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ESTD 1948
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A training report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of
Master of Business Administration (Industry Integrated), Gauhati University on
³INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY´
For NCI-INDIA
"
"
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^^
This is to certify that Neeraj Kumar Sharma, a student of the Gauhati University has prepared
his training report entitled ³NCI-INDIA PVT. LTD.´ under my guidance. He has fulfilled all
requirements under the regulations of MBA (IIP) Gauhati University leading to the MBA
(IIP) degree. This work is the result of his own investigation and the project; neither as whole
or not any part of his work was submitted to any other University of Educational Institution
for any research or diploma.
Head of Department
·
^
I hereby declare that the training Report conducted at
(Industry Integrated)
TO
Is my original work and the same has not been submitted for the award of any
degree/diploma/fellowship or other similar titles or prizes.
^
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
X
CHAPTER 4: STUDY OF SELECTED RESEARCH PROBLEM
CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
Poised to reach $30 billion worldwide by 2013, Animation¶s global growth is currently riding
onseveral key factors, including the spread of IT and telecommunications, lower prices of
hardwareand software, liberalization of local markets towards global content, and increased
means of visual communication.The Indian industry itself is poised to reach the $1 billion
milestone in a couple of years. Fuelled bythe multi- billion dollar grossing movies like
Avatar, the industry has caught popular attention andhas sparked the aspirations of thousands
of Indian students. In fact India has the potential tobecome the animation hub for the
international market and also create original world class content.With media majors like Walt
Disney, Sony DreamWorks and Lucas film moving to distributedproduction models and
seeking to access the fast growing youthful markets outside the US, theindustry is bound to
see more and more foreign and domestic investment in this sunrise sector.Rapid availability
of trained talent though, remains the main bottleneck for growth. This is whereMAAC steps
in.
INDUSTRY PROFILE
the phenomenon of persistence of vision, and can be created and demonstrated in a number of
ways. The most common method of presenting animation is as a motion picture or video
Early examples of attempts to capture the phenomenon of motion drawing can be found in
paleolithic cave paintings, where animals are depicted with multiple legs in superimposed
A 5,200 year old earthen bowl found in Iran in Shahr-i Sokhta has five images of a goat
painted along the sides. This has been claimed to be an example of early animation.[1]
However, since no equipment existed to show the images in motion, such a series of images
The phenakistoscope, praxinoscope, as well as the common flip book were early popular
animation devices invented during the 1800s, while a Chinese zoetrope-type device was
invented already in 180 AD.[3][4][5][6] These devices produced movement from sequential
drawings using technological means, but animation did not really develop much further until
Georges Méliès was a creator of special-effect films; he was generally one of the first people
to use animation with his technique. He discovered a technique by accident which was to stop
the camera rolling to change something in the scene, and then continue rolling the film. This
idea was later known as stop-motion animation. Méliès discovered this technique accidentally
when his camera broke down while shooting a bus driving by. When he had fixed the camera,
a hearse happened to be passing by just as Méliès restarted rolling the film, his end result was
Ý
that he had managed to make a bus transform into a hearse. This was just one of the great
The earliest surviving stop-motion advertising film was an English short by Arthur
J. Stuart Blackton was possibly the first American filmmaker to use the techniques of stop-
concepts at the turn of the 20th century, with his first copyrighted work dated 1900. Several
of his films, among them (1900) and Humorous Phases of Funny
faces (1906) were film versions of Blackton's "lightning artist" routine, and utilized modified
appear to move and reshape themselves. 'Humorous Phases of Funny Faces' is regularly cited
as the first true animated film, and Blackton is considered the first true animator.
industry of its own during the 1910s, and cartoon shorts were produced to be shown in movie
theatre . The most successful early animation producer was John Randolph Bray, who, along
with animator Earl Hurd, patented the cel animation process which dominated the animation
Traditional animation (also called cel animation or hand-drawn animation) was the process
used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of a traditionally
animated film are photographs of drawings, which are first drawn on paper. To create the
illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators'
drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels, which are
¯
filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The
completed character cels are photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a
The traditional cel animation process became obsolete by the beginning of the 21st century.
Today, animators' drawings and the backgrounds are either scanned into or drawn directly
into a computer system. Various software programs are used to color the drawings and
simulate camera movement and effects. The final animated piece is output to one of several
delivery media, including traditional 35 mm film and newer media such as digital video. The
"look" of traditional cel animation is still preserved, and the character animators' work has
remained essentially the same over the past 70 years. Some animation producers have used
the term "tradigital" to describe cel animation which makes extensive use of computer
technology.
