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PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this example is to verify the slab stresses and the required area of
mild steel strength reinforcing for a post-tensioned slab.
A one-way, simply supported slab is modeled in SAFE. The modeled slab is 254
mm thick by 914 mm wide and spans 9754 mm, as shown in shown in Figure 1.
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As
229 mm
254 mm
25 mm
Length, L = 9754 mm 914 mm
Elevation Section
The total factored strip moments, required area of mild steel reinforcement and
slab stresses are reported at the midspan of the slab. Independent hand calculations
were compared with the SAFE results and summarized for verification and
validation of the SAFE results.
RESULTS COMPARISON
Table 1 shows the comparison of the SAFE total factored moments, required mild
steel reinforcing, and slab stresses with independent hand calculations.
INDEPENDENT SAFE
FEATURE TESTED DIFFERENCE
RESULTS RESULTS
Factored moment,
174.4 174.4 0.00%
Mu (KN-m)
Area of Mild Steel req’d,
19.65 19.79 0.35%
As (cm2)
Transfer Conc. Stress, top
−5.056 −5.056 0.00%
(D+PTI), MPa
Transfer Conc. Stress, bot
2.836 2.839 0.11%
(D+PTI), MPa
Normal Conc. Stress, top
−10.547 −10.465 0.77%
(D+L+PTF), MPa
Normal Conc. Stress, top
8.323 8.407 1.01%
(D+L+PTF), MPa
CONCLUSION
The SAFE results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.
HAND CALCULATIONS:
Design Parameters:
Mild Steel Reinforcing Post-Tensioning
fc = 30 MPa f pu = 1862 MPa
fy = 400 MPa f py = 1675 MPa
Stressing Loss = 186 MPa
Long-Term Loss = 94 MPa
f i = 1490 MPa
f e = 1210 MPa
γm, steel = 1.15
γm, concrete = 1.50
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As
229 mm
254 mm
25 mm
Length, L = 9754 mm 914 mm
Elevation Section
Loads:
Dead, self-wt = 0.254 m × 23.56 kN/m3 = 5.984 kN/m2 (D) × 1.4 = 8.378 kN/m2 (D u )
Live, = 4.788 kN/m2 (L) × 1.6 = 7.661 kN/m2 (Lu )
Total = 10.772 kN/m2 (D+L) = 16.039 kN/m2 (D+L)ult
ω =10.772 kN/m2 × 0.914 m = 9.846 kN/m, ωu = 16.039 kN/m2 × 0.914 m = 14.659 kN/m
wl12
Ultimate Moment, M U = = 14.659 × ( 9.754 ) 8 = 174.4 kN-m
2
7000 f pu Ap
Ultimate Stress in strand, f pb =+
f pe 1 − 1.7
l/d f cu bd
7000 1862(198)
=
1210 + 1 − 1.7
9.754 / 0.229 30(914)(229)
= 1358 MPa ≤ 0.7 f pu
= 1303 MPa
=
Ultimate moment due to PT, ult , PT ( z ) / γ
M ult , PT F= 257.2 ( 0.192
= ) 1.15 43.00 KN-m
= MU − M PT
Net Moment to be resisted by As, M NET
= 174.4 − 43.00 = 131.40 kN-m
M 131.40
As = = (1e6 ) = 1965mm 2
0.87 f y z 0.87 ( 400 )(192 )
=
Moment =
due to live load, M L 4.788 ( 0.914 )( 9.754 ) 8 52.04 kN-m
2
=
Moment due to PT, M PT F=
PTI (sag) 239.5 (101.6 mm
= ) 1000 24.33 kN-m
Stress in concrete for (D+L+PT F ),
F M M −258.2 117.08 24.33
f = PTI ± D ± PT = ± ±
A S S 0.254 ( 0.914 ) 0.00983 0.00983
f = −1.112 ± 11.910 ± 2.475
f = −10.547(Comp) max, 8.323(Tension) max