DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND DEMONSTRATING

MODEL OF MINI GAS TURBINE ENGINE

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
PRASHANT DEVDA 150303101013
SAURABH PATEL 150303101047
DHRUVAL PRAJAPATI 150303101053
KULDEEP DODIYA 160303101701

In fulfilment for the award of the degree

of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Anup Singh

Parul University, Vadodara

February, 2019
 PARUL UNIVERSITY

CERTIFICATE

This is to Certify that Project-I (Phase-5) Subject code 03101404 of 8th

Semester entitled “DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND DEMONSTRATING
MODEL OF MINI GAS TURBINE ENGINE” of Group No. PUAN_02
has been successfully completed by-

PRASHANT DEVDA 150303101013

SAURABH PATEL 150303101047
DHRUVAL PRAJAPATI 150303101053
KULDEEP DODIYA 160303101701

Under my guidance in partial fulfilment of Bachelor of Technology (B.

Tech) in AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING of Parul University in
Academic Year 2019-2020.

Project Guide Project Coordinator

Prof. Anup Singh Prof. Anup Singh

Head of Department External Examiner

(Aeronautical Dept.)
Prof. Imran Molvi
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Behind any major work undertaken by an individual there lies the

contribution of the people who helped him to cross all the hurdles to
achieve his goal.

It gives us the immense pleasure to express my sense of sincere gratitude

towards my respected guide Prof. Anup Singh for their persistent,
outstanding, invaluable co-operation and guidance. It is our achievement
to be guided under them. They are a constant source of encouragement and
momentum that any intricacy becomes simple. We gained a lot of
invaluable guidance and prompt suggestions from them during entire
project work. We will be indebted of them forever and we take pride to
work under them.

We also express our deep sense of regards and thanks to Prof. Imran
Molvi, Head of Aeronautical & Mechanical Engineering Department. We
feel very privileged to have had their precious advices, guidance and
leadership.

Last but not the least, my humble thanks to the Almighty God.

Place : Vadodara Student Name Enrollment No.

Date: Prashant Devda 150303101013

Saurabh Patel 150303101047
Dhruval Prajapati 150303101053
Kuldeep Dodiya 160303101701

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page i of xii
 ABSTRACT

Experiment on real gas turbine engine is very complicated and expensive.

So that the present research paper describes the design, analysis and

demonstration of mini gas turbine engine. The objective of this research

paper is to increase in efficiency and reduction in specific fuel consumption

(SFC) and pollutant gases. Each component of the engine can be

performed by thermodynamics and CFD analysis. Performance of the

engine can be achieving by alternative use of fuels in gas turbine engine.

This paper is for aviation gas turbine engine. Design and analysis can be

carried by use of CREO, CATIA V5R19, ANSYS, and Fusion 360 software

Keywords: -

Mini Gas Turbine Engine, Performance matching, Component design,

Analysis, Fabrication.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page ii of xii
 LIST OF TABLE

Table No Table Description Page No.

Table 3.1.1 Diffuser Calculation 05

Table 3.2.1 Impeller Data 07

Table 3.3.1 Combustion chamber calculation 09

Table 3.4.1 Nozzle Parameters 13

Table 3.6.1 Machine Requirement 17

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page iii of xii
 LIST OF FIGURE

Figure No Figure Description Page No.

Figure 1.1 Schematic diagram of turbojet engine 2

Figure 1.2 P-V & T-S diagram of Brayton cycle 2

Figure 3.1.1 Diffuser geometry 5

Figure 3.1.2 Diffuser Meshing 5

Figure 3.1.3 Velocity Contour of diffuser 6

Figure 3.1.4 Pressure Contour of diffuser 6

Figure 3.2.1 Impeller design 8

Figure 3.3.1 Combustion chamber geometry 9

Figure 3.3.2 Combustion chamber meshing 10

Figure 3.3.3 Temperature contour of Combustion chamber 10

Figure 3.3.4 Fabrication of Combustion chamber 11

Figure 3.3.5 Fuel Pipe 12

Figure 3.3.6 Gas welding of fuel pipes 12

Figure 3.4.1 Geometry of nozzle 13

Figure 3.4.2 Meshing of nozzle 14

Figure 3.4.3 Velocity contour of nozzle 15

Figure 3.4.4 Pressure contour of nozzle 15

Figure 3.5.1 Impeller & CC arrangement 16

Figure 3.5.2 Casing of engine arrangement 16

Figure 3.6.1 Drilling machine 17

Figure 3.5.2 Welding machine 17

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page iv of xii
 LIST OF SYMBOL

