 0.001055 m3/kg. Consider the water to be incompressible. The
isentropic efficiency of the pump is 0.82. Velocity and elevation
changes are insignificant. The water does not increase in
temperature significantly. Most nearly, what is the minimum
electrical power required to drive the pump?
A. 13 kW
B. 20 kW
C. 23 kW
D. 30 kW

12. An engine operates at a constant temperature of 90˚C. Through a

reversible process, the engine’s work output is 5.3 kJ and the heat
loss is 4.7 kJ. What is most nearly the change in entropy during
the process?
A. 0.013 kJ/K
B. 0.014 kJ/K
C. 0.015 kJ/K
D. 0.016 kJ/K

13. In a heat treating process a 2 kg metal part (specific heat=0.5

kJ/kg.K) initially as 800˚C is quenched in a tank containing 200
kg of water initially at 20˚C. What is most nearly the total entropy
change of the process immediately after quenching?
A. 2.3 kJ/K (decrease)
B. 0.65 kJ/K (decrease)
C. 0.90 kJ/K (increase)
D. 1.4 kJ/K (increase)