Jurnal Teknik Sipil

Universitas Syiah Kuala

DISTRIBUTION OF INTERNAL SHEAR IN BEAM WITH THE ADDITION

BENDRAT WIRE FIBER ON THE SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF
HIGH STRENGTH REINFORCED CONCRETE

Yarmiza Anggriyani Fitri1, Teuku Budi Aulia2, Taufiq Saidi3

1)
Magister of Civil Engineering, Syiah Kuala University
Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111, email: mtsunsyiah@yahoo.co.id
2,3)
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Syiah Kuala University
Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111

Abstract : The development and progress of the world quite rapidly accrue followed by a large number of the
population led to an increase in the outstanding in the use of concrete. Concrete is widely used in the
construction of the building works and means of transportation such as bridges, highways and other
worksBasically the concrete has a high compressive strength, but had the ability to wiht stand the tensile and
shear forcew low. This can be fixed by added a fibber on mortar concrete. The addition of fiber for decreasing
the brittle and improving the survival of crack early (first crack) is a concrete it can be reached by adding
polypropylene fiber, bendrat wire fiber and rubber tiress fiber. The purpose of this research is to observe the
shear behavior of reinforced concrete beam with fiber is polypropylene fiber (PP), bendrat wire fiber and used
rubber tiress. In this study 4 beams tested with measuring 15 x 30 x 220 cm each fiber type has a beam
specimen and a beam specimen without the addition of fiber. Specimens designed for shear failure. The result
showed all the beams are having shear failure as planned.Cement water factor (FAS) 0.25, bendrat wire fiber
with a percentage of 2% of the volume of the concrete. The results showed a beam experiencing failed to slide
as planned. The test results showed a beam BMT with the addition of fiber has a maximum load 26.03 tonnes,
the first cracks occur on the load 5.10 tons. Beam with wire bendrat maximum load wire BMT 27.41 T, the first
cracks occur on the load 5.90 T. For the magnitude of the shear style capacity contributed by shear
reinforcement constann for all beams this is 1.653 T, while for a capacity of sliding style concrete donated by
each to BMT fiber without adding Vc = 4.52 T and fiber wire bendrat BMT value of Vc = 4.55 T.

Keywords: High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beam, Bendrat Wire Fiber, Shear Behavior, concrete shear
capacity (Vc), the capacity of the shear reinforcement (Vs).

GENERAL Dinh,(2010), the use of hooked steel fibesr in a

The development and progress of the world
quite rapidly accrue followed by a large number of the
population led to an increase in the outstanding in the
use of concrete. Concrete is widely used in the
construction of the building works and means of
transportation such as bridges, highways and other
works.
Basically the concrete has a hight compressive
strength, but had the ability to withstand the tensile
and shear style style. This can be fixed by adding a
fiber on the concrete mortar. The addition of fiber to
be less brittle and enhance resilience cracking early
(first crack) is a concrete one by wire bendrat fiber in
the concrete mix. The added fiber can consist of many
different types, the form of the surface, the length of
the fiber and the percentage number of fibers (fiber
volume fraction, Vf).
volume fraction greater than or equal to 0,75% led to
multiple diagonal cracking and substantial increase in
shear strength compares to reiforced concrete beams
wuthout stirrup reinforcement. All SFRC beams
sustained a peak shear srength of at least 0,33√𝑓′𝑐
MPa.
LITERATURE
High Strength Concrete (HSC) and Fibre Concrete
Concepts
Called with a high strength concrete according
to ACI 211.4 R-93 is a concrete which has strong
press cylinder exceed 40.8 MPa (6000 psi) up to 81.6
MPa (12000 psi) or ranging between 41 – 82 MPa.
The effort to get high strength concrete is to improve
the quality of constituent materials, such as hardness