Symbol Description

𝑚̇ Mass flow rate of air

𝑚̇f Mass flow rate of fuel

T0 Free stream temperature

T01 Temperature at inlet of diffuser

T02 Temperature at compressor inlet

T03 Temperature at compressor outlet

T04 Temperature at turbine inlet

T05 Temperature at turbine outlet

T0e Temperature at nozzle outlet

P0 Free stream pressure

P01 Pressure at inlet diffuser

P02 Pressure at compressor inlet

P03 Pressure at compressor outlet

P04 Pressure at turbine inlet

P05 Pressure at turbine outlet

P0e Pressure at nozzle outlet

Rho_0 Free stream density

Rho_1 Density at inlet

Rho_2 Density at compressor inlet

Rho_3 Density at compressor outlet

Rho_4 Density at turbine inlet

Rho_5 Density at turbine inlet

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page v of xii
Rho_6 Density at nozzle outlet

F Thrust

A0 Inlet area of diffuser

A2 Outlet area of diffuser

AL Combustion chamber liner area

Aref Reference area at combustion chamber

A4 Turbine inlet area

A5 Nozzle inlet area

Ae Nozzle outlet area

Aan Annulus area of combustion chamber

D1 Diameter at inlet of diffuser

D2 Diameter at outlet of diffuser

Dref Reference diameter

DL Liner diameter

D5 Diameter at nozzle inlet

De Diameter at nozzle outlet

Ldiffuser Length of diffuser

Lliner Length of liner of combustion chamber

Lnozzle Length of nozzle

V∞ Free stream velocity

V1 Velocity at inlet of diffuser

V2 Velocity at outlet of diffuser

V3 Velocity at outlet of compressor

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page vi of xii
V5 Velocity at turbine outlet

Ve Velocity at nozzle outlet

Vr Relative velocity

Vw Relative swirl velocity

Ca Axial velocity

C Axial relative velocity

Cw Axial swirl component of velocity

U Rotational velocity

N RPM of motor

Pr Pressure recovery of diffuser

CPR Pressure ratio across compressor

CPRstage Pressure ratio of the compressor stage

TPRTurbine Pressure ratio of turbine

TPRstage Stage Pressure ratio of turbine

Ƞp Efficiency of compressor

Ƞs Efficiency of stage of compressor

Ƞd Efficiency of diffuser

Ƞt Efficiency of turbine

ΔT temperature rise or drop total

ΔTs temperature rise or drop per stage

γair Ratio of specific heats for air=1.4

γgas Ratio of specific heats for gas=1.33

Cp Specific heat at constant pressure

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page vii of xii
Cp Pressure coefficient

Rh/Rt Hub to tip radius ratio

Rh Radius at hub

Rt Radius at tip

Rm Radius at mean

Utip Rotational velocity at tip

Uhub Rotational velocity at hub

Umean Rotational velocity at mean

λw Work done coefficient

ψ Blade loading coefficient

φ Flow coefficient

Ө Blade camber angle

 Deviation angle

ξ Stagger angle

i Incidence (5-10 degrees)

C Chord

S Pitch

S/C Pitch to chord ratio(solidity)

H/C Aspect ratio

α1, β1 Flow angles at inlet of rotor blade

α2, β2 Flow angles at outlet of rotor blade

α1 stator, β1 stator Flow angles at stator inlet

α2 stator, β2 stator Flow angles at stator outlet

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page viii of xii
R Universal gas constant

Tmax Maximum turbine inlet temperature

Өconverge Nozzle convergent angle

DOR Degree of reaction

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page ix of xii
 TABLE OF CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................. i

ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................... ii

LIST OF TABLE............................................................................................................................ iii

LIST OF FIGURE.......................................................................................................................... iv

LIST OF SYMBOL ......................................................................................................................... v

Aim of project ............................................................................................................................ 1

Objective of project ................................................................................................................... 1

CHAPTER 1: - INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 2

CHAPTER 2: - LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................... 3

2.1 Experimental and numerical analysis of a small-scale turbojet engine........................... 3

2.2 Aero engines intake: a review and case study. .............................................................. 3

2.3 Design and analysis of combustion chamber of a turbofan engine ................................ 3

2.4 Numerical analysis of coaxial jet on effect of potential core length. ............................ 4

CHAPTER 3: - WORKING METHODOLOGY WITH RESULT .......................................................... 5

3.1 Diffuser............................................................................................................................. 5

3.1.1 Meshing ........................................................................................................................ 6

3.1.2 Boundary conditions ..................................................................................................... 6

3.2 Impeller ............................................................................................................................ 7

3.2.1 Geometry of Impeller................................................................................................ 8

3.3 Combustion Chamber ...................................................................................................... 9

3.3.1 Meshing of Combustion Chamber .......................................................................... 10

3.3.2 CFD analysis of Combustion Chamber .................................................................... 10

3.3.3 Fabrication of Combustion Chamber ...................................................................... 11

3.3.3 Fabrication of Fuel Pipe .......................................................................................... 12

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page x of xii
 3.4 Nozzle ............................................................................................................................. 13

3.4.1 Meshing Detail ........................................................................................................ 14

3.4.2 CFD Analysis ............................................................................................................ 14

3.4.3 Different contour of Nozzle .................................................................................... 15

3.5 Assembly of parts........................................................................................................... 16

3.6 Different Machine used for Fabrication......................................................................... 17

4. Future work .......................................................................................................................... 18

5. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................ 19

6. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 20

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page xi of xii
B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) , Parul Institute of Engg. & Technology Page xii of xii
Aim of project
To design, analysis and demonstrating model of mini gas turbine engine.

Objective of project
To design and analysis of Gas turbine engine so that we can have better result for different
condition by using computational fluid dynamics software like ANSYS 18.1 and Math software
like MATLAB. After that the physical mini model of jet engine will be made to check the
performance of the engine by alternative use of fuels.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 1 of 35

CHAPTER 1: - INTRODUCTION
In previous phase we have introduce about what is jet engine and its purpose in aircraft.
Now in this phase we will discuss about component design, its analysis and fabrication.
Previously we have find all the analytical data required to design gas turbine engine.

Figure 1.1 (Schematic diagram of a turbojet engine)

Previously we have found data for diffuser, compressor section, combustion chamber section,
turbine section and nozzle section. By using these data, we will make a CAD model of different
parts of gas turbine engine and analyse it in analysis software than validate the result with
analytical data and try to find out the error we are getting in the analysis and will give a specific
reason behind the error occurrence.

Figure 1.2: - (P-V & T-S diagram of Brayton Cycle)

After analytical and numerical solution matching, we will fabricate the different parts of
engine. We will try to fabricate a parts in such a way that all the condition should be satisfied
and engine will work efficiently and follow the Brayton cycle.
B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 2 of 35
CHAPTER 2: - LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Experimental and numerical analysis of a small-scale turbojet engine
Authors set the experimental setup, in the experimental setup authors put the instrument for
the measurement of parameter that they required. Using the experimental setup find the all
values of the parameter. Also do the numerical analysis. Compare the result of experimental
and numerical analysis for the better understanding. A specific characterization of each
component of the engine has been performed by means of thermodynamics and CFD analyses
and several measured parameters have been critically analysed and compared with
theoretical ones, with the purpose of increasing the knowledge of these kinds of small turbo-
engines. [6]

2.2 Aero engines intake: a review and case study.

The performance of the inlet highly influence the value of the engine thrust and the fuel
consumption. The inlet must need to provide the required air mass flow rate at all the
conditions. Noise level and the icing at the inlet are the critical issues [13]. As the ice formation
on the inlet creates the increase in spillage drag and decreases the value of the mass flow rate
in the inlet. For designing any gas turbine engine, the first thing we need to consider is the
for what conditions we are designing like in subsonic, supersonic or the hypersonic based on
that we need to consider the inlet. Subsonic inlets are typically a short, simple, straight duct
with smooth continuous curve with some thickness. The most upstream portion is the inlet lip
which is relatively thick.

2.3 Design and analysis of combustion chamber of a turbofan engine

Combustion chamber is the critical part because in this by maintaining the pressure the heat
enthalpy is added. To maintain the pressure with the minimum with minimum loss is the most
difficult in the combustion chamber. In this the loss of the pressure due to turbulence is kept
at the minimum. The most commonly type of combustion chamber used in the gas turbine
engines are annular combustion chambers over the other types of combustion chamber. The
advantage of this kind of combustion chamber is that it provides more uniform temperature
distribution and uniform air at the outlet of the chamber, having less weight and also having
the lowest pressure drop over the combustion chamber. The initial data are the data of the
outlet at the compressor and the inlet data at the turbine which are limitations of turbine.
Based on this data the design is done. First author has calculated the areas of different zones,
obtained the dimensions, length of the combustor based on the mass flow rate and the initial
B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 3 of 35
parameter. By using the Cad model the author has generated the design. In the analysis
instead of whole combustion chamber the author took only the specific part of the
combustion chamber and analysed for the time efficient analysis. By using eddy dissipation
combustion model and k-ω turbulence model the analysis is carried out in the finite volume
discretization, the obtained result is matched with the combustor theoretical data. The result
obtained are temperature distribution, turbulence, and the fuel air mixture. By using this
methodology, the most efficient combustion chamber has been designed after the
optimization. The SFC is also reduced by this. From this methodology in the less time the
combustion chamber is designed. [15]

