EFFECT OF MAGNETIZED WATER ON THE EARLY STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT OF CONCRETE

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
This chapter contains the background of the study, statement of the
problem, theoretical and conceptual framework, and the constraints of the study. It
also includes the scope and delimitation, significance of the study and the
operational definition of terms used in the study.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world. It is
used in structures such as buildings, bridges, dams, pavements, tunnels, and
playgrounds. Basically, concrete is a mixture of aggregate, cement, and water. The
cement, when added with water, forms a paste that bonds the aggregates together to
make concrete. Water causes the hardening of concrete through a process called
hydration. Hydration is a chemical reaction in which major compounds in cement form
chemical bonds with water molecules and become hydrates or hydration products.
Portland cement compounds which contribute significantly to the strength of
concrete when hydrated are calcium silicates. Tricalcium silicate is responsible
for most of the early strength during the first 7 days. Dicalcium silicate, which
reacts more slowly, contributes only to the strength at later times.
In concrete mixes, one of the recent methods used to enhance the
compressive strength of concrete is by using magnetized water instead of normal tap
water. Magnetized water is when water has been subjected to a magnetic field of
certain strength or when water passes through a magnetic flux. During the eighties
and nineties decades, the development of magnetic devices and their influence in
concrete properties caused a rapid increase in the implementation of magnetized
water technology (Ramachandran and Das 2018). In Russia, researches about
application of magnetic field in manufacturing concrete and concrete blocks were
commenced for military constructions such as airports and jetties (Khorshidi,
Ansari, & Bayat 2014). Initial researches have shown the positive effect of using
magnetized water on the properties of concrete. The results obtained in the
previous studies concluded that the usage of magnetized water improves the
workability of concrete, and increases the rate of hydration, compressive strength,
split tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete. The improvement of the
characteristics of concrete is brought by the molecular structure of magnetized
water in which the magnetic force breaks apart the water clusters into smaller
clusters. This cluster concept leads to effective hydration
(Faris, Al-Mahaidi & Jadoee 2014; Ramachandran and Das 2018; Khorshidi et al.
2014).

Some of the physical properties of water are changed as normal water

flows through magnetic field. Molecules in the water clusters will decrease to 6 or
5 molecules which will cause decrease in surface tension and an increase in the
percentage of molecules which contributes for the hydration process. Hydration of
cement is faster and more complete with magnetic treated water. Due to the smaller
size of magnetized water molecules, the water layer surrounding the cement is
thinner than normal water molecules, therefore less water demand which has positive
effect of hardened concrete properties (Ramachandran and Das 2018). The
determination of concrete density is based on its water and cement content. With
the increase of rate of hydration, a possible cement reduction may be allowed
(Faris, Al-Mahaidi & Jadooe 2014). Taking this in consideration, the density of
concrete might also alter. This expected change of concrete density will be
determined for future design.

The rate of hydration is a major factor in improving the properties of

concrete. Given the same concrete mix ratio, the initial studies concluded an
increase in the strength of concrete at a particular age using magnetized water.
This is due to the increase in water activity in cement hydration caused by the
molecules of magnetized water. However, the perceived increase in strength of
concrete could possibly be just the effect of accelerated strength development that
after some time it will reach a peak strength. Initial studies have shown that with
higher magnetic strength, concrete properties will improve more than the concrete
applied with weaker magnetic strength. However, these studies focused on the 28th
day strength age. To enhance the results gathered from past studies, the
researchers will focus on the early strength development of concrete by utilizing
normal water concrete and magnetized water concrete. For practicality, this study
will be conducted with consideration to possible actual application.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In the construction industry, admixtures are generally added to concrete
mixture to alter its properties which results in an increased strength and an
increased rate of early strength development for faster removal of formworks which
will result to faster construction. These chemicals are costly and rarely available
in rural areas. To address this problem, introduction of magnetized water in
concrete mix is investigated as a cost effective alternative.

STATEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES

This study aims to assess the difference between the normal water
concrete and magnetized water concrete in terms of early-age compressive strength.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the effect of magnetized water on the early-age strength development
of concrete?
2. What is the percentage difference between magnetized water concrete and
normal water concrete in terms of early-age compressive strength?
3. What is the rate of increase for early-age strength development of magnetized
water concrete?

THEORETICAL / CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Magnetization of Water
Water being commonly described either in terms of its nature, usage, or
origin, descriptively ranges from being highly specific to so general as to be
nondefinitive. After passing through a magnetic field of certain strength, water is
called magnetized water (Su, 2003). Exposing magnetic field to water tends to
change some of its physical properties and as a result of such changes, the cluster
size in water molecules breaks down due to diamagnetism in water and reduce the
bond angle between hydrogen atoms, which will reduce the water hardness, with an
improvement in the workability and strength of concrete when compared to use of
normal water in concrete.
Molecular Structure of Magnetized Water
Water molecules are a polar substance, which tends to be attracted to
each other by hydrogen bonding and forms clusters. The breakdown of water molecules
clusters into small clusters by using magnetic treatment of water which allow
easily penetrate into cementitious grains and that leads to effective hydration
which gave improvement of concrete durability. Each cluster contains about 100
water molecules at room temperature. In a magnetic field, magnetic force can break
apart water clusters into a single molecules or smaller clusters, thus improving
the activity of water. Fig.1 (a) illustrates water molecules arrangement in normal
temperature. Water molecules tend to form clusters with hydrogen bonds, while these
clusters are broken due to the magnetic field when applied as shown in Fig.1 (b),
hence increasing the water activity. Due to the smaller size of magnetized water
molecules, the water layer surrounding the cement is thinner than normal water
molecules, therefore less water demand which has positive effect of hardened
concrete properties.
(a) (b)
Figure 1.1: (a) Clusters of molecules in normal water; (b) Cluster of molecules in

magnetized water (Abdel-Magida, 2007)

Magnetization process of water does change its mechanical properties. As seen in
Fig. 2 it only changes the trajectory of the charged particles movement, and not
its energy (Kumar, 2016). When water is magnetized, it becomes antimagnetized and
inhibits the mineral in concrete from bonding, which causes the minerals of the
concrete and additive to repel each other.

Figure 1.2: Trajectory of charged particles movement, before and after the
magnetizing process (Chavan 2016)
This fact plays a major role in mixing, forming, and curing stages which all
contribute in producing better concrete. All that will contribute in producing a
highquality concrete which can overcome its lack of ability to resist
deterioration.

Principle of Magnetized Water Concrete (MWC)

Production of cement causes lot of environmental pollution has been
noticed one of major problems and quality of water plays a vital role in
presentation of concrete. Impurities of water may hinder with setting of cement and
it may affect the strength and durability. This chemical constituent actively
participated in chemical reaction and affects the setting, hardening and strength
development of concrete. For this alternative solution magnetic water is placed.
The idea of using magnetized water in concrete was first introduced by Fu and Wang
(1994). As mentioned, when water is passed through a magnetic field, the magnetic
force breaks down water clusters into single molecules: water molecules can
penetrate into cement particles more easily, and therefore hydration of cement
particles can be done more effectively. Using magnetized water concrete mixtures
causes an improvement in workability, density, and the compressive and tensile
strengths of concrete. By using magnetized water, the extra strength is used to
address the need for lessening cement usage in the concrete.
Magnetized Water as a sustainable construction material
The most consequential challenge for the concrete construction is to improve the
strength and durability of the concrete. One of the recent technologies used to
enhance the compressive strength and workability of concrete is using magnetized
water instead of normal water in concrete mixes. This new technology has been a
part of making the concrete. By the use of magnetized water instead of normal
water, it is found that compressive strength increases considerably. There is a
rapid increase in the implementation of magnetized water technology on the eighties
and nineties decades. This is due to the development of magnetic devices and their
influences in concrete properties.

