1. The document provides an overview of notable pieces of music from different periods including the Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras. Key composers mentioned include Gregorian, Josquin Desprez, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Joseph Haydn.
2. The pieces discussed span different genres including masses, motets, madrigals, operas, symphonies, sonatas, and serenades. Forms include fugue, variation, minuet and trio, and sonata forms. Textures include polyphonic, homophonic, and variations
1. The document provides an overview of notable pieces of music from different periods including the Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras. Key composers mentioned include Gregorian, Josquin Desprez, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Joseph Haydn.
2. The pieces discussed span different genres including masses, motets, madrigals, operas, symphonies, sonatas, and serenades. Forms include fugue, variation, minuet and trio, and sonata forms. Textures include polyphonic, homophonic, and variations
1. The document provides an overview of notable pieces of music from different periods including the Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras. Key composers mentioned include Gregorian, Josquin Desprez, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Joseph Haydn.
2. The pieces discussed span different genres including masses, motets, madrigals, operas, symphonies, sonatas, and serenades. Forms include fugue, variation, minuet and trio, and sonata forms. Textures include polyphonic, homophonic, and variations
Medieval Period Descending: Madrigal Gregorian Chant: Dies Irae - collection of madrigals, including - Chant to organum “As Vesta…” written in honor of Anon: Estampie Queen Elizabeth I Perotin: Alleluia: Nativitas - Organum - madrigals by different composers Franceso Landin: Ecco la Primavira – - Genre: Madrigal Trovadoures - “long live fair Oriana” Guillaume de Machaut – Notre Dame - simple rhythms - dupic Mass Agnus Dei - clear harmonies - harmonious chords are heard; Rennaisance melodies – lively but they also become as the pitch progresses Josquin Desprez Ave Maria Virgo - texture: homophonic but it gets Serena: Motet polyphonic at place; imitative - Witten in honor of the Virgin Mary - crisp, engaging melodic motives - Used for church/ for interlude - accurate declamation - Rhetorical text: spiritual unity - frequent word painting - Clear imitation, highest to lowest - through-composed (paratactic) voices, polyphonic (4) form - Latin – derived from a poem - metric - Imitation & 4-part vocal ensemble Thomas Morley: Now is the Month of 1. Imitative polyphony Maying: Madrigal 2. Alternate between polyphonic - Performed during spring and homophonic lines - Tonality: major key lyrically repetitive - Tempo: allegro (lively) - Accompanied or used in liturgical - Mood: joyful service, counter information of - Rhythmic feature: 4/4 time Martin Luther (“Christian chant”) signature; upbeat; dotted rhythms - Mass (5 sections): 1. Kyrie Elieson, - Genre: Balleto (light-hearted secular Kristi Elieson 2. Gloria 3. Santos English song) (Sanctus & Benedictus) 4. Lamb of - Strophic; 2 contracting sections; God (Agnus Dei) 5. Credo Rhythmic & mixed voice; treble - Morley seems to use more of a Giovanni Pierluigi da Palistrina: chordal, almost homophonic Pope Marcellus Mass, Kyrie – texture rather than imitation Renaissance Mass - Meant for entertainment - Polyphonic choral music L’Orfeo-Claudio Monteverdi: “Tu Se - “imitative” polyphony and Morta” homophonic in which the basic - First Opera music melodies and thus, their words are - English: You are Dead stated clearly in a single voice - Selection – Tu se morta - cantus firmus (a simple melody - Form – Opera/ through- usually derived from a preexisting composed Gregorian chant). - Arioso – tuneful then recitative - Timbre – voices, strings, basso were complex. In Ritornello form, continuo means “returning”. - Melody – one voice, text about - A song about the four seasons woman that dies from poisonous which included a series of poems snake bite describing each season’s event. - Harmony – simple, mourning George Frideric Handel: “Hallelujah - Dynamics – no gradual changes, Chorus” from Messiah (oratorio low key, very passionate book – smaller) - Texture - polyphonic, with - A song written during his hard times closing from the choir which helped him over it - Rhythm/Tempo – simple and slow, - Texture: homophony, minor increase in tempo monophony, polyphony (varies), - Two Key Characteristic’s of Stylistic all kinds of texture Period - Form: through composed 1. emotional and theatrical qualities (chorus) 2. feeling of continuity - Finished the whole book in 24 days – just fasting, commissioned - Almost 400 pages composition BAROQUE PERIOD - 3 parts: Old Testament, New Testament and Judgement Day Johann Sebastian Bach: “The Little” Johann Sebastian Bach: Minuet in G Organ Fugue in G Minor - Texture: polyphonic - Form:Fugue - Form: ABA Ternary - Texture: polyphonic music - Minute - “dance” mi- small - The key of G minor, sometimes - Graceful movements associated with sadness, is used extensively in the cantata, which J S Bach: Jesu Joy of Man’s sets Psalm 130, one of the Desiring penitential psalms - Usually played during the advent season Antonio Vivaldi (introduced concerto - Texture: homophonic grezzum): “Spring” from the Four - Form: Chorale and Ritornello Season - String instruments (programmed music) – eventually became CLASSICAL PERIOD orchestra Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Piano - In the Summer piece, it was a Sonata in A.K. 331. Theme & polyphonic texture, contained both Variation crescendos and decrescendos, had - Sonata form an upbeat tone color. - 3 – movement sonata for solo piano - Autumn was more relaxed but still - 3rd movement – Turkish style aspiring. It had a ritornello form and - 1st movement -andante grazioso a homophonic texture. - 2nd movement – menuetto (minuet & - Winter had a darker tone color. It trio) was also played in the ritornello - 3rd movement – allegretto grazioso form and contained leaps in the (sonata-rondo) melodic motion and fast steps that Ludwig Van Beethoven: Symphony led to jagged and complex tunes in No. 5 the melody. It was also a - Form: symphony homophonic texture. - 4 movement - Spring piece was polyphony in texture with short melodies that - 1. Allegro con brio ( C minor) - - Beethoven: important composer sonata form who opened the idea of - 2. Andante con moto (Ab major) - Romanticism (Romantic Period) double variation form (theme and - Orchestral work; 4 movements variations form) - 1st – sonata form, 2nd – scherzo - 3. Scherzo: Allegro – ternary form and trio, 3rd – double variation - ABA (consisting of a scherzo form, 4th – theme and variations and trio) form - 4. Allegro – Presto (c Major) – - 4th movement: taken from the temporarily compressed form, "Ode to Joy", a poem written by includes a very long coda -sonata Friedrich Schiller in 1785 and form revised in 1803, with text additions Franz Joseph Hayden: Serenade Op. made by Beethoven No. 3 - Part symphony and part oratori - Father of Symphony - Deaf – LV lost his hearing - 6 string quarter L V Beethoven: Moonlight Sonata - first movement - “Allegro,” is in - Piano Sonata No. 14 C Sharp Minor sonata form. Opos No.2 - second movement, “Poco - Sonata Almost like a fantasy adagio, cantabile” (“Rather Slow, - Dedicated to Giuliette Guicciardi, 17 Songlike”), uses the elegant yr old pupil “Emperor’s Hymn” as a basis for - Influenced by Giovanni and Mozart variations - 1st – adagio sostenuto – modified - third movement, “Menuetto sonata-allegro form allegro,” is a dance form. The - 2nd – allegretto – scherzo and trio quartet closes with a sometimes - 3rd – presto agitato – sonata form strident, sometimes lilting, W A Mozart: Queen of the Night from - invariably dramatic “Finale: the Magic Flute presto,” again in sonata form. - Story of the queen and prince Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: - aria EineKleine Nachmusik Serenade No. - Opera in 2 acts 13 - Singspiel – popular form which - first movement opens with a includes both singing and bright allegro in sonata form, spoken dialogue has a homophonic texture. - noted for its prominent Masonic - 2nd movement, which is inscribed elements with romance, was composed in a W A Mozart: Variation on K 265 Ah three-part song form (A-part, B- Vous Dirai-ji Maman part and shortened A-part with - “Twelve variations”, English : Ah, final coda. Structure: rondo-like, Mother, if I could tell you with opening section (A) recurring. - French folk song A and B sections in rounded binary - Around 25 songs form. - Variation – timbre, counterpoint etc. - 3rd - in minuet and trio form, - 1. Basic homophonic - 2. Variation - 4th - rondo and sonata-allegro, - Solo piano homophonic - Form: theme and variations Ludwig Van Beethoven: Symphony - Texture: clear and unambiguous No. 9 choral Conclusion; Ode to Joy homophony - Symphony – instrumental only W A Mozart: Symphony No. 40 last - : Large orchestra with some special movement instruments: celesta - 1st – molto allegro (very fast and lively) Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco - 2nd – andante (a slow movement) Verdi: Aida - 3rd – Menuetto Allegretto (a minuet - Contrapuntal texture dance form) – minuet nd trio - Triumphal march - 4th – allegro assai (fast and lively) George Bizet: Habanera from - Sonata form (1st, 2nd, 4th) Carmen - End w/ Homophonic texture - Homophonic texture L V Beethoven: Fur Elise (Bagatelle - Very free in form in A minor) - Festive music - Discovered 40 yrs after his death - Carmen, the cigarette girl falls in - “Fur therese” – Therese mAlfatti – love with corporal Don Jose, but - Bagatelle