Examples of traditionally animated feature films include r (United States, 1940),
(United Kingdom, 1954), and (Japan, 1988). Traditional animated films
which were produced with the aid of computer technology include (US, 1994)
and
! (2003).
films, which regularly use detailed drawings and plausible movement. Fully animated
films can be done in a variety of styles, from more realistically animated works such
as those produced by the Walt Disney studio ( , ,
king to the more "cartoony" styles of those produced by the Warner Bros. animation
studio (Iron Giant, Quest for Camelot, Cats Don't Dance). Many of the /Disney
animate features are examples of full animation, as are non-Disney works such as The
Secret of NIMH (US, 1982) and " # (US, 1999), $ (Spain, 2007)
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½ involves the use of less detailed and/or more stylized drawings
and methods of movement. Pioneered by the artists at the American studio United
and much of the anime produced in Japan. Its primary use, however, has been in
producing cost-effective animated content for media such as television (the work of
Hanna-Barbera, Filmation, and other TV animation studios) and later the Internet
(web cartoons). Some examples are; Spongebob Squarepants (USA, 1999±present),
The Fairly OddParents (USA, 2001±present) and Invader Zim (USA, 2001±2006).
trace live-action movement, frame by frame. The source film can be directly copied
used as a basis and inspiration for character animation, as in most Disney films, or
used in a stylized and expressive manner, as in ) ' (US, 2001) and
(US, 2006). Some other examples are: " (USA, 1983) and * !
x (1981).
live action shots. One of the earlier uses of it was Koko the Clown when Koko was
drawn over live action footage. Other examples would include ) (
( &&+ (USA, 1988),
, (USA, 1996) and -, (USA, 2002).
world objects and photographing them one frame of film at a time to create the illusion of
movement. There are many different types of stop-motion animation, usually named after the
type of media used to create the animation. Computer software is widely available to create
model animation. The puppets generally have an armature inside of them to keep
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them still and steady as well as constraining them to move at particular joints.
/012230
(US, 2005), (US, 2009), the films of Jiří Trnka
animated films which typically use a different version of a puppet for different
The figures may have an armature or wire frame inside of them, similar to the related
puppet animation (below), that can be manipulated in order to pose the figures.
Alternatively, the figures may be made entirely of clay, such as in the films of Bruce
Bickford, where clay creatures morph into a variety of different shapes. Examples of
include Wallace and Gromit: Curse of the Were-Rabbit, Chicken Run and The
Adventures of Mark Twain
½
backlit and only visible as silhouettes. Examples include ! ' r
(Weimar Republic, 1926) and r
(France, 2000).
part of a live-action world. Intercutting, matte effects, and split screens are often employed to
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blend stop-motion characters or objects with live actors and settings. Examples include the
work of Ray Harryhausen, as seen in films such , (1961), and the
½ ô is a variant of model animation which uses various techniques to create
motion blur between frames of film, which is not present in traditional stop-motion.
The technique was invented by Industrial Light & Magic and Phil Tippett to create
special effects scenes for the film
(1980). Another example
½
½ is Vermithrax from Dragonslayer (1981 film).
½ frame to create movement. At other times, the graphics remain stationary, while the
stop-motion camera is moved to create on-screen action.
½ R r' involves the use of live humans as stop motion characters. This allows
people to appear to slide across the ground, and other such effects. Examples of
backlit and only visible as silhouettes. Examples include ! 'r
(Weimar Republic, 1926) and r
(France, 2000).
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GLOBAL POTENTIAL ±
INDIAN POTENTIAL-
India animation industry is growing at 30 percent annual growth rate to generate $9.5
billion revenues by the year 2009.
Walt Disney, Imax, Warner Brothers and Sony signing up huge contracts with Indian
animation companies.
With just a 20,000 total strength, India is short of more than 1.5 lakh technical experts
in the animation industry which would increase to 3 lakh by 2008 end..
Career Options
Film
Television
Advertising
Games Development
Cartoons
Internet
Architectural Design.
Education
Medical.
Virtual Training.
Engineering Design
Print Media
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Specialization
Animation.
Compositing.
Editing.
Character designing.
Product designing.
Architectural designing.
Game designing.
Environment Designing.
Automobile designing.
Engineering designing.
Story Boarding.
Layout designing.
Industry Requirements :
Storyboard Designing
Character Designing
cX
Character Designing ± Realistic
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The use of Animation and VFX is each and every sector, and no any movie will create
½ Photo Realistic Animation, is used primarily for animation that attempts to resemble
real life, Using advanced rendering that makes detailed skin, plants, water, fire,
clouds, etc to mimic real life. Examples include Up (2009, USA), Kung-Fu Panda,Ice
Shading looked stark and less blending colors. Examples include, Skyland (2007,
France), Appleseed (2007, Japan), The Legend of Zelda: Wind Waker (2002, Japan)
½ Motion capture, is used when live action actors wear special suits that allow
build virtual worlds in which characters and objects move and interact. 3D animation can
#&#(
½ &) * : a technique where footage is produced by creating the
images
directly on film stock, for example by Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage.