2.4 Numerical analysis of coaxial jet on effect of potential core length.

Coaxial flows are highly responsible for the mixing of the two streams of different conditions.
In the combustion chamber the mixing of the fuel with the oxidizer coaxial flows are used. In
the dual streams the high velocity flow is covered by the secondary flow. Which enhances the
mixing flow issuing from the exhaust with ambient air. This flows are generated due to the
velocity difference, turbulence, swirled and density difference between the primary and
secondary flow. The another important parameter needs to be considered is the potential
core flow length. It is the length up to which the shockwaves propagate outside the nozzle or
the length of high velocity region. The main advantage of this flows have advantage that they
reduce the noise and increase the thrust by reducing the potential core length. For the typical
2-D analysis the geometry of the nozzle is generated in the ANSYS. The nozzle is designed with
the two inlets one is for the secondary flow (cool air) and another is the primary flow for the
hot gases. [14]

A standard k-ε turbulence model is used and different boundary condition are selected for
different simulation. The velocity of the secondary flow is varied and the properties of the
primary flow is kept at the constant. The central core of jet where the exhaust velocity is
preserved up to the certain distance is called potential core length. At the mid-section of the
part the length is measured and compared with the various Mach no. and from the velocity
contours. Also the variation of velocity ratio with the distance is measured and result are
compared. From watching the velocity contours with the decrease in the velocity of the
secondary fuel the length of the potential core length is decreased. With the increase in the
velocity of the potential core length floe the spreading rate is also enhanced.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 4 of 35

CHAPTER 3: - WORKING METHODOLOGY WITH RESULT
3.1 Diffuser
The purpose of the diffuser is to reducing the velocity and increase the static pressure of a
fluid passing through the system. Diffusers are used to slow the fluid velocity while increasing
its static pressure.

Sr. no. Parameter Value

1 Mass flow of air 0.3 kg/s
2 A0 0.0246 m2
3 D1 0.115 m
4 𝜌1 1.18 kg/m3
5 𝜌2 1.18 kg/m3
6 P01 101325 Pa
7 P02 100950.0975 Pa
8 T01 298.05 K
9 V1 24.44589 m/s
10 T1 297.7525377 K
11 P1 100971.5032 Pa
12 M1 (Mach no.) 0.0706
13 A2 0.013312 m2
14 D2 0.130222739 m
15 L (intake length) 0.0520 m
16 V2 19.098 m/s
17 T2 297.8684 K
18 Pr 1.125 bar
19 N 15000

Table 3.1.1: - (Diffuser Calculation)

Figure 3.1.1: - (Diffuser Geometry) Figure 3.1.2: - (Diffuser Meshing)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 5 of 35

3.1.1 Meshing
 No. of nodes: 199893
 No. of elements: 1144300

3.1.2 Boundary conditions

 Inlet: Velocity inlet
 Outlet: Pressure outlet
 Iteration:500

Figure 3.1.3: - (Velocity Contour)

Figure 3.1.4: - (Pressure Contour)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 6 of 35

From the above figure of pressure contour we can assume that not very high but pressure is
slightly increase. (Pr= 1.125 Bar).

3.2 Impeller
The main part of centrifugal compressor is impeller which convert the kinetic energy of fluid
into a pressure energy by means of rotating it and due to divergent geometry of the blade.
Design data for making impeller is given below in the table.

