ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF TRUSS

PROJECT: THREE STOREY MARINE BUILDING

LOCATION: DAU ODIN SINSUT, MAGUINDANAO

HOWE GRIDER TRUSS

TYPE OF ROOF = GABLE ROOF

*PROPERTIES
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH f'c 28 MPa
YIELD STRENGTH fy 275 MPa
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY Es 200000 MPa
ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE Qa 400 kPa

*SPACING:
MEAN ROOF HEIGHT h = 12.5 m
TRUSS SPACING = 5 m
SPAN W = 25 m
RISE H = 2.5 m
SPACING OF PURLINS Sp = 0.7 m
BAYLENGTH L = 5 m
�
THETA = 11.31 degree
RATIO OF HEIGHT h/L = 0.50 m
 DESIGN OF PURLINS

LOAD CARRIED BY THE TRUSS

A. WIND LOAD
B. DEAD LOAD AND LIVE LOAD

A. WIND LOAD
USE:
Design wind pressure:
p = -31367.656 Pa
Ww = P x Sp
Ww = -21957.359 Pa

B. DEAD LOAD AND LIVE LOAD

1. WEIGHT OF ROOFING, Wr
2. WEIGHT OF PURLINS, Wp

1. WEIGHT OF ROOFING, Wr: 2. WEIGHT OF PURLINS, Wp

try C5 X 9
Using Onduline Corrugated Bituminous Roof: w = 3.3 Properties of the section:
Pr = 32.373 Pa W = 13.4 Kg/m
A = 1703 mm2
Weight of Roof, WR: d = 127 mm
WR = 22.6611 Pa tw = 8.3 mm
bf = 47.9 mm
Additional Uniform Live tf = 8.1 mm
1000 Pa
Load Ix = 3704 x10³mm4
Weight of Additional Liveload,WLL Sx = 58.33 x10³mm³
WLL = LL x Sp Iy = 262 x10³mm4
WLL = 700 Pa Sy = 7.33 x10³mm³
Zx = 58.1740772
Total weight Zy = 12.3722333
WRT = WRT+WLL J = 22.8511053
WRT = 722.661 Pa Cw = 596.149624
rx = 49.53 mm
ry = 12.54 mm
rts = 14.8336 mm
ho = 11.8872 mm
CHECK FOR COMPACTNESS OF THE SECTION
flange: A36:
bf/2tf ≤ 170/√Fy Fy = 248 MPa
E= 2 x105 MPa
web:
d/tw ≤ 1680/√Fy bf/2tf = 2.96 < 170/√Fy = 10.80
d/tw = 15.30 < 1680/√Fy = 106.68
Therefore, the section is compact.

CHECK AGAINST FLEXURE:

fa ≤ Fa
solve for Lc:
200bf/ √Fy = 105.410105 mm
137900/ (d/Af)Fy = 129.811014 mm
use smaller value:
Lc = 105.41 mm
Lb = 400.00 assumed
mm brace length

Since the member is compact section and Lc > Lb, use Fa = 0.66Fy
fa = [ (MN/Sx)+(MT/Sy) ]
fa = -5.93 kPa

Fa= 0.60 Fy
Fa= 148.80 kPa

fa = -5.93 kPa < Fa = 148.80 kPa

Therefore, safe against flexure
 WIND LOAD
OCCUPANCY IV
ZONE 3
EXPOSURE B
BASIC WIND SPEED V = 270 kph
WIND DIRECTIONALITY FACTOR kd = 0.85
TOPOGRAPHIC FACTOR kzt = 1.0
GUST EFFECT FACTOR G = 0.85
0.55
INTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT GCpi =
-0.55 (for partially enclosed building)
IMPORTANCE FACTOR Iw = 1.00
Kh = 0.65

Kh by interpolation:
z kh
12.00 0.76
12.50 0.77
15.00 0.81
Kh 0.77
 Wp = w(9.81 N/kg) 1. Limit state of yielding
Wp = 131.45 N/m Use A36 E = 200000 Mpa
Fy = 248 Mpa
LOADS NORMAL TO THE ROOF SURFACE:
Wd = Wp+Wr 8639.02464 N-m
Wd = 854.12 N/m
1837.31369 N-m
Wn = Ww + WD cos Ө
Wn = -21186.11 N/m

The tangential allowable flexural

strength is equally destributed at the whole span
LOADS TANGENT TO THE ROOF SURFACE:
since the one third point of sagrod attached to
WT = WD sin Ө the top of purlins ..
= 1133.36 N/m [sin(11.31°)]
WT = 167.51 N/m

SOLVING FOR THE DESIGNING MOMENTS:

Bending about strong axis/ x-axis:

Mn = WnL^2/12
Mn = -44137.73 N-m
= -756.6900 Mpa
Bending about weak axis/ y-axis:
Mt = WtL^2/12
Mt = 348.97 N-m
47.6086 Mpa

Design for strength

Where:
Ma = required flexural strength
Mn = nominal flexural srength
Ω = safety factor; use 1.67
Mn/Ω = allowable flexural srength

Solve for allowable flexural strength based on section

506.1 and 506.2
Table 506.1.1
Cross Flange Web Limit
Section Slenderness Slenderness States

Yielding
Compact Compact
Lateral Torsional
 Bukling

CHECK ADEQUACY OF SECTION USING INTERACTION EQUATION:

faN/Fax + faT/Fay ≤ 1.0

faN = MN/Sx Fax = 0.66 Fy , Along strong axis

faN = -756.69 MPa Fax = 163.68 MPa

faT = MT/Sy Fay = 0.75 Fy , Along weak axis

faT = 47.61 MPa Fay = 186.00 MPa

faN/Fax + faT/Fay = -4.37

faN/Fax + faT/Fay = -4.37 < 1.0

Therefore, purlins is adequate.

Conclusion:

use 0.00 Err:504

 COMPUTATION OF WIND LOAD

ENTERNAL PRESSURE COEFFICIENT, Cp (TABLE

By Interpolation, Windward By Interpolation, Leeward

angle angle
h/L 10.00 11.31 15.00 h/L 10.00 11.31 15.00
0.5 -0.90 -0.85 -0.70 0.5 -0.50 -0.50 -0.50
0.50 -0.85 0.50 -0.50
10.00 -1.30 -1.22 -1.00 10.00 -0.70 -0.67 -0.60
at windward roof slope: at leeward roof slope:
Cp = -0.85 Cp = -0.50

VELOCITY PRESSURE:
qz = 47.3x10-6KzKztKdV2Iw
qz = 24689.95 N/m^2

DESIGN PRESSURE:

For Windward: For Leeward:

p = -31367.656 p = -24072.705
p or -4208.706 p or 3086.244

USE:
P = -31367.656 Pa
Designation Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(d)Web Thickness(tw) Flange
kg/m mm2 mm m bf t
C3 x 4.1 6.14 781 76.2 4.3 35.8 6.9
C3 X 5 7.46 948 76.2 6.6 38 6.9
C3 X 6 8.93 1135 76.2 9 40.5 6.9
C4 X 5.4 8.07 1,026 101.6 4.7 40.2 7.5
C4 X 7.25 10.81 1,374 101.6 8.2 43.7 7.5
C5 X 6.7 10 1,271 127 4.8 44.5 8.1
C5 X 9 13.4 1,703 127 8.3 47.9 8.1
C6 X 8.2 12.18 1,548 152.4 5.1 48.8 8.7
C6 X 10.5 15.68 1,994 152.4 8 51.7 8.7
C6 X 13 19.44 2,471 152.4 11.1 54.8 8.7
C7 X 9.8 14.57 1,852 177.8 5.3 53.1 9.3
C7 X 12.25 18.27 2,323 177.8 8 55.7 9.3