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artist manipulates the image. For example, William Kentridge is famous for his
charcoal
erasure films.
create each frame for an animated film. This creates an interesting effect when
animated
½ $+: A flip book (sometimes, especially in British English, called a flick book)
is a book
with a series of pictures that vary gradually from one page to the next, so that when
the
pages are turned rapidly, the pictures appear to animate by simulating motion or some
other change. Flip books are often illustrated books for children, but may also be
geared
towards adults and employ a series of photographs rather than drawings. Flip books
are not
always separate books, but may appear as an added feature in ordinary books or
magazines,
often in the page corners. Software packages and websites are also available that
convert
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Game Designing
Engineering Design
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Environment Designing
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PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
Andheri west.MAAC is developed by Ketan Mehta Sir. The origin of our organization was in
Mumbai. I would liketo say that why MAAC is organized and what was the cause to
organized this Acedemics. There isvery interesting story behind for the development of the
organization.In 1996, once a movie was making, Ketan Mehta was the director of this movie.
And thename of movie is MAYA MEMSAAB. In that movie there was a scene that
actor(Shahrukh Khan) play his thumb and he became invisible. For that scene of movie Ketan
Mehta paid same amount of money like the total amount of money from this a full movie .
and this scene was suit in America .Because in India there were no any technology that the
scene was suit and no any latest technologySo ketan Mehta went to America. That time
America was the hub of Animation and visual Effect (VFX) and all the animator¶s Directors
were making money. So In this matter Ketan Mehta thought If all the technology ,
equipments, machines , latest camera are available related to the animation and VFX, then all
the suitings can possible. So In this concept Ketan Mehta introduced the Maya
Mehta.
and recipient of several national and international awards for his innovative and
popular films like Mangal Pandey, Maya Memsaab, Mirch Masala, Sardar etc..
India¶s leading computer animation and visual effects studio for films and television.
Working for several countries like Canada, USA, France, Italy and Israil.
Huge number of blockbusters from Bollywood have had their SFX done at MEL.
·c
When all this things were going better then Ketan Mehta thought that all these latest
technology are available and for the suiting equipment are there . so why we hire outsider
technician, why not we introduced an Acedemic for teaching and leanig animation and VFX.
Ketan Mehta. Maya Academy of Advanced Cinematics (MAAC) is the academic wing of
Maya Entertainment Ltd.(MEL), a premier 3D Animation and Visual Effects house based in
Mumbai. MEL's board consists of highly reputable names such as Intel, Enam Financial,
Bhukanvala Holdings and Concept Communications etc. MAAC took shape in 2001 with an
in-house facility at MEL and a parallel setup in North India with the intent to provide high
quality education in 3D Animation and Visual Effects. In a short span of nine years, we've
grown up to a network of more than 70 academic centers spread across India and Middle
East. We also have the largest number of Autodesk certified training centers (ATCs) as well
&**
In keeping with our stature as a primier training institution, we continuosly seek to create the
highest quality of experience possible for our students. MAAC has strong affiliations with
some of
&"*^$&&'
CIE : In its capacity as the non-profit arm of one of the most prestigious and oldest
universities in the world- the university of Cambridge, CIE has given MAAC the status of an
associate Partner. This istie- up to certify our trainers and validate our flagship diploma
courses. Students passing these courses will receive a CIE certificate, printed in Cambridge
··
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION
In a short span of eight years, MAAC grown up to a network of more than 70 academic
centers spread across India and Middle East. MAAC also have the largest number of
Autodesk certified training centers (ATCs) as well as certified instructors in India. MAAC
courses have earned the quality validation from the University of Cambridge International
Examinations (CIE). The training programms at MAAC are accompanied by live projects and
regular workshops and seminars conducted by experts from across the animation industry.
MAAC has a very intuitive teaching philosophy which is centered around concepts and
techniques so as to lay a strong foundation for a practical techno-artist who is well versed in
Why MAAC
·
Maya Academy of Advaced Cinematics (MAAc) organized many events
Appreciate, showcase and encourage the creativity of the animation industry in India.
Initiated in 2003, this event has garnered tremendous support from the animation and
computer graphics fraternity, and has been a key driver and promoter of fresh animation
talent in the country. Other than showcasing student animation work, the event also aims to
showcase premier animation work from professional studios. Little wonder that the 24 FPS
Awards has become the ultimate recognition for animators in India. The short films created
by MAAC students for 24 FPS have won international acclaim at Apollo Awards
(Singapore), Digicon (Japan), FICCI (India) and FMX (Germany). They are an inspiration to
forthcoming students as to what can be accomplished with correct training and sincere effort.
The showcasing of work of our students is ample proof of their skills and underlines the
SRIJAN MAAC has launched another unique platform aimed at bringing the industry and
student community together to interact and share knowledge. Srijan is a travelling event
which is held in each zone every year. It reaches out to the entire animation industry and
student body pan-India, and spreads awareness of animation as a career stream. Work done
by MAAC students is showcased, industry experts share their insights and several thousand
people gather in each event to strengthen and unite the animation sector.
·Æ
NODDY Our students have worked in animation team of MEL(Maya Entertainment Limited)
who did production of acclaimed TV series Noddy, based on the character "Noddy" created
by famed children's author 'Enid Blyton'. The television show based on the character is the
longest running show in British television since 1955, and continues to appear to this day.
Also mainstream cartoon channels like Cartoon Network and POGO do air "NODDY" in the
Asian region.
MMS (MAAC Mentor Series)A special initiative from MAAC led by Mr. Sanjeev Waeerkar
(CCO, MAAC) and Mr. Narayan Shivale (Senior Animator) has brought in students of
MAAC from all over India in creating a phenomenon named "Cricket X", all set to rock the
IPL this season. As a director Mr. Sanjeev Waeerkar has worked on various animation
productions with companies from across the globe including the famous award winning
VFX War
VFX War is another motivational platform for students to translate classroom theory into
practice. They create short live action films with heavy visual effects, to enter in the
competition. The events are attended by thousands of students, parents and professionals.
The National Student Meet is a forum for students from various centres to visit a hub of
animation like Mumbai, attend case studies and workshops, and visit top studies to get a feel
of the professional environment. This interaction draws them closer to the global community
of animation professionals.
·X
PRESENT STATUS OF THE ORGANIZATION .
To maintain our position as a leader in 3D and VFX training, we organize some of these
extra-curricular workshops.As the industry is growing at a rapid pace, we help the students to
match the industry standards by conducting workshops from industry experts on several
fronts and by technical mentors, likeActing workshop : Mr. Rajesh Tailang, Actor, Director,
Writer and visiting faculty with National School of Drama Delhi, guides our students to
Light and Camera seminar : Taken by Mr. Alok Notiyal, assistant cameraman from
bollywood, worked on several movies like Sarkar Raj, Yuvraj, Aagey Se Right etc.
Gaming Pipeline Seminar : Industry experts from gaming companies, helps students to
developing very fast, this industry is a big source of employment for all CG artists. Our
Weekly Workshops on technical and artistic activities : Our mentors guide the students on all
the technical skills they need to develop for their growth in the highly competitive industry.
departments.
·
List of Placement Companies
·
Sumohah Advertisements
Beejal
Cloud Nine
Essede Nutek
Tara Haat Information
VRG Electronics
Mercureal Link
Ishir Infotech
Quick Sand Studio
Space Creators
Relioquick Advertising and Marketing
GH Graphics
Spiral Product Design Pvt. Ltd
Jupiter Gold
Aura Integrated Event Solutions
APNATEK
Successful Placements
·Ý
Amit Sharma - SAB TV
Nidhi Vikram - Prime Focus
Abhinav Raaj - Root Infosolutions
Chanchal Kr. Singh - Influence BTL
Amit Jude - Picasso
Ranjana - AVI
Manjeey - 3D Solutions
Rohit Sharma - Root Infosolutions
Rajesh Kumar - CAD Plus India
Gopal Singh Negi - ANTAREF
Parul Sinha 3D Advertising
³Professional may pursue careers in various industries like film, television, commercial
advertising and design as well as business and industry with the help of animation and visual
ffects. One can go head-to-head with ultra-talented students who fiercely vie for the most
competitive
positions in notable studios and design firms´, says Ms. Aruna Kumar, Zonal Head South
Zone of MAAC.
because of its USP, which revolves around CREATIVITY and PEDAGOGY. The three-fold
Creative Team : MAAC is promoted and run by a team of creative professionals who thrive
on their imagination and inspiration. Moreover the instructors are industry experienced.
End Users : MAYA Entertainment, the parent group is the real life end user of all that is
being offered by MAAC - both in terms of the inputs (the software) and the outputs (the
trained students - since the really talented ones are absorbed in the organization itself). Also
MAAC is one of the very few institutes that offer Character Animation.
Real Life Environment: Because of the business constituents of MEL, the students are trained
·¯
in an On-the-job environment. Hence, the training also incorporates additional intricate
^$&!r&&#
Under the new initiative, ô has entered into an exclusive &&#)#"
Diploma in Computer Generated Imagery. The Degree, Diploma and Certificate courses will
be delivered fromThe career courses at MAAC give you a head start after 10 +2 by taking
you through various aspects of Computer Graphics, right from the Print and Publishing
industries, Internet and Web Delivery to 3D Animation, Visual Effects and Film work. The
content enables you to adapt into a CG oriented lifestyle and fit into a broad range of work
spheres. .
FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE ORGANIZATION
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Chapter-2.5 Organized Structure
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PRODUCT AND SERVICE PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION COMPETITORS
1. Framebox
2. Arena
3. Picasso
4. Tcs
5. Animaster
0 12&
Just few years back, animation was taken as kid's entertainment and was restricted to
cartoons. But that's not the case anymore. There has been a tremendous shift in the audience
for animated movies and animated movies have gained huge popularity amongst adults and
grown ups. Blockbuster movies like Ice Age and Shrek which were equally popular among
Entertainment Limited, India's premier 3D Animation training Institute, has always been one
of the leading institute to impart the best animation education to the kids. Quality education
teamed with proper guidance from the industry professionals has been the base principle
MAAC also recently announced the 3 year degree in animation, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) in
3D animation & VFX, in association with the World's largest Open University IGNOU.
MAAC also has the largest network of Authorised Training Centre (ATC's) of Autodesk and
WACOM Authorised Training Centres (WATC). The institute has pioneered animation
training in the country and has also taken initiatives for the growth and development of the
industry by promoting young talents through events like 24 FPS Animation Awards - an
annual event conceptualized by MAAC that helps in seeking the finest talents in animation in
the country. Its other divisions include an award winning international production studio
engaged in outsourcing and own IP production work, and also a creative development
MAAC in an exclusive association with IGNOU, the world¶s largest Open University, now
lends the credibility of a Bachelors¶ degree to your animation education. Through the course
AD3D EDGE has been designed keeping in mind the skill set enhancement of a student. The
course covers the complete process of animation film making, right from the pre-production
animation film making. Along with this, the students also get a thorough grounding in the
The course has been structured to expose students to the details of Pre-Production and Digital
Æ
Film Making, along with the an overall understanding of the 3D Animation pipeline. Students
First of a kind course to introduce school students to nuances of the Animation & VFX
industry. Tailor made so that the students can get a sneak peek in design, animation, VFX and
X
MARKET PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
Basically Market profile of the Organization is Education and the production house
It has over 70 centres with cutting edge infrastructure in over 40 cities. Diploma courses
associated with IGNOU, world¶s largest open University. It is providing real time training
environment. It has also a branch in u.K , Dubai etc. Now it has a Production House, Maya
production house and Institute. It has many projects national and international project.
National Projects
Deham Scanning
Mitti Scanning
Rangai Jaane Rangama Scanning, Printing
International Projects
WSOP ± USA
DISCUSSION ON TRAINING
WORK PROFILE
As the company was dealing in animation Industry, so I have to visit all the institute of 12 th
classes and I was conducted the seminar and presentation. From this all the students of the
It was the peak time for the Academic that all the admissions take in this session, So I was
the part of our company. My target was the student who study in 8th class to Graduation, But
my Actual target was 12th class student. Because our Academic started the Deegre in B.A in
Animation.
For spread awareness about Academic and animation we used to stand a knopy and standing
For the advertisement, and I had Broachers, Pamphlets and Banner. For such activity my
senior and my sir were always with me and my team. My work was to talk with the students
who were come near the knopy and talked with him or her about career counselling. And
after talk I was take his name, address, Academic Qualifications etc. And this information
submit to the marketing coordinator Mrs. Damini. who took the follow up of that student
Ý
KEY LEARNINGS
There are very glorious conditions of working here. Ample of things are there to learn from
our seniors who have such a good knowledge and skills along with their experiences.
They just help us like the mentors and being working as a trainee they really help us
with our future prospective and teaching us from the ground level to clear our organizational
working base.
I also grasped the organizational culture of the company , I learned the basic practicals of
Marketing , how the marketing strategies are made , how the customers are targeted for
the products and services, what is the best suitable time of marketing, how the advertisement
I learn how to deal with the customers , to maintain a relation with them which will work
for the long terms of the business , and the every possible ways of turning of the customers
learned the system of effective advertisement which will be the best sourse to attract the
customers. The basics of effective advertisement sources so that the information can be
So it was really experience of learning things for my future growth and applying all these
Principles and system for the future , and I really thanks this company for making me feel
¯
To evaluate the performances of the employee and improve on their weakness weekly
company¶s meetings were held on weekends , in this meeting each employee performance
is evaluated and to help them work in areas in which they are lacking. This really enhanced
my working stamina and the changes which I have to made for my better performance
in the company. So I am very thankful to my senior and Sir who has give me such
opportunity to spend time with him I will always thankful to you sir.
Æ
*#&&#&$
#&&#&$4
Usually we say that a research problem does exist if the following conditions are met with:
1. There must be an individual (or a group or an organization), let us call it µI¶, to whom
the problem can be attributed. The individual or the organization, as the case may be,
occupies an environment, say µN¶, which is defined by value of the uncontrolled
variables, Y.
2. There must be at least two courses of action, say C1 and C2, to be pursued. A course
of action is defined by one or more values of the controlled variables. For example,
the number of items purchased at a specified time is said to be one course of action.