Figure 1.3 Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework shows the organization of key concepts essential
in the analysis, design and construction of the proposed (Influence of Magnetized
Water on the Strength Development of Concrete). The researchers will follow the
input-process-output paradigm as an aid for system analysis, design and
construction of the proposed project.
In this experiment, the researchers will establish a control batch of mix
that will use normal tap water while the other batches will use water that passed
through an increasing magnetic field up to a factor four. All batches of concrete
mix will have the same mix ratio of 1:2:4. The magnetization of water will be
carried out by using ferrite circular disc magnet and hosepipe. The intensity of
magnet will depend on the number of stacked magnets. The experiment will compose of
five different mix type. The mix type will then be classified as NWC, MWC1 (with
water content that will pass through one magnet), MWC2 (with water content that
will pass through two stacked magnets), MWC3 (with water content that will pass
through three stacked magnets), and MWC4 (with water content that will pass through
4 stacked magnets). The coarse and fine aggregates for the concrete mix will
undergo oven-drying to determine its moisture content. The moisture content of the
aggregates will be computed using
Moisture Content, MC (%)= ( (1.1)
Where Wmoist = moist weight of aggregate (kg)
And Wdry = oven-dried weight of aggregate (kg).

For the concrete mix, the cement, water and aggregates will then be mixed, moulded
in a cylinder, and cured as per specifications. The compressive strength test will
take place on the 7th and 28th-day strength of concrete. Each test will involve 20
concrete cylinder. The 20 test specimen will consist of four NWC cylinders, four
MWC1 cylinders, four MWC2 cylinders, four MWC3 cylinders, and four MWC4 cylinders.
The compressive strength will be computed using
(1.2)
Where F’c = compressive strength
Pmax = maximum compressive load, N (lb)
And Ag = gross area, mm2 (in2).
Using graphical analysis, the data obtained will be plotted in a graph to
show the relationship of the variables involved. For the cylindrical samples, the
compressive strength will be plotted against the number of magnets to determine the
effect of stacking magnets up to four on the properties of concrete specifically
the compressive strength, density, and slump. For both tap water and magnetized
water, the second graph will show the concrete compressive strength variation with
time.
By comparing the results, the concrete cylinder with magnetized water
will then be assessed to find out if the magnetized water increases the strength of
concrete as the number of stacked magnet also increases. Also, with the aid of the
T-test analysis, the researchers will evaluate if there’s a significant difference
between the magnetized water concrete and normal water concrete.

Figure 1.4 Conceptual Framework

SCOPE, LIMITATIONS, AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The researchers will consider concrete as the main focus of the study
specifically its compressive strength with the influence of magnetized water. For
compressive strength test, 21 cylindrical samples of magnetized water concrete will
be prepared. Three (3) cylindrical samples will be tested on each of these days:
1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day. Most common concrete mix ratio which
is 1:2:4 will be considered. Magnetized water will be utilized. With regards to
magnetization of water, the simplest and practical method will be performed that is
using hosepipe and ferrite circular disc magnet.
Delimitations of the study were to use different methods of magnetizing
water and different intensities of magnet since this study simply aims to assess
the influence of magnetized water on the strength properties of concrete regardless
of the type of magnet and method of magnetizing water to be used. Other factors
such as to analyse the concrete with other concrete mixture ratio will not be
performed due to limited time intended for this study.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings of this study will be helpful in construction industry. Proving that
magnetized water accelerates the compressive strength of concrete will be of great
advantage in a faster construction of buildings. In addition, being an accelerator
can be a substitute to costly admixtures which are rarely available in rural areas.
Furthermore, if proven that magnetized water increases the compressive strength of
concrete will lead to a higher class of concrete mix and in an improved concrete
mix ratio. Cement reduction will be possible in the concrete mixture which offers a
positive effect in the environment. Reducing the production of cement can reduce
carbon emission. With all the potential benefits in using magnetized water, it
would serve as the new eco-friendly and economical material in construction
industry.

