FIRST DIVISION

[G.R. No. 4663. October 9, 1909.]

THE UNITED STATES , plaintiff-appellee, vs . PEDRO CABOLA ET AL. ,

defendants-appellants.

Wade H. Kitchens and J. Ostrand, for appellants.

Solicitor-General Harvey, for appellee.

SYLLABUS

1. CONSPIRACY TO DESTROY THE GOVERNMENT. — Under the facts stated

in the opinion, Held, That the appellants were properly convicted of the crime of
violating section 4 of Act No. 292, relating to conspiracy to destroy the Government of
the United States in the Philippine Islands.

DECISION

MORELAND , J : p

The defendants, Pedro Cabola, Urbano Ramos, Claro Ramos, Rafael Apostol,
Pedro Ramos, Gregorio Ramos, Agustin Castro, Martin Soriano, Blas Ramos, Genaro
Sison, Domingo Macaraeg, Carlos Caguioa, Domingo Caguioa, Antonio Romero, Fabian
Rosario, Inocencio Torio, Nicolas Abalos, Roman Prado, Diego Cansino, Ricardo
Fernandez, Francisco Fernandez, Eugenio Lomibao, Ciriaco Verzosa, Domingo Arcangel,
and Celedonio Ramos, were charged with the crime of violating section 4 of Act No.
292 of the Philippine Commission, enacted for the purpose of punishing those who
should enter into a conspiracy to destroy the Government of the United States in the
Philippine Islands.
The defendants were tried in the Court of First Instance of the Province of
Pangasinan and were, with the exception of Nicolas Abalos, Martin Soriano, Blas
Ramos, and Domingo Caguioa, on the 15th day of January, 1908, declared guilty of the
crime charged and sentenced to various terms of imprisonment.
From the judgment of conviction and the sentence imposed thereunder the
defendants Celedonio Ramos and Inocencio Torio appealed to this court. None of the
other defendants appealed and the judgment of the court below is being executed
against them.
It appears from the proofs that in or about the month of August, 1907, in the
pueblo of Lingayen, in the Province of Pangasinan, Pedro Cabola, in conjunction with
other individuals, by means of the pacto de sangre, organized a Katipunan Society,
which had for its object the destruction by force of the Government of the United
States in the Philippine Islands and the establishment by said defendants of another
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 government in the form of a military organization in which Pedro Cabola should gure
as supreme head, Urbano Ramos as a lieutenant-colonel, Claro Ramos and Rafael
Apostol as comandantes, Pedro Ramos as secretary, Gregorio Ramos, Agustin Castro,
Martin Soriano, Genaro Sison, Domingo Macaraeg, Carlos Caguioa, Domingo Caguioa,
Antonio Romero, Fabian Rosario, Inocencio Torio, Nicolas Abalos, Roman Prado, Pedro
Miranda, Diego Cansino, and Ricardo Fernandez as captains, Francisco Fernandez,
Eugenio Lomibao, and Ciriaco Verzosa as lieutenants, Domingo Arcangel as military
governor of the pueblo of San Carlos and Celedonio Ramos as military governor of the
pueblo of Lingayen. Under this government the Province of Pangasinan was divided into
six zones of military districts.
The evidence clearly and indubitably shows the existence of such society and the
seditious character of its purposes. It shows that most of the defendants attended
various meetings of said society, at which Pedro Cabola made revolutionary and
seditious speeches; and that many of the defendants signed a document or documents
seditious in character, their clearly indicated purpose being the destruction of the
Government of the United States in the Philippine Islands. Many of the defendants were
found in possession of commissions from Pedro Cabola appointing them of cers in
his military organization. Several of the defendants confessed their guilt to the public
of cials and related facts connecting many of the other defendants with the society in
question.
As to the appellant Celedonio Ramos, he was present at a meeting of the
Katipunan Society held on the 23d day of August, 1907, in the barrio of Taloctoc, at
which Pedro Cabola made an in ammatory and seditious speech and at which it was
resolved to construct in an isolated place a shelter for 25,000 soldiers who should be
furnished with guns and ammunition, which, according to the orator, had already been
landed at Binangonan by the Japanese. It also appears that Ramos was elected to the
of ce of military president of the pueblo of Lingayen at a meeting of the society held in
the month of August, 1907, near the home of said Ramos.
As to the appellant Inocencio Torio, it appears from the evidence that he was a
member of the Katipunan Society above referred to and that he knew of its seditious
and revolutionary character; that he was present at the said meeting in the barrio of
Taloctoc on the 23d of August, 1907, when Pedro Cabola pronounced the seditious
discourse already referred to; that he was a captain in the organization; and that he
signed Exhibit A-4, a document admittedly of a revolutionary and seditious character.
A careful reading of the proofs adduced at the trial, brie y outline above, induces
the conclusion irresistibly that the appellants are guilty of the crime charged.
The judgment of the lower court is, therefore, af rmed with costs against the
appellants.
Arellano, C.J., Torres, Johnson and Carson, JJ., concur.

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