3. There must be at two possible outcomes, say O1 and O2, of the course of action, of
which one should be preferable to the other. In other words, this means that there
must be at least one outcome that the researcher wants, i.e., an objective.
4. The course of action available must provide some chance of obtaining the objective,
but they cannot provide the same chance, otherwise the choice would not matter.
&$
The research problem undertake for study must be carefully selected. The task is difficult
one, although it may not appear to be so. Help may be taken from a research guide in this
connection. Nevertheless, every researcher must find out his own salvation for research
problems cannot be borrowed. A problem must spring from the researcher¶s mind like a plant
springing from its own seed. The following points may be observed by the researcher in
selecting a research problem or a subject for research:
1. Subject which is overdone should not be normally chosen, for it will be a difficult
task to throw any new light in such a case.
2. Controversial should not become the choice of an average researcher.
3. Too narrow or too vague problems should be avoided.
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4. The subject for research should be familiar and feasible so that the related research
material or sources of research are within one¶s reach.
5. The importance of the subject, the qualifications and the training of a researcher, the
costs involved, and the time factor are few other criteria that must also be considered
in selecting a problem. In other words, before the final selection of a problem is
done, a researcher must ask himself the following questions:
a. Whether he is well equipped in terms of his background to carry out the research?
b. Whether the study falls within the budget he can afford?
c. Whether the necessary cooperation can be obtained from those who must
participate in research as subjects?
If the subject for research is selected properly by observing the above mentioned points, the
research will not be a boring drudgery, rather it will be love¶s labour. In fact, zest for work is
a must. The subject or the problem selected must involve the researcher and must have an
upper most place in his mind so that he may undertake all pains needed for the study.
"**#&$
Quite often we all hear that a problem clearly stated is a problem half solved. This segment
signifies the need for defining a research problem. The problem to be investigated must be
defined unambiguously for that will help to discriminate relevant data from the irrelevant
ones. A proper research problem will enable the researcher to be the track whereas an ill-
defined problem may create hurdles. Question like:
Thus, defining a research problem properly is a prerequisite for any study and is a step of the
highest importance. In fact, formulation of a problem is often more essential than its solution.
It is only on careful detailing the research problem that we can work out the research design
and can smoothly carry on all the consequence step involved while doing research.
Æ·
#(*&$
Defining a research problem properly and clearly is a crucial part of a research study and
must in no case be accomplished hurriedly. However, in practice this frequently overlooked
which causes a lot of problems later on. Hence, the research problem should be defined in a
systematic manner, giving due weighted to all relating points. The technique for the purpose
involves the undertaking of the following steps generally one after the other:
c. *#&$&)"
First of all the problem should be stated in a broad general way, keeping in view either some
practical concern or some scientific or intellectual interest. For this purpose, the researcher
must immerse himself thoroughly in the subject matter concerning which he wished to pose a
problem. In case of social research, it is considered advisable to do some field observation
and as such the researcher may undertake some short of preliminary survey or what is often
called pilot survey. Then the researcher can himself state the problem or he can seek the
guidance of the guide or the subject expert in accomplishing this task. Often, the guide puts
forth the problem in the general terms, and it is then up to the researchers to narrow it down
and phrase the problem in operational terms. In case there is some directive from an
organizational authority, the problem then can be stated accordingly. The problem stated in a
broad general way may contain various ambiguities which must be resolved by cool thinking
and rethinking over the problem. At the same time the feasibility of a particular solution has
to be considered and the same should be kept in view while stating the problem.
5.&#&*#&$
The next step in defining the problem is to understand its origin and nature clearly. The best
way of understanding is to discuss it with those who first raised it in order to find out how the
problem originally came about and with what objectives in view. If the researcher has stated
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the problem himself, he should consider once again all those points that induced him to make
a general statement concerning the problem. For a better understanding of the nature of the
problem involved, he can enter in to discussion with those who have a good knowledge of the
problem concerned or similar other problems. The researcher should also keep in view the
environment within which the problem is to be studied and understood.
0. &"#$&&
All available literature concerning the problem at hard must necessarily be surveyed and
examined before a definition of a research problem is given. This mean that the researcher
must be well-conversant with relevant theories in the field, reports and records as also all
other relevant literature. He must devote sufficient time in reviewing of research already
undertaken on related problems. This is done to find out what data and other materials, if any,
are available for operational purposes. ³Knowing what data are available often serves to
narrow the problem itself as well as the technique that might be used.´ This would also help a
researcher to know if there are certain gaps in the theories, or whether the existing theories
applicable to the problem under study are inconsistent with each other, or whether the
findings of the different studies do not follow a pattern consistent with the theoretical
expectations and so on.