Sr. No. Parameter Value

1. ∆𝑇Stage 53.9 k
2. Pressure Ratio 1.5
3. Prequired 16.28 Kw
4. Ainlet 0.006245 m2
5. C1 38.33 m/s
6. Utip 70.82 m/s
7. N (RPM) 15000
8. Uroot 9.42 m/s
9. βroot 76.480
10. Βtip 28.420
11. No. of blade 20
12. No. of diffuser vane 15
13. Depth of diffuser 10 mm
14. Length of Diffuser(CFC) 20 mm
15. Clearance 10 mm
16. Depth of IGV 10 mm
17. Cw2 93.67
18. Cr2 27.27
19. Diffuser angle 16.230
20. Relative velocity at tip 73.34 m/s
21. Mach no at tip 0.21

Table 3.2.1: - (Impeller Data)

From this data we have design a impeller in a fusion 360 CAD modelling software.
B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 7 of 35
3.2.1 Geometry of Impeller

Figure 3.2.1: - (Impeller Design)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 8 of 35

3.3 Combustion Chamber
From the Brayton cycle, the pressure in the combustion remains constant. S0, for designing a
combustion chamber the loss of the pressure across the combustion chamber must be very
low while considering turbulence for mixing of air and fuel into account. We found the
required parameters of the combustion chamber.

Sr. No Parameter Value

1 T03 367.49 K
2 T04 470 K
3 Tmax 498.05 K
4 𝜌3 2.37 kg/m3
5 R 287 J/kg.K
6 PF 0.2736
7 P03 250000 Pa
8 LL 0.1159 m
9 𝑣 gas 1.33
10 𝑣 air 1.4
11 DL 0.0745 m
12 Dref 0.0917 m
13 Ca 19.16 m/s
14 Aan 0.0022 m2
15 AL 0.0044 m2

Table 3.3.1: - (Combustion Chamber Calculation)

Figure 3.3.1: - (Combustion Chamber Geometry)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 9 of 35

3.3.1 Meshing of Combustion Chamber
No. of nodes:125000

No. of elements: 500000

Figure 3.3.2: - (Combustion Chamber Meshing)

3.3.2 CFD analysis of Combustion Chamber

Boundary conditions Air inlet: mass flow outlet, Ma
:0.3 kg/s
Non premixed combustion
Outlet: pressure outlet
Fuel: jet a Iteration:750

Fuel injector: mass flow inlet, Mf :0.006 kg/s

Figure 3.3.3: - (Temperature Contour of Combustion Chamber)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 10 of 35

3.3.3 Fabrication of Combustion Chamber

Figure 3.3.4: - (Fabrication of Combustion Chamber)

Figure 3.3.5: - (Fabrication of Combustion Chamber)

We have fabricated the combustion Chamber by using different machines like drilling
machine, shaper machine, lathe machine, and welding machine. Material used for making
this combustion chamber is galvanized steel which having a maximum temperature of 750
degree Celsius.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 11 of 35

3.3.3 Fabrication of Fuel Pipe

Figure 3.3.6: - (Fuel Pipe)

Figure 3.3.7: - (Gas Welding of Fuel Pipes)

From the capillary tube we have make a geometry in such a way that it can fit inlet of a
combustion chamber. After that we cut the small piece of pipe (which having a diameter of
0.041mm) into some pieces and weld it on capillary by using gas welding.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 12 of 35

3.4 Nozzle
All gas turbine engines have nozzle to produce thrust, to conduct the exhaust gases back to
the free stream, and to set the mass flow rate through the engine

Sr. No Parameter Value

1 V5 62.4 m/s
2 P05 1.11 Bar
3 T05 404 K
4 𝜌05 0.9581 kg/m3
5 Өconvergent 65
6 Ve 105 m/s
7 P0e 1.10 bar
8 T0e 404.44 K
9 D5 8 cm
10 De 6 cm
11 Lnozzle 3.125 cm
12 Thrust(F) 24.3 N

Table 3.4.1: - (Nozzle Parameter)

From the obtained analytical data, the generated design geometry of the nozzle is shown below.

Figure 3.4.1: - (Geometry of Nozzle)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 13 of 35

3.4.1 Meshing Detail
Mesh Details: -

No. of nodes: 202488

No. of elements: 1164632

Figure 3.4.2: - (Meshing of Nozzle)

3.4.2 CFD Analysis

Based on the data and parameters the k-epsilon model is selected for the flow simulation with
the below boundary conditions and 1000 iterations the converged solution is obtained.

