K. J.

Somaiya College of Engineering

(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Name of Laboratory: Finite Element Analysis

Room No: A-314

Course Outcomes (CO):

CO After successful completion of the course students should be able to
Understand the basic concepts and procedure of various numerical methods to develop and
CO1 solve Governing differential equations (GDE)

CO2 Formulate and use 1D and 2D shape functions to solve mechanical field problems

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using various
CO3 ANSYS environments.

Sr. No Name of experiments Course outcomes

1 Use of Link elements CO3

2 Use of Truss elements CO3

3 Use of beam elements CO3

4 Use of axis-symmetric elements CO3

5 Modal analysis CO3

6 Steady state heat conduction analysis CO3

7 Course project CO3

Exercise No. 1
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Use of Link elements

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Description of Link element:

1. Link 11 is a spar element (bar element) which is being utilized in large variety of
applications like trusses, bars of varying cross sections, springs, cables etc.
2. This 3D spar element is uniaxial tension / compression element with 3 degrees of
freedom at each node (i.e. translation in nodal X, Y, Z directions)
3. This element require value of stiffness as a real constant property

Steps to solve the problem:

1. Preprocessing
Element type (Link11) - Real constants (stiffness) – Material property
(Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio) - Modeling (line using keypoints) – Meshing
(give no of element divisions) – Assigning boundary conditions ( fixed support on
keypoint) – Assigning loads (Only uniaxial tension / compression load)
2. Solution
Solution – Solve – Current L. S.
3. Post processing for DOF solution
Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution
Problems:

1. Find out stresses, reaction forces and deflections for the stepped bar shown in fig.

2. Convert the tapered part of composite bar into stepped bar, and find the nodal
deflections and elemental stresses of the bar.
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

3.
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Exercise No. 2

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Use of truss elements

Description of Link element:
4. Link 11 is a spar element (bar element) which is being utilized in large variety of
applications like trusses, bars of varying cross sections, springs, cables etc.
5. This 3D spar element is uniaxial tension / compression element with 3 degrees of
freedom at each node (i.e. translation in nodal X, Y, Z directions)
6. This element require value of stiffness as a real constant property

Steps to solve the problem:

4. Preprocessing
Element type (Link11) - Real constants (stiffness) – Material property
(Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio) - Modeling (line using keypoints) – Meshing
(give no of element divisions) – Assigning boundary conditions ( fixed support on
keypoint) – Assigning loads (Only uniaxial tension / compression load)
5. Solution
Solution – Solve – Current L. S.
6. Post processing for DOF solution
Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Problems:

1. Find out nodal deflections, reaction forces and stresses in the elements for a truss.Take
for each element, E = 210 GPa and cross sectional area (A) = 6 x 10-4 m2

2. Analyze the truss shown in fig. and find out nodal deflections, element stresses and
strains. Take E= 180 GPa and cross section area of each member is 6cm2
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Exercise No. 3

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Use of axis-symmetric elements

Description of BEAM 188 (Axis-symmetric) element:

1. It is an uniaxial element with tension, compression and bending capabilities.
2. It has 3 degrees of freedom per node (translation in nodal X and Y directions and rotation
about nodal Z direction).
3. It is used for axis-symmetric analysis like beams, bolts, slotted cylinders etc.
4. It requires section to be defined.

Steps to solve the problem:

1. Preprocessing
Element type (Beam188) - section – Material property ( Modulus of elasticity and
Poisson’s ratio) Modeling (line) – Meshing (give required no. of divisions of elements) –
Assigning boundary conditions ( fixed/roller support on key points) – Assigning loads
(Point load / UDL – pressure on beams)
Solution – Solve – Current L. S.
2. Post processing for DOF solution
Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution
3. Post processing for reaction solution which will give values of shear force and bending
moment

Problems:
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

1. Analyze the beam shown in fig. completely by using the element matrix equation for the
beam element. Evaluate deflections, slopes and reactions at supports for the beam. Take
EI = 4000 kNm2 . Assume square cross section