MANAGEMENT OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY ENVIRONMENTS OF THE STUDY

Civil Engineer aims to produce structures in harmony with the concept of
sustainable development through the use of high-performance materials with low
environmental impact that are produced at a reasonable cost. Magnetic water
concrete, synthesized from the normal material used in manufacturing of concrete,
provide one route towards this objective. This paper aims to assess the difference
between the NWC and MWC in terms of compressive strength and workability of
concrete, in order to achieve the objective and assess the result, the help of
different multidiscipline will take part for this study, specifically, Civil
Engineering,
Material Engineering, and Chemical Engineering.
Concrete is a construction material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded
together with cement and water, its characteristics is determined by the aggregate
or cement used. Water-cement-ratio is one of the strength determining factor of
ordinary structural concrete, in order to properly assessed the significant effect
of NWC and MWC in strength development of concrete and have an
adequate result, it is important to have a control design. Civil Engineering will
now take place in managing the right code provisions for the design and testing of
the concrete that will be using.
Another multidiscipline is the Materials engineering which incorporates chemistry
and physics in designing, processing, testing, and discovering sustainable
materials, they will take part from improving the components and the process of the
product. They can also take part in analysing the effect of magnet in water
molecules because it involves chemistry and physics which suits their field of
study. They can also take part in the testing of strength development of concrete,
to provide additional testing method in proving the effectiveness of MWC.
Lastly, Chemical engineering can take part in translating the process that took
place in magnetization of water and on how it would affect the strength development
of concrete. They may provide sustainable information and further interpretation as
to how magnetization of water can improve strength of concrete.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Magnetized Water- Is a type of water that occurs when normal water passes through a
magnetic field of certain strength. The structure of water is aligned in one
direction after magnetization and the molecule sizes change after the bond
angle changes.
Magnetic Field- is an area around a magnet in which there is a magnetic force. It
describes the magnetic influence of magnetized water.
Normal Water Concrete (NWC) - is a concrete mix using normal tap water
Magnetized Water Concrete (MWC) - is a concrete mix using magnetized water CHAPTER
II
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHOD
The study will utilize experimental quantitative design, which made use of
different methods of analysis. The data that will be obtained through the
experiment will be analyzed and interpreted to present the influence of the
magnetized water on the early-age development of the concrete’s compressive
strength.

RESEARCH DESIGN
The researchers will be considering two sample populations; magnetized water
concrete (MWC) and normal-water concrete (NWC). Both samples will make use of
ordinary Portland cement, coarse aggregates (gravel) and fine aggregates (sand).
Class A concrete which has the ratio of 1:2:4 will be utilized. The researchers
will divide the mixing into 2 batches since each batch will require different types
of water. Each batch will be accurately measured in terms of aggregate volume,
cement weight and amount of water used in order to have a more consistent result.
Since there are no available standards that can be applied in the magnetization of
water, researchers developed a methodology that conforms to its definition. A
method that will utilize hose pipe and magnet wil be used in the production of
magnetized water.
Thirty cylindrical sample for both normal water and magnetized water concrete will
be used. The concrete samples from both types will undergo compression test at 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day. The comparison of the
results of the compressive strength through time of magnetized-water concrete and
the normal-water concrete will be established in a graph. The significance of the
increase in the early-age compressive strength of the concrete that used magnetized
water will be measured through T-Test method.

POPULATION AND LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The study will be conducted in the Materials Testing Laboratory of Saint Louis
University Otto Hann building since it caters the apparatus and equipment for the
tests to be performed. The concrete samples will contain ordinary Portland cement,
coarse aggregate ( gravel), fine aggregates ( sand), normal tap water and
magnetized water. Magnetized water will be obtained through the use of ferrite
circular disk magnets and a hose pipe. The success of this study can be utilized in
the construction industry where the same type of materials is used.

DATA GATHERING TOOLS

In the determination of the influence of magnetized water on the early-age
compressive strength of concrete, the researchers will use the following tools;
Magnetization of Water

The apparatus to be used are ferrite circular disc magnet and a hose pipe,
the magnet will be used to magnetize the tap water while the hose will be used to
redirect the water from the source to the mixer.