6.##&#
Discussion concerning a problem often produces useful information. Various new ideas can
be developed through such exercise. Hence, a researcher must discuss his problem with his
colleagues and others who have enough experience in the same area or in working on similar
problems. This is quite often known as an experience survey. People with reach experience
are in a position to enlighten the researcher on different aspects of his proposed study and
their advice and comments are usually invaluable to the researcher. They help him sharpen
his focus of attention on specific aspects within the field. Discussion with such persons
should not only be confined to the formulation of the specific problem at hand, but should
also be concerned with the general approach to the given problem, techniques that might be
used, possible solutions, etc.
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Finally the researcher must sit to rephrase the research problem into a working proposition.
Once the nature of the problem has been clearly understood, the environment has been
defined, discussion over the problem have taken place and the available literature has been
surveyed and examined, rephrasing the problem into analytical or operational terms is not a
difficult task. In addition to what has been stated above, the following points must also
1. Technical terms and words or phrases, with special meanings used in the statement of
2. Basic assumption or postulates relating to the research problem should be clearly
stated.
3. A straight forward statement of the value of the investigation should be provided.
4. The suitability of the time-period and the source of data available must also be
^
We may conclude by saying that the task of defining a research problem, very often, follows
a sequential pattern- the problem is stated in a general way, the ambiguities are resolved,
thinking and rethinking process results is a more specific formulation so that it may be a
realistic one in terms of the available data and resources and is also analytically meaningful.
All this result in a well defined research problem that is not only meaningful from an
operational point of view, but is equally capable of paving the way for the development of
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,7^
^
The purpose of research is to discover the answers to questions through the application
of scientific procedures. The main aim of research is to find out the truth which is hidden
and which has not been discovered yet. Through each research study has its own specific
purpose, we may think of research objectives as falling into a number of following broad
groupings :
To gain familiarity with a phenomenon and to achieve new insights into it.
research studies.
of a hypothesis , collecting the facts of data , analysing the facts and reaching
certain conclusions.
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FOLLOWING ARE THE POINTS OF THE OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
1) Desire to get a research degree along with its consequential benefits .
2) Desire to face the challenges in solving the unsolved problem, i.e, concern
social thinking and awakening, and the like may as well motivate (of at times
The study of research methodology gives the student the necessary training
work when required, and also training in techniques for the collection of data
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I. For one who preparing himself for a career of carrying out research, the importance of
knowing research methodology and research techniques is obvious since the same
constitute the tools of his trade. The knowledge of methodology provides good
training specially to the new research worker enables him to do better research. It
helps him to develop disciplined thinking or a µbent of mind¶ to observe the field
objectively. Hence, those aspiring for careerism in research mush develop the skill of
using research techniques and mmust thoroughly understand the logic behind them.
11.Knowledge of how to do research will inculate the ability to evaluate and use research
results with reasonable confidence. In other words, we can state that the knowledge of
administration, community development and social work where persons are increasingly
When one knows how research is done, then one may have the satisfaction of acquiring a
new intellectual tool which can become a way of looking at the world and of judging every
problems facing us in practical life at different points of time. Thus, the knowledge of
I. In this scientific age , all of us are in many ways consumers of research
results and we can use them intelligently provided we are able to judge
the adequacy of the methods by which they have been obtained. The
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Significane of Research
³All progress is born of inquiry. Doubt is often better than overconfidence, for it leads to i
nquiry, and inquiry leads to invention´ is a famous Husdson Maxim in context of which the
progress possible. Research inculates scientific and inductive thinking and it promoted the
The role of research in several fields of applied economics, whether related to business of to
the economy as a whole, has greatly increased in modern times. The increasingly complex
nature of business and government has focused attention on the use of research in solving
Research provides the basis for nearly all government policies in our economic system. For
instance, government¶s budgets rest in part on an analysis of the needs has to be equated to
probable revenues and this is a field where research is most needed. Through research we
can devise alternatives policies and can as well examine the consequences of each of these
alternatives. Decision-making may not be a part of research, but research certainly facilities
the decisions of the policy maker. Government has also to chalk out programmes for dealing
with all facets of the country¶s existence and most of these will be related directly of
indirectly to economic conditions. The plight of cultivators, the problems of big and small
business and industry, working conditions, trade union activities, the problems of
distribution, even the size and nature of defence services are matters requiring research.
Thus, research is considered necessary with regard to the allocation of nation¶s resources.
economic and social structure of the nation. Such information indicates what is happening
in the economy and what changes are taking place. Research has its special significance in
solving various operational and planning problem of business and industry. Operations
research and market research , along with motivational research, are considered crucial and
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their results assist, in more than one way, in taking business decisions. Market research is
the investigation of the structure and development of a market for the purpose of
formulating efficient policies for purchasing, production and sales. Operations research
refers to the application of mathematical, logical and analytical techniques to the solution of
do is mainly concerned with market characteristics. In other words it is concerned with the
equally important for social scientists in stying social relationships and in seeking answers to
various social problems. It provides the intellectual satisfaction of knowing a few things just
for the sake of knowledge and also has practical utility for the social scientist to know for
the sake of being able to do something better or in a more efficient manner. Research in
sciences is concerned both with knowledge for its own sake and with knowledge for what it
can contribute to practical concerns. This double emphasis is perhaps especially appropriate
in the case of social science. On the other hand, its responsibility as a science is to develop a
body of principles that make possible the understanding and perfection of the whole range
of human interactions. On the other hand, because of its social orientation, it is increasingly
being looked to for practical guidance in solving immediate problems of human relations.