1. Analyze the beam shown in fig and find out the location of maximum bending moment
and maximum deflection. Take E= 200GPa and I=1.2 X 10 -5 m4. Assume square cross
section

Exercise No. 4
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Use of CST elements

Description of CST element:
1. This is the simplest 2‐D element, which is also called linear triangular element.
2. For this element we have three nodes at the vertices of the triangle,which are numbered
around the element in the counterclockwise direction. Each node has two degrees of
freedom (can move in the x and y directions).
3. 2D CST (Constant strain Triangle) Elements are 3 or 4 node elements with only 2 DOFs
in translation,
4. They are used for Plane Stress or Plane Strain analysis problems (for negligible thickness
components).
Steps to solve the problem:
1. Preprocessing
Element type (plane 42) – Real constants (options – plane stress witout thickness)
Material property (Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio) Modeling (Area -
Rectangle) – Meshing (mapped meshing) – Assigning boundary conditions ( fixed and
roller support on keypoints) – Assigning loads
2. Solution
Solution – Solve – Current L. S.
3. Post processing for DOF solution
Plot results – contour plot – Nodal solution – DOF solution
4. Post processing for element stress solution

Problems:
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

1. For the 2D loaded plate shown in fig., find out nodal displacements and element stresses using
plane stress conditions.

2. Analyze using CST elements and find out nodal deflections and element stresses. Take E
= 200 GPA, Poisson’s ratio = 0.3

Exercise No. 5
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Modal analysis

Description of Link element:

1. Link 180 is a spar element (bar element) which is being utilized for performing vibration
(Modal) analysis.
2. This 3D spar element is uniaxial tension / compression element with 3 degrees of
freedom at each node (i.e. translation in nodal X, Y, Z directions)
3. This element allows the change in cross section of the member if it is desired, by
assigning different sets of real constants.

Steps to solve the problem:

To be solved on workbench.

Modal analysis:
Modal analysis is the study of the dynamic properties of structures under vibrational excitation.
Modal analysis is the field of measuring and analysing the dynamic response of structures and or
fluids during excitation.
Mode shapes:
Mode shape is the shapes of the structure at different natural frequency. This mode shape can be
determined by Eigen value of vibration equation like single or two degree of freedom system. We
can observe the deformed shape of structure for various modes of various frequencies.

Problem:
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

1. Find out the natural frequency and axial vibrations of a bar of uniform cross section of 300 mm 2
and length, L=1m. Take E= 200GPa and density of material = 8000 Kg/m 3.

Exercise No. 6

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Steady state heat conduction analysis

Mapped with CO3: Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal
analysis by using various ANSYS environments.

Description of PLANE42 element:

1. Plane 42 is a quadratic element especially used for area meshing
2. This element is having 4 nodes and 2 degrees of freedoms per node (both in translation)
3. This element is used for plane stress or plane strain analysis problems.
4. Preferably mapped meshing is chosen to mesh the areas using this element.
5. No real constant input is required.

Steps to solve the problem:

To be solved on workbench.

Problem:
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

1. Using FEM, determine the temperature distribution in the wall shown in fig. and calculate the
heat flow through the wall. Letter A indicates steel material and letter B indicates insulation
material.

Take KA = 55 X 10-3 W/mm0C

KB = 0.1 X 10-3 W/mm0C

Course Project
 K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(An Autonomous College Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: FEA Laboratory Sem: Jan-May (2020)

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………

Batch: ……… R o ll N o.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Marks: ……………………..

Signature of Lab Teacher with date: ……………………………..

Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal analysis by using

CO 3
various ANSYS environments

Course Project
Mapped with CO3: Perform, validate, interpret and optimize different structural/thermal
analysis by using various ANSYS environments.

Title: Analysis of any mechanical engineering component/system

1. Solid modelling of component in any modelling software

2. Importing component in ANSYS APDL/ workbench

3. Assigning material properties

4. Selection of element if required

5. Meshing

6. Boundary conditions

7. Solution

8. Interpretation of results

9. Optimization (shape/weight, material, meshing)