Concrete Mixing, Molding, and Curing

The tools to be used in the concrete mixing are cement, this is binder used
to paste and bind the aggregates to each other; coarse and fine aggregates are used
to occupy the voids in the concrete; and water is used to cause hardening in the
concrete mix. In the the molding of concrete cylindrical steel molds will be used,
this tool is used to form the desired shape and size of the concrete. For the
curing of concrete, curing tank will be utilized.This is to conform with ASTM
C31.

Compressive Strength Test

The apparatus to be used are universal testing machine, this is a tool used
to test the tensile strength and compressive strength of materials; Leveling
material is used for leveling the concrete sample with the UTM to balance the force
that will be applied in the contact area of the concrete sample. This is to conform
with ASTM C39.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

Preparation of concrete ingredients
The mixing of the concrete will be done per batch, each batch will contain
different types of water: normal tap water and the magnetized water; but both
mixtures will utilize air-dried coarse and fine aggregates and ordinary portland
cement.
Each batch will be expected to produce thirty cylindrical samples having a diameter
of six inches and a height of twelve inches which is the dimensions provided by the
steel mould.
Magnetization of Water
Ferrite Circular Disc Magnet will be used in the preparation of the magnetized
water. One of the end of the plastic hose will be connected to a water source while
the other end will be inserted into the hole of the circular disk magnet.
Mixing, Moulding and Curing of Concrete
All the prepared concrete ingredients with its required quantity will be mixed
through the use of a one-bagger mixer. After reaching the mixture’s required
consistency, thirty cylindrical steel moulds will be filled with concrete. The
concrete samples will be placed in a curing tank after the removal of the steel
moulds which will happen after a day of the mixing. The samples will not be removed
in the curing tank unless the established day of the compressive strength test will
occur. This process is subjected to compliance with ASTM C31.
Compressive Strength Test
Through the use of the Universal Testing Machine in the laboratory, compression
test will be conducted everyday for the 1st week and at 14th, 21st and 28th day
age of the concrete. Three samples will undergo testing but an additional one
sample each will be produced to act as a reserved in case of damage or breakage
during the handling of the test specimens. The compressive strength in each
concrete cylinder will be determined through the ratio of the force to the cross-
sectional area of the samples. The compressive strength will be the average of the
three samples at that given age. This process will be executed with accordance to
ASTM C39.

TREATMENT OF DATA
Compressive strengths with its given age for both normal-water concrete amd
magnetized-water concrete will be determined. Data obtained from concrete samples
that used normal water will be treated as the control group. This is then compared
to the other groups through the use of graphical analysis for the interpretation of
data.
The T-Test method will be used to evaluate the significance of the difference
between the compressive strength of magnetized water concrete and normal water
concrete.
SUMMARY OF PROCEDURE

CHAPTER III
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to the research of Ramachandran (2018), the magnetized water technology

initiated in Russia and China for agricultural and other medical values and now it
extends its application in construction industry. Magnetic water has been used in
different fields like health care, dairy production, agriculture and oil
industries.

The initial researches and scientific tests about application of magnetic field in
manufacturing concrete and concrete blocks was commenced for military constructions
such as airports and jetties at 1962 in Russia. Khorshidi1, Ansari and Bayat (2014)

Water is the key ingredient in concrete for the different process including
hydration process, proper curing etc. When water mixed with cement which forms a
paste which binds the aggregate. Water causes the hardening of concrete by the
process known as hydration. Ramachandran (2018)

When water passes through a magnetic flux it is known as magnetized water. The
level of magnetization is controlled by the method used and water purity. The
structure of water is aligned in one direction after magnetization, and the
molecule sizes change after the bond angle changes, therefore viscosity and surface
area increases by magnetization, hence the hydration rate increases.
(Abdel-Magida, Hamdanb, Abdelgaderc, et. al, 2017)

Hydration reaction between cement and water depends on specific surface area, as
surface area of water is increased due to magnetization more water is available for
hydration and more number of cement particles are hydrated which results in
increase in efficiency of cement used in concrete. This increase in hydration will
lead to increase in the compressive strength of the concrete. Reddy,
Ghorpade, and Rao (2014)

To study further on the magnetized water Reddy, Ghorpade, and Rao (2014) conducted
a research on the use of magnetic water for mixing and curing of concrete and they
found out that the compressive strength of concrete increases with the usage of
magnetized water at early days of hydration (i.e within 28 days) and after 28 days
this increase is less compared to early days of hydration. The usage of magnetized
water in mixing of concrete also improves split tension, flexure and Impact
strength based on their long term strength studies up to 360 days. They also noted
that the magnetic water curing increases the strength of both normal water concrete
and magnetized water concrete.

Another research titled “An Experimental Study on the Use of Magnetized Water in
Concrete with M Sand as Fine Aggregate” aims to compare the compressive strength,
split tensile strength and flexural behaviour of Normal water concrete (NWC) and
Magnetized water concrete (MWC) for M20 grade of concrete mix. Ramachandran and Das
(2018) concluded that the magnetic water mix concrete show higher compressive,
split tensile and flexural strength rather than normal compacting concrete. Also
one of their objectives is to understand the magnetic water concrete (MWC) and its
characteristics in terms of workability and strength aspects and it turned out that
the use of magnetic water increased the workability of concrete because magnetized
water increase viscosity and surface area of the mix which in turn increase the
slump value.

Furthermore, Abdel-Magida, Hamdanb and Abdelgaderc, et. al (2017) researched on the

effect of magnetized water on workability and compressive strength of concrete.
Based on their research study, they concluded that magnetized water effectively
enhances concrete workability (up to +400%); concrete cube’s weight can be reduced
approximately 3 % with the use of magnetized water; compressive strength is
increased up to 10 % with the use of magnetized water and cement content can be
reduced up to 75 % without affecting compressive strength when combined with the
use of magnetized water.

On the study of the implementation of magnetized water to improve the properties of

concrete by Faris, Al-Mahaidi and Jadooe (2014) the results showed that, in most
cases, fresh concrete made with MW has higher slump values than that made with tap
water (up to 35%). The compressive and splitting strengths of the concrete samples
with MW were higher than those of the concrete samples with tap water, with the
highest increase (up to 20%) being at the magnetic intensity of 9000 Gauss. The
slump values increase by increasing the magnetic field intensities. With the same
slump and compressive strength, cement content can be reduced by 7.5% by the use of
MW.

Another research studied the effect of magnetic water on engineering properties of

concrete. In the study, Ahmed (2009) concluded that the strength of concrete
prepared with magnetized water increased by 10 to 20 percent, when the magnetic
flux density was (1.2 Tesla), the use of magnetic water increased workability and
strength which is the same conclusion with other research conducted and the
velocity of water current about (0.71m/s) and time treatment of (4.5 sec./liter)
are the best characteristic treatment of water which is more suitable for preparing
fresh concrete.

APPENDICES
Project title: Influence of Magnetized on the Compressive Strength of Concrete
Research Promoter: Engr. Jonel Ian B. Lucas

BUDGET ITEM PARTICULARS ESTIMATED COST

1. Printing 200
2. Experiment 4 Magnets 200
Hose Pipe 100
2 bags of Portland Cement 500
River Gravel 200
River Sand 200
PROPOSED BUDGET : 1400
Table 3.1 Budget Proposal

Note: The Line Item Budget is meant for the research team to have a realistic
picture of the research cost right from the start. If the budget is beyond the
means of the team, the project can be scaled down or even changed altogether.
Chronogram of Proposed Activities
(Activity Plan and Schedule of Outputs APSO)

UGCP No.:
Faculty Research Promoter: Engr. Jonel Ian B. Lucas
Project Title: Influence of Magnetized Water on Compressive Strength of Concrete

A. ACTIVITY PLAN GANNT CHART

Table 3.2 Activity plan
Activity Months
1 2 3 4 5
A. Finalization of research project title x
B. Preparation of research proposal x
1. Literature review x
2. Writing introduction (with problem, objective/s, research questions,
significance, etc.) x
3. Writing methods section (with identified research design, methods and data-
gathering techniques, target participants, etc.) x
4. Preparing data gathering instruments
(questionnaire, FGD guide, KI interview guide, etc.)
5. Pre-testing of data gathering instruments
6. Writing communications to participants, offices, etc.