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and fineness of the grains of aggregate cement. High
strength concrete mix in the execution of general use
building materials with a mixture of ingredients,
consisting of cement, water, aggregate (coarse and
fine), additive (silica fume, fly ash, and others) and
admixture (superplasticizer).
To obtain high strength concrete used the
amount of semen that is much more as compared to
normal concrete to produce cement water factor value
(FAS). Manufacture of concrete with a mixture of 5
Figure 1 Comparison of Srength-Strain Curves in High Strength Concrete and Normal Concrete
Source : Clifford, 1999
Additive
1. Bendrat wire fiber
The addition of fiber reinforcement on aim to
give concrete spread evenly into a concrete mix with a
certain percentage, so that is expected to reduce the
occurrence of cracking in concrete tensile areas due to
the influence of loading, the influence of shrinkage on
concrete or the influence of the heat of hydration. The
strong pull of concrete is influenced by the form and
content of fiber used, in this case the fiber wire
bendrat wire fiber is software that is used for binding
steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete
construction. In general the bendrat wire diameter
this material will impact significantly on the mikro
structure changes compared to convensional concrete
on microstructures, such as on the product hydration
and pore structure, and interface (layer between
aggregate grains with the cement paste), as well as
influential on the mechanical properties of materials
that will affect the nature of concrete, such as the
strength of the concrete, the modulus of elasticity, the
behavior of the devastation, and durabilitasnya
(Clifford, 1999).
0.75 mm has the strong pull of 385 N/mm2 with
gravity 6.68 gr/cm3
Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams
Beam shear strength
In planning of shear strength, McCormac (2001 :
240) reviewed the nominal shear strength (Vn) as the
sum of two parts :
Ø Vn = Ø (Vc + Vs) ................................ (1)
Where :
Vn = Nominal shear strength (kg);
Vc = Shear strength contributed by concrete(kg);
Vs = Shear strength contributed by shear
reinforcement (kg), and
Ø = Reduction factor (0,75
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Figure 2. Distribution of internal shear in beam with beam reinforcement

Source : ACI-ASCE Committe 426 (1973)
Vs = Nominal shear force provided by the
Web reinforcement has three pimary effects on reinforcement stirrup (N);
the strength of a beam, it carries part of the shear. It Av = Cross-sectional area of reinforcing cross
carries part of the shear (Vs), it restricts the growth of bar (mm2);
the diagonal tension crack width and thereby helps fy = Yield shear reinforcement (MPa);
maintain the interface shear transfer (Vcz), it holds d = Height effectively reinforced concrete
the longitudinal bars and increase theirs dowel beam section (mm); and
capacity (Vd). In additioin on these three actions, s = Distance center to center of shear
stirrups may transfer a small force across the crack by reinforcement member parallel towards the
dowel action and they tend to enhase the strength bof principal longitudinal reinforcement (mm).
the compression zone by confining the concrete.
The capacity of the concrete capabilities
RESEARCH METHODS
(without shear reinforcement) to withstand shear
forces can be calculated using Equation (2) : Planning of HSC Beams using reinforcement with
Variation in Fiber
1 
Vc =  f ' c bw d ............................ (3) (2.11)
6 
where : The concrete used was high strength concrete
Vc = Shear capacity of concrete ( N ); with addition of polypropylene fiber, wire bendrat
f’c = Compressive strength of concrete (MPa); fiber and rubber tiress fiber. The size of the beam to
bw = Width of beam (mm); and be used, measuring 150 x 300 x 2200 mm.
d = Effective cross section of the concrete Preliminary calculations of the bending moment
Height (mm). capacity is done in order to get an idea of whether the
planned test object beam shear failure.
According Nawy (1998 : 162 ) , for shear
Based on the analysis conducted to get the test
reinforcement , Vs can be calculated using Equation
objects fail to withstand the shear failure capacity then
(8) :
come by size and number of reinforcement as shown
Vs = Av f y d ............................................... (4) (2.12)
s in the following table then come by size and number

where : of reinforcement as shown in the following table.

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Table 1. The number and variation of Test Objects Treatment

Reinforcement
Test Dimension
Principal Reinforcement of
Material Type Objects Beams Total
Stress Tensionm Shear (mm)
Beams (mm)
(mm) (mm)
High Strength
Reinforced Concrete 150 x 300 x
BMTG 2 D 15.8 4 D 18.9 Ø5.68 – 300 1
Beams Polypropylene 2200
fiber
High Strength
Reinforced Concrete BMTG 150 x 300 x
2 D 15.8 4 D 18.9 Ø5.68 – 300 1
Beams Bendrat wire SB 2200
Fiber

RESEARCH PROCEDURES - The number of cracks

- Width of crack
Planning of HSC Beams using b. Deflection compared to the other two beams
specimen;
reinforcement
c. The maximum load carried by the beams, and
Set up test beam specimen can be seen in
d. The pattern of destruction.
Figure 7. The observed behavior is as follows :
a. Cracks that occurred:
- Cracks beginning
- The pattern of cracks

Figure 3. .Set Up Test Beam Specimen

Data results of yield srength, yield strain and
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION modulus of elasticity of steel for each diameter are
1. The result tensile strength of steel testing shown in Table 2 below.

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Table 2. Calculation Of Tensile Test Result Of Steel

Yield Modulus
Name of Yield Modulus
Diameter tension Yield Elasticity Bar
No Test Tension Elasticity
Average Strain average Type
Objects
(mm) Mpa Mpa Gpa Gpa
BU.1 509,30 0,002 255,41
1 18,9 BU.2 483,83 505,05 0,002 249,91 246,98 Ulir

BU.2 522,03 0,002 235,63

BU.1 407,44 0,002 191,46
2 15,8 407,44 202,92 Ulir
BU.2 407,44 0,002 214,38
BU.1 394,65 0,002 202,18
2 5,68 405,21 215,54 Polos
BU.2 410,49 0,002 219,81
BU.3 410,49 0,002 224,62

Comparison of test result with HSC shear beam
fiber addition variation
Strain and strength steel shear
Strain and strength steel sheer at strain gauge
number
Here is a Picture 9, Chart of Relationship
Srength-Strain tension steel on the strain gauge to
variation addition fiber

Picture 4, Chart of Relationship Srength-Strain tension steel on the strain gauge to variation addition fiber
Distribustion at internal Shear in Beams with web
reinforcement
Based on Figure 5, it can be seen that the
variation of the HSC beam with the addition of fiber
has a nominal shear strength provided by shear
reinforcement (Vs) have the same value for all beams
is 1,653 ton. while nominal shear strength provided by
concrete (Vc) head different values for all of the
beams. As for the HSC beam without the addition of
fiber has a value of Vc = 4.52 T. For HSC beam with
the addition HSC beam with bendrat wire fiber has a
Vc = 4,57 ton. From the figure can also be seen the
Vc value very large compared to the Vs Value
because this beam is hig strength concrete. The Vc
had different values between the right and left due to
the strain gauge righ between the sum ( 1+2) and left
(4+6) has a different amount of strain gauge as there
are who do not yield to maxiumum load.

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Figure 5. Chart of Distribution at internal Shear in Beams with Web Reinforcement.

customize the failure condition test sspeciment shear
2. Crack and failure failure.
The concluded that addition of bendrat wire fiber
can increase the burden of the occurence of the cracks
Tabel 2. The Resutl of Capacity
beginning with range of 5,10 ton to 5,90 ton. The
amount of cracking more and more along with the
First Crack Maximum
addition of the load. Crac on the beam starts with Name Of Objects
load (ton) Load (ton)
some subtle vertical crack (flexural bending failure)
followed by damage on the bonding shear HSC Without Fiber 5,1 26,03
reinforcement and concrete, so that the diagonal
HSC Adding
crack. Crack undergone extension diaoginally until 5,9 27,41`
Bendrat Fiber
the area compressive concrete. The total destruction
of the specimens oocur simultaneously with The behavior condition of the beam HSC
propagates cracked the top compressive area has without the addition of the fiber brittle behaviour and
reached concrete. Formation of cracks at generally the condition of devastation beam HSC with variations
same from each test speciment the destruction of more daktail fiber additions to identify the
shear failure. effectiveness of the use of high strength reinforced
The pattern of cracks that occurred in the shear concrete beam so as to minimize the shear failure of
and the destruction of the concrete conditions of the reinforced beams suddenly.
shear shows the beam HSC without adding fiber or
beam HSC with variation adding fiber shear failure.
This has been in accordance with the planning that

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a. HSC Convensioanal
b. HSC Bendrat

Figure 18. Cracked Beam Pattern Variation Addition HSC with Fibers

CONCLUSIONS and RECOMMENDATIONS 3. Aulia, T. Budi, 1999, Effect of Mechanical

Conclusions
. Performance Concrete, Karsten Deutschman,
1. shear strength provided by shear reinforcement
(Vs) have as fixed value for all beam is 1,653 T. 4.
For the of maximum Vc earned on the beam
with bendrat wire fiber is 4.57 Ton
2. The test results show that for beams BMT
without adding fiber first crack at a load of 5.1 5.
tons compared with beam bendrat cracked wire
first BMT on the load 5.90 ton.
Suggestions
6.
This study is expected to be followed by other
researchers, with attention to some things and
suggestions as follows: To continue the use of fibers
in high strength concrete to reduce the brittle nature ,
7.
can be used variations of other fibers and can be
compared with fibers that have been studied in this
thesis.
8.
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