Axis-X
Designation Weight(W) Area(A) Depth(H) Width(B) Thickness(t) Ix
kg/m mm2 mm mm mm x10^3 mm^4
L-20x20x3 0.88 112 20 20 3 3.92
L-25x25x3 1.12 142 25 25 3 8.03
L-30x30x3 1.36 174 30 30 3 14.05
L-30x30x5 2.18 278 30 30 5 21.64
L-30x30x6 2.56 448 30 30 6 24.94
L-40x40x3 1.84 235 40 40 3 34.46
L-40x40x5 2.97 379 40 40 5 54.27
L-40x40x6 3.52 448 40 40 6 63.14
L-50x50x3 2.33 296 50 50 3 68.61
L-50x50x5 3.77 480 50 50 5 109.64
L-50x50x6 4.47 569 50 50 6 128.41
L-50x50x8 5.82 741 50 50 8 162.83
L-50x50x10 7.11 905 50 50 10 193.6
L65X65X5 4.97 634 65 65 5 247.44
L65X65X6 5.91 753 65 65 6 291.87
L65X65X8 7.73 985 65 65 8 374.89
L65X65X10 9.49 1209 65 65 10 450.83
L65X65X12 11.18 1425 65 65 12 520.45
 L-75X75X5 5.78 736 75 75 5 385.13
L-75X75X6 6.87 875 75 75 6 455.71
L-75X75X8 9 1147 75 75 8 588.74
L-75X75X10 11.07 1411 75 75 10 711.75
L-75X75X12 13.08 1667 75 75 12 825.67
 Axis-X Axis-Y
x Ix Sx rx Iy Sy ry
mm x10^3 mm^4 x10^3 mm^3 mm x10^3 mm^4 x10^3 mm^3 mm
11.07 691 18.14 29.74 83 3.36 10.31
11.13 770 20.21 28.5 104 3.87 10.47
11.56 862 22.62 27.56 125 4.32 10.49
11.61 1,602 31.54 39.51 133 4.65 11.39
11.66 1,911 37.62 37.29 179 5.59 11.41
12.29 3,118 49.1 49.53 200 6.21 12.54
12.14 3,704 58.33 46.64 262 7.33 12.4
12.98 5,453 71.56 59.35 287 8.01 13.62
12.67 6,327 83.03 56.33 362 9.27 13.47
13.06 7,242 95.04 54.14 437 10.47 13.3
13.72 8,866 9973 69.19 404 10.26 14.77
13.34 10,073 113.31 65.85 487 11.5 14.48

Axis-X Axis-Y
Sx rx y Iy Sy ry x
x10^3 mm^4 mm mm x10^3 mm^4x10^3 mm^4 mm mm
0.28 5.9 5.98 3.92 0.28 5.9 5.98
0.45 7.51 7.23 8.03 0.45 7.51 7.23
0.65 8.99 8.35 14.05 0.65 8.99 8.35
1.04 8.83 9.18 21.64 1.04 8.83 9.18
1.22 8.74 9.56 24.94 1.22 8.74 9.56
1.18 12.11 10.73 34.46 1.18 12.11 10.73
1.91 11.97 11.62 54.27 1.91 11.97 11.62
2.26 11.87 12.02 63.14 2.26 11.87 12.02
1.86 15.22 13.08 68.61 1.86 15.22 13.08
3.05 15.11 14.04 109.64 3.05 15.11 14.04
3.61 15.02 14.45 128.41 3.61 15.02 14.45
4.68 14.82 15.24 162.83 4.68 14.82 15.24
5.69 14.62 15.98 193.6 5.69 14.62 15.98
5.22 19.76 17.58 247.44 5.22 19.76 17.58
6.21 19.69 18.04 291.87 6.21 `19.69 18.04
8.13 19.51 18.88 374.89 8.13 19.51 18.88
9.94 19.31 19.66 450.83 9.94 19.31 19.66
11.67 19.11 20.41 520.45 11.67 19.11 20.41
 7 22.88 19.95 385.13 7 22.88 19.95
8.35 22.82 20.43 455.71 8.35 22.82 20.43
10.96 22.66 21.3 588.74 10.96 22.66 21.3
13.46 22.46 22.11 711.75 13.46 22.46 22.11
15.84 22.26 22.88 825.67 15.84 22.26 22.88