C. Gathering of data
1 Collection of data
2 Organizing data
D. Processing of data
1 Statistical analysis, qualitative analysis, etc.

2 Writing down results

E. Preparation of final report/output
1 Writing manuscript
2 Editing

B. SCHEDULE OF OUTPUTS

Table 3.3 Output schedule

Activity Output to be submitted Deadline
A. Finalization of research project title Research project
title August 31, 2019
B. Preparation of research proposal
- Literature review Literature review September 14,2019
- Introduction Introduction October 12, 2019
- Methods Methods October 12, 2019
- Data gathering instruments Data gathering instruments
- Communications to participants, offices
C. Gathering of data Report on data collected
D. Processing of data Report on
processed data
E. Preparation of final manuscript Publishable manuscript
F. Sending manuscript for publication in a refereed journal (optional)

Note: This is a general sample. Some modifications may be done according to the
specifics of the research project.

Discussion of Roles and Responsibilities

Research Title: Influence of Magnetized Water on Compressive Strength of Concrete

Research Promoter: Engr. Jonel Ian B. Lucas

Name Role in This
Project Role Description
Balderas, Froilan G. Recorder
Records the group discussions.

Calisay, Anthony D. Head for Signing of Documents In-charge for the

signing of documents.
Orodio, David Jefraim D.
Assistant Leader
Coordinates the team in case of the absence of the leader.
Tubera, Rizaldy N. Head for Printing
In-charge for the printing of all necessary papers needed in the study.
Unias, Frenzel W. Researcher
Researches for other studies that may contribute to our study.
Yuson, Stephen John M. Auditor
Take record of all the expenses spent on the study.
Grindulo, Alpha Joy B. Leader
Assign task to every member and monitors the progress of the study.
Navales, Zairalex D. Assistant
Secretary
Substitute for the Secretary in case of her absence.

Pimentel, Miya Kaye D. Treasurer

The one who’s in-charge for the handling of funds that we contributed.
Togmoy, Marvylene B. Secretary
Responsible for dissemination of announcements coming from the research
coordinator.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abdel-Magida, T. I. M., Hamdanb, R. M., Abdelgaderc, A. A. B., Omerd, M. E. A., &
Rizg-Allah Ahmede, N. M. ,Effect of magnetized water on workability and compressive
strength of concrete, 193,(2017), 494-500.Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320728049_Effect_of_Magnetic_
Water_on_Properties_of_Concrete

Ahmed, M. S., “Effect of Magnetic Water on Engineering Properties of

Concrete”.IJESC,Vol.7,Issue No.7,(2009).Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320728049_Effect_of_Magnetic_
Water_on_Properties_of_Concrete
 Ali S. Faris, Riadh Al-Mahaidi,& Awad Jadooe,” IMPLEMENTATION OF
MAGNETIZED WATER TO IMPROVE THE PROPERTIES OF
CONCRETE”. Journal Impact Factor. Volume 5, Issue 10, October (2014), pp. 43-57.
Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299469169_IMPLEMENTATION_
OF_MAGNETIZED_WATER_TO_IMPROVE_THE_PROPERTIES_OF_CO
NCRETE

Faris, A. S.,Al-Mahaidi, R., & Jadooe, A.,”IMPLEMENTATION OF MAGNETIZED

WATER TO IMPROVE THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE”. International
Journal of Civil Engineering JOURNAL and OF Technology CIVIL (IJCIET), Volume 5,
Issue 10, October (2014), pp. 43-57. ISSN 0976 –
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