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RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
The formidable problem that follows the task of defining the research problem is the
design ³.decisions regarding what, where, when, how much, by what means concerning
³A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collections and analysis of data in a
manner that aims to combine the relevance to the research purpose with economy in
procedure.´ In fact , the research deign is the conceptual structure within which research is
conducted. It constitutes the blueprint for the collection , management and analysis of data.
As such the design includes an outline of what researcher will do from writing the hypothesis
Research design is needed because it facilitates the smooth sailing of the various research
Information with minimal expenditure of effort , time and money. Just for as better,
economical
attractive construction of a house , we need a blueprint well thought out and prepared by an
expert architect, similarly we need a research design and plan in advance of data collection
and analysis of our research project. Research design stands for advance planning of the
methods to be adopted for collecting the relevant data and the techniques to be used in
their analysis.
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Preparation of research design should be done with great care as any error in it may upset the
entire project. Research design in fact has a great bearing on the reliability of the results
arrived at end and as such constitutes the firms foundation of the entire edifice of the research
work. Even then the need for a well thought out research design at times not realized by
many . The importance this problem deserve is not given to it. As a result many researches
do not serve the purpose for which thy are undertaken. In fact they they even give misleading
conclusions. Thoughtless in designing the result project may result in rendring the research
exercise futile. It is therefore , imperative that an efficient and appropriate design must be
prepared before starting the research operations. The design helps the researcher to organize
his
ideas in a form whereby it will be possible for him to look for flaws and inadequacies.
Such a design can even be given to others for their comments and critical evaluation. In the
absence of such a course of action, it will be difficult for the critic to provide a
comprehensive
A research design for a research problem , usually involves the considerations of the
following
Factors :
5) The availability of time and money for the research work.
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Before describing the designs , it will be important to explain the various concepts relating to
3) Control
8) Treatments
9) Experiment
various steps that are adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along
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with the logic behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to not only know the research
The study of research methodology gives student the necessary training in gathering the
material and arranging them , participation in the field work when required, and also training
in techniques for the collection of the appropriate data to particular problems, in use of
out and interpreting it. In fact, importance of knowing the methodology of research or how
1} For one who is preparing himself for a career of carrying out research, the importance of
knowing the research methodology and research techniques is obvious since the same
constitutes the tool of his trade. The knowledge of methodology provides good tra ining
specially to the new research worker and enables him to do better research.
2} knowledge of how to do research will inculcate the ability to evaluate and use research
results with reasonable confidence. In other words, we can say that the knowledge
administration, community development and social work where persons are increasingly
3} when one knows how research is done, then one may have the satisfaction of acquiring
a new intellectual tool which can become a way of looking at the world and of judging
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Thus the knowledge of research methodology provides tools to took at things in
life objectively.
4} In this scientific age , all of us are in many ways consumers of research results and we
can use them intelligently provided we are able to judge the adequacy of the methods by
which they have been obtained. The knowledge of methodology helps the consumers
of research results to evaluate them and enables to take the rational decisions.
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
There are very glorious conditions of working here. Ample of things are there to learn from
our seniors who have such a good knowledge and skills along with their experiences.
They just help us like the mentors and being working as a trainee they really help us
with our future prospective and teaching us from the ground level to clear our organizational
working base.
I also grasped the organizational culture of the company , I learned the basic practicals of
Marketing , how the marketing strategies are made , how the customers are targeted for
the products and services, what is the best suitable time of marketing, how the advertisement
I learn how to deal with the customers , to maintain a relation with them which will work
for the long terms of the business , and the every possible ways of turning of the customers
learned the system of effective advertisement which will be the best sourse to attract the
customers. The basics of effective advertisement sources so that the information can be
So it was really experience of learning things for my future growth and applying all these
Principles and system for the future , and I really thanks this company for making me feel
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CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
company that is an innovation in the field of Animation and VFX, is a company that is a
quality of name in the field of education system.It was my honour that my institute gave me
such a great opportunity of summer training in such a company that is at growth stage.The
main quality of the organization that all the seniors are very cooperative,at everyday of my
working I learnt something new from my senior..So I pay thanks to HIERANK SCHOOL
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Internet
Animation Magazine
Prospectus of MAAC
Marketing Teams
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.maacindia.com
www.google.com
By C.R Kothari
Training Diary
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