No. 25 after she meets the strong torero - 5 part rondo – A-B-A-C-A Escamillo, she abandons Don Jose (homophonic) and falls for the torero. Don Jose is demoted to a normal soldier because he sets Carmen for free, ROMANTIC but he loses Carmen at the end. In Frederic Chopin: Nocturne in Eb the final act, Don Jose kills Carmen - Op. 9, No, 2 after he fails for begging her love in - Song of the Night front of the people coming out from - Nocturne – piano piece the abattoir. - Homophonic - Gypsy music cstyle – vivid rhythms - musical form is ABA, or ternary Giacomo Antonio Puccini TUSCA - A part is usually in a dream mood, - Performed by Luigi whereas the B part is more of - Pera dramatic content and overall the - Through-composed mood is melancholic. Giacomo Antonio Puccini: Nessun - ROBATO – extended value of notes Dorma from “Turandot” Sergei Rachmaninoff: Rhapsody on - Tenor aria a Theme of Paganini - “Let no one sleep” - Written for Solo piano and - It is sung by Calaf, il principe ignoto symphony orchestra) (the unknown prince), who falls in - Allegro vivache love at first sight with the beautiful - Inspired by Paganini’s work but cold Princess Turandot. - Set of 24 variations However, any man who wishes to - Variation form wed Turandot must first answer her - texture is thick and chordal. three riddles; if he fails, he will be Peter Ilych Tchaikovsky: Dance of beheaded. In the aria, Calaf the Sugar Plum Fairy from The expresses his triumphant assurance Nutcracker Suite that he will win the princess. - homophonic, moving toward - polyphonic. - Constant crescendo and 20TH CENTURY – MODERN POP decrescendo Claude Debussy: Clair de Lune - Form: Both in ternary: A-B-A - Form: ternary form, or three part form. (ABA) - Ballet music form - Impressionistic music – expresses John Denver: Take Me Home feeling - Homophonic - Homophonic texture - has a prominent status as an iconic Maurice Ravel: Bolero symbol of West Virginia, which it - set of 18 variations on an original describes as "almost Heaven". two-part theme— - ABABCB - in C major, 3/4 time, beginning Aaron Copland: Appalachian Spring pianissimo and rising in a - divided into 14 movements continuous crescendo to fortissimo - orchestral suite possibile (as loud as possible). It is - 8 Sections: built over an unchanging ostinato - 1st – very slow part rhythm played on one or more - 2nd – fast/allegro snare drums that remains constant - 3rd – moderate throughout the piece: - 4th – quite fast Igor Stravinsky: Sacrificial Dance - 6th – very slowly - Was affected of WWI - 7th -calm and flowing (doppio - Expresses about anger and pain movimento) - Expressionist - 8th – moderate - Ballet and orchestra - Homophonic and polyphonic - Form: Sectional (A-B-A'-C-A-D-E- - Episodic nature of ballet F-G-A''-F') - Slowness: peacefulness of the - The Chosen One dances to death in countryside, tenderness, love, the presence of the old men, in the calmness great “Sacrificial Dance”. - Fast tempos: joy, dancing, fear, George Gershwin: Excerpt from excitement Rhapsody in Blue John Philip Sousa (March King) - - Solo piano and Whiteman’s band Military Band of the Officer: The - Harmonic structure Stars and Stripes Forever - Influenced by jazz - Magnus opus (master piece) Khachaturian Sabre Dance - National march (US America) - From Gayane Ballet - U.S. military march form—of - Dance of the Kurds" repeated phrasing of different - n A and B sections, followed by a melodies performed in sections bridge, a return of the A section, called strains: a Sousa legacy. and then a coda John Williams: Star Wars - homophonic - Form and structure: fanfare, - the theme for the celebration of introduction, A-A-B-A, link, Gayane's and Kasakov's wedding, codetta the music is expressing a Russian - The two textures in the opening celebration of music and happiness. music are: Khaturian uses Gayane to express - fanfare imitation between lower pariotism to his country during the and upper brass time of war. - melody-dominated homophony Michael Dadap: Dandansoy throughout - Folk song – Ilonggo, Bacolod – John Williams: Titanic (James Maskara Fest Horner: My Heart Will Go On) - About the boy who want to go to his Elvis Presley Rock N’ Roll Medley hometown - Arrangement are simple - Confused with Kundansoy - Feels spontaneous and fun - lullaby - strophic Ryan Cayabyab: Limang-dipang Tao Ryan Cayabyab: Paraiso Lucio San Pedro – Sa Mahal Kung Bayan Parokya ni Edgar: Pumapatak Na Naman ang Ulan Michael Jackson: BEN - King of pop - Most cultural figure - composed by Walter Scharf for the 1972 film of the same name (the sequel to the 1971 killer rat film Willard) - piano – add color - guitar – melody - standard rhythm Madonna: Like A Virgin - " is a dance-oriented song, composed of two hooks. Nicanor Abelardo: Mutya ng Pasig Sugarfree: Batang Bata Ka Pa
Note: Homophonic form - Rondo - Theme and variations - Minute and trio form