DRUG STUDY

PRE-OPERATIVE MEDICATIONS

Drugs Action Rationale Side Effects Nursing Consideration

Generic Name:  Inhibits This drug treats Headache Culture infection site, and
CEFOXITIN SODIUM synthesis of many kinds of Dizziness arrange for sensitivity tests before
Classification: bacterial cell bacterial Nausea and and during therapy if expected
Therapeutic: wall, causing infections, Vomiting response is not seen.
Antibiotics cell death. including Diarrhea Report severe diarrhea,
Pharmacologic: severe or life- Anorexia difficulty of breathing, unusual
Cephalosporins threatening Abdominal Pain tiredness or fatigue, pain at
forms. Also, Flatulence injection site.
Dose/Route/Frequency used to prevent Take all medication prescribed
infection in for the length of time ordered.
people having
1g IV q8 certain types of
surgery.
Date ordered:

Generic Name: Gastric acid- This drug is Headache  Administer before meals.
OMEPRAZOLE pump inhibitor: given to treat Dizziness Swallow the capsule whole; do not
Classification: Suppresses certain stomach Diarrhea chew, open, or crush them.
Therapeutic: gastric acid and esophagus Abdominal Pain  Administer antacids with, if
Anti-secretory drug secretion by problems (such Nausea and needed.
Pharmacologic: specific as acid reflux, Vomiting  Report severe headache,
Proton Pump Inhibitor inhibition of the ulcers). It worsening of symptoms, fever,
hydrogen- works by chills, severe diarrhea.
Dose/Route/Frequency potassium decreasing the
ATPase enzyme amount of acid
40mg IV OD system at the your stomach
secretory surface makes.
of the gastric
Date ordered:
parietal cells;
blocks the final
step of acid
production.
Generic Name: Reduces fever This drug is Headache Do not exceed the
PARACETAMOL by acting ordered as Nausea or Vomiting recommended dosage.
Classification: directly on the needed Fatigue Assess patient’s fever or pain:
Therapeutic: hypothalamic whenever the type of pain, location, intensity,
Anti-pyretic heat-regulating patient reports duration, temperature, and
Pharmacologic: center to cause mild to diaphoresis.
Analgesics vasodilation and moderate pain Teach patient to recognize
sweating, which and to reduce signs of chronic overdose:
Dose/Route/Frequency helps dissipate fever. bleeding, bruising, malaise, fever,
heat. sore throat.
300mg IV q4 PRN Assess allergic reactions: rash,
urticaria. If these occur, drug may
have to be discontinued.
Date ordered:
Give food if GI upset occurs.
 DRUG STUDY
INTRA-OPERATIVE MEDICATIONS

Drugs Action Rationale Side Effects Nursing Consideration

Generic Name:  Block the generation This drug Depression  When appropriate, patients
BUPIVACAINE and the conduction of treats many Restlessness should be informed in advance that
Classification: nerve impulses, kinds of Anxiety they may experience temporary
Therapeutic: presumably by bacterial Dizziness loss of sensation and motor
Anti-arrhythmic increasing the threshold infections, Tinnitus activity, usually in the lower half
Pharmacologic: for electrical excitation including Blurred vision of the body
Local Anesthesia in the nerve, by slowing severe or life- Tremors Inform the patient before using
the propagation of the threatening Slow/fast heart this medication, to tell his/her
Dose/Route/Frequency nerve impulse and by forms. Also, rate doctor or pharmacist of all
reducing the rate of rise used to Low blood prescription and
of the action potential. prevent pressure nonprescription/herbal products
0.5% HEAVY 20g IT In general, the infection in he/she may use. Do not start or
progression of people having stop any medicine without doctor
Date ordered: anesthesia is related to certain types or pharmacist approval
the diameter, of surgery.  Caution should be exercised in
myelination and patients with history of liver,
conduction velocity of kidney, heart disease, blood
affected nerve fibers. pressure problems, any allergy,
who are taking other medications,
during pregnancy and
breastfeeding.
Generic Name: Binds to mu-opioid This drug is Sedation  Control environment
TRAMADOL receptors and inhibits given to help Dizziness (temperature, lighting) if sweating
Classification: the reuptake of relieve Headache or CNS effects occurs.
Therapeutic: norepinephrine and moderate to Hypotension Ensure patient does not cut,
Opioid Analgesic serotonin causes many moderately Sweating crush or chew ER tablets.
Pharmacologic: effects similar to the severe pain, it Nausea and  Report severe nausea, dizziness,
Analgesics opioids but doers not works in the Vomiting severe constipation.
have respiratory brain to
Dose/Route/Frequency depressant effects. change what
the body feels
50g IV at 8:45 am and responds
to pain.
Date ordered:
Generic Name:  Selectively inhibits It is used to Nausea or  Do not exceed the
PARACETAMOL enzyme function in the relieve pain in Vomiting recommended dosage.
(TAMIN) brain which allows it to case of Allergic skin Assess patient’s fever or pain:
Classification: treat pain and fever. It backache, reaction type of pain, location, intensity,
Therapeutic: activates certain headache, Fatigue duration, temperature, and
Anti-pyretic receptors in the brain arthritis and Headache diaphoresis.
Pharmacologic: that inhibit pain signals toothache. The Teach patient to recognize signs
Analgesics drug also of chronic overdose: bleeding,
reduces pain bruising, malaise, fever, sore
Dose/Route/Frequency in the body throat.
caused due to Assess allergic reactions: rash,
900g IV at 9:30 am fever. urticaria. If these occur, drug may
have to be discontinued.
Give food if GI upset occurs.
Date ordered:
 DRUG STUDY
POST-OPERATIVE MEDICATIONS

Drugs Action Rationale Side Effects Nursing Consideration

Generic Name: Reduces fever by This drug is Headache  Do not exceed the
PARACETAMOL acting directly on the ordered as Nausea or recommended dosage.
Classification: hypothalamic heat- needed Vomiting Assess patient’s fever or pain:
Therapeutic: regulating center to whenever the Fatigue type of pain, location, intensity,
Anti-pyretic cause vasodilation and patient reports duration, temperature, and
Pharmacologic: sweating, which helps mild to diaphoresis.
Analgesics dissipate heat. moderate pain Teach patient to recognize
and to reduce signs of chronic overdose:
Dose/Route/Frequency fever. bleeding, bruising, malaise, fever,
sore throat.
600mg IV q6 PTC Assess allergic reactions: rash,
urticaria. If these occur, drug may
have to be discontinued.
Date ordered:
Give food if GI upset occurs.
Generic Name: Binds to mu-opioid This drug is Sedation  Control environment
TRAMADOL receptors and inhibits given to help Dizziness (temperature, lighting) if sweating
Classification: the reuptake of relieve Headache or CNS effects occurs.
Therapeutic: norepinephrine and moderate to Hypotension Ensure patient does not cut,
Opioid Analgesic serotonin causes many moderately Sweating crush or chew ER tablets.
Pharmacologic: effects similar to the severe pain, it Nausea and  Report severe nausea, dizziness,
Analgesics opioids but doers not works in the Vomiting severe constipation.
have respiratory brain to
Dose/Route/Frequency depressant effects. change what
the body feels
50g IV q6 x 48th then and responds
50g IV q6 PRN for pain to pain.

Date ordered: