[3.11 m/s, 7.

0 m/s]

2. A sphere of diameter 400 mm falls axially down a 408 mm diameter vertical cylinder which is closed
at its lower end and contains water. If the sphere falls at a steady speed of 200 mm/s, what is the mean
velocity relative to the cylinder wall of the water in the gap surrounding the midsection of the sphere?
[4.95 m/s]

10. A jet of water 50 mm in diameter with a velocity of 18 m/s strikes a flat plate inclined at an angle of
250 to the axis of the jet. Determine the normal force exerted on the plate by the water jet (a) when
the plate is stationary, and (b) when the plate is moving at 4.5 m/s in the direction of the jet.
[269 N, 151.2 N]

11. A jet of water from a nozzle is deflected through an angle of 60 0 from its original direction by a
stationary curved vane which it enters tangentially without shock with a mean velocity of 30 m/s and
leaves with a mean velocity of 25 m/s. If the mass flow rate from the nozzle is 0.85 kg/s, calculate the
magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the vane.
[22.27 N, 51.10 to the inlet velocity direction]

12. Water flows vertically downwards through a nozzle attached to the end of a laboratory sink faucet
with a flow rate of 0.6 l/s. The nozzle inlet and exit diameters are 16 mm and 5 mm respectively. The
nozzle axis is vertical. The mass of the nozzle is 0.1 kg. The pressure at the nozzle inlet is 464 kPa.
Determine the anchoring force required to hold the nozzle in place.

[77.8 N]

13 Water flows through a horizontal 1800 pipe bend. The flow cross sectional area is constant at a value
of 0.01 m2 through the bend. The magnitude of the flow velocity everywhere in the bend is axial and
15 m/s. The absolute pressures at the entrance and exit of the bend are 207 kPa and 165 kPa
respectively. Calculate the anchoring force required to hold the bend in place.
[6194 N]

15. A pipe bend tapers from diameter of d1 of 500 mm at inlet to a diameter of d2 of 250 mm at outlet
and turns the flow through an angle θ of 450. Measurements of pressure at inlet and outlet show that
the pressure p1 at inlet is 40 kN/m2 and the pressure p2 at outlet is 23 kN/m2. If the pipe is conveying
oil of density 850 kg/m3, calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the bend
when the oil is flowing at the rate of 0.45 m3/s. The bend is in a horizontal plane.
[6.362 kN, 310 with the pipe axis at inlet]