Boundary conditions

Inlet: velocity inlet, velocity: 62 m/s pressure:1.4 bar

Outlet: Pressure outlet: 1 bar

Iteration :1000

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 14 of 35

3.4.3 Different contour of Nozzle

Figure 3.4.3: - (Velocity contour of nozzle)

Figure 3.4.4: - (Pressure Contour of nozzle)

The velocity at outlet of nozzle is 89m/from that we obtained thrust is 19.3 N which is 20 %
differ from the calculated thrust.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 15 of 35

3.5 Assembly of parts

Figure 3.5.1: - (Impeller & CC arrangement)

Figure 3.5.2: - (Casing of engine arrangement)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 16 of 35

3.6 Different Machine used for Fabrication
To make a gas turbine engine following are the basic parts required.

Sr. No Parts name Machine

A Diffuser Hydraulic press machine

B Compressor blade Wire cut machine
C Capillary tube Gas welding
D Combustion chamber Hydraulic press machine
E Turbine blade Wire cut Machine
F Threaded shaft Lathe machine
G Screws -
H Outer casing Hydraulic press machine
I Nozzle Hydraulic press machine
Table 3.6.1: - (Machine requirement)

Figure 3.6.1: - Figure 3.6.2: - Figure 3.6.3: -

(Drilling Machine) (Welding Machine) (Lathe Machine)

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 17 of 35

4. Future work
The work remained for us for the future is

1. Design in modelling software

 Design of the compressor

 Design of turbine

2. Analysis in ANSYS

 Analysis of compressor
 Analysis of turbine

3. Manufacturing of demonstrative model

 Individual part manufacturing

 Assembling all parts & testing devices like pressure gauges
 casing

4. Testing & Optimization

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 18 of 35

5. CONCLUSION
Up to this the study demonstrates the analytical design procedure for the design of the parts
of gas turbine engine with considering the performance matching of each component. From
the analytical method, the data’s found are enough accurate to generate the proper design in
the cad modelling software. It also states that the numerical analysis of the inlet and nozzle
can be easily done by using the ANSYS Fluent software and K-ε turbulence model is enough to
produce the convergent and grid independent solution.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 19 of 35

6. REFERENCES
1. Yarlagadda, santosh,2010, performance analysis of j85 turbojet engine matching thrust
with reduced inlet pressure to the compressor, the university of Toledo digital
repository.
2. W. azzi, W.l. Roberts and A. rabiei,2005, A study on pressure drop and heat transfer in
open cell metal foams for jet engine applications, Elsevier, January ,11,2005, North
Carolina
3. Benini, Ernesto & Giacometti, stefano,2007, design manufacturing and operation of a
small turbojet engine for research purposes, Elsevier, july,27,2007, Italy
4. Benini, ernesto, pandolfo, Sergio & zoppellari, serena,2008, Reduction of no emissions
in a turbojet combustor by direct water/steam injection: numerical and experimental
assessment, Elsevier, november,10,2008, italy
5. Patel onkar, sen prakashkumar, sahu gopal, sharma ritesh and bohidar shailendra,2015,
A review on turbojet engine, international journal of mechanical engineering,
november,11,2015, India
6. Yanda, sagar and D. apparao, design and analysis of turbojet engine, Asia pacific journal
of research, Andhra Pradesh.
7. Kyo-soo song, seon-gab kim, young-ha hwang,2006, Analysis of the fracture of a turbine
blade on a turbojet engine, Elsevier, june,8,2006, korea.
8. Eric gamble, dwain terrell, rich Defrancesco, nozzle selection and design criteria.
9. M. Badami, p. Nuccio, A. signoretto,2013, experimental and numerical analysis of a
small-scale turbojet engine, Elsevier, january,30,2013, italy.
10. Irina-carmen andrei, mihai leonida niculescu, Andreea cernat, study of the turbojet
engines as propulsion systems for the unmanned aerial vehicles.
11. Aysen haksever,2009, design and analysis of axial flow turbine with computer software,
international scientific conference, november,21,2009, turkey.
12. Jaiswal ujjawal A. And joshi S.J, design and analysis of stator, rotor and blades of the
axial flow compressor, India
13. EI-sayed ahmed f. And emeara mohamed s., 2016, Aero engines intake: A review and
case study, journal of robotics and mechanical engineering research, january 23,2016,
Egypt.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 20 of 35

14. Shraavana G, A vinoth Kumar and K.B ravichandrakumar,2016, Numerical analysis of
coaxial jet on effect of potential core length, journal of advances in mechanical
engineering and science, january 18,2016, Chennai, India.
15. C. Priyant mark and A. Selwyn, 2014, design and analysis of annular combustion
chamber of a low bypass turbofan engine in a jet trainer aircraft, Elsevier, may
19,2014, Bangalore, India.

B. Tech (Aero. Engg.) Parul Institute Of Engg. & Technology